伙伴系统中是以page为基本单位。slab分配器则是以字节为单位来分配小内存块。slab最终还是通过伙伴系统来分配出实际的物理页面。
slab描述符：
struct kmem_cache {
/* 1) Cache tunables. Protected by slab_mutex */
/* 当本地对象缓存池为空时，从共享缓冲池或者slab_partial/slab_free获取对象的数量 */
unsigned int batchcount;
/* 本地缓存池中空闲对象数量大于limit,主动释放batchcount个对象*/
unsigned int limit;
unsigned int shared;
unsigned int size;/* 对象的长度,会加上align对齐字节 */
struct reciprocal_value reciprocal_buffer_size;
/* 2) touched by every alloc & free from the backend */
unsigned int flags; /* constant flags */
/* 一个slab最多可以有多少个对象 */
unsigned int num; /* # of objs per slab */
/* 3) cache_grow/shrink */
/* order of pgs per slab (2^n) */
unsigned int gfporder;/* 该slab描述符占用的page数量2^gfporder */
/* force GFP flags, e.g. GFP_DMA */
gfp_t allocflags;
/* 该slab有几个不同的cache line */
size_t colour; /* cache colouring range */
unsigned int colour_off; /* colour offset */
struct kmem_cache *freelist_cache;
unsigned int freelist_size;
/* constructor func */
void (*ctor)(void *obj);
/* 4) cache creation/removal */
const char *name;/* slab名字 */
struct list_head list;
int refcount;
int object_size;/* 对象的实际大小,这个应该是没有对齐的 */
int align;
/* 5) statistics */
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB
unsigned long num_active;
unsigned long num_allocations;
unsigned long high_mark;
unsigned long grown;
unsigned long reaped;
unsigned long errors;
unsigned long max_freeable;
unsigned long node_allocs;
unsigned long node_frees;
unsigned long node_overflow;
atomic_t allochit;
atomic_t allocmiss;
atomic_t freehit;
atomic_t freemiss;
/*
* If debugging is enabled, then the allocator can add additional
* fields and/or padding to every object. size contains the total
* object size including these internal fields, the following two
* variables contain the offset to the user object and its size.
*/
int obj_offset;
#endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB */
#ifdef CONFIG_MEMCG_KMEM
struct memcg_cache_params *memcg_params;
#endif
/* 6) per-cpu/per-node data, touched during every alloc/free */
/*
* We put array[] at the end of kmem_cache, because we want to size
* this array to nr_cpu_ids slots instead of NR_CPUS
* (see kmem_cache_init())
* We still use [NR_CPUS] and not [1] or [0] because cache_cache
* is statically defined, so we reserve the max number of cpus.
*
* We also need to guarantee that the list is able to accomodate a
* pointer for each node since "nodelists" uses the remainder of
* available pointers.
*/
struct kmem_cache_node **node;
struct array_cache *array[NR_CPUS + MAX_NUMNODES];
/*
* Do not add fields after array[]
*/
};看这个定义，每个cpu都有一个本地对象缓冲池。此外每个节点也会存在一个对象缓冲池
struct array_cache {
unsigned int avail;/* 对象缓冲池中可用对象数量 */
unsigned int limit;
unsigned int batchcount;
unsigned int touched;
spinlock_t lock;
void *entry[];
};- slab描述符创建
struct kmem_cache *
kmem_cache_create(const char *name, size_t size, size_t align,
unsigned long flags, void (*ctor)(void *))
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
char *cache_name;
int err;
get_online_cpus();
get_online_mems();
mutex_lock(&slab_mutex);
err = kmem_cache_sanity_check(name, size);
if (err)
goto out_unlock;
/*
* Some allocators will constraint the set of valid flags to a subset
* of all flags. We expect them to define CACHE_CREATE_MASK in this
* case, and we'll just provide them with a sanitized version of the
* passed flags.
*/
flags &= CACHE_CREATE_MASK;
/* 检测是否存在现成的slab描述符可以复用 */
s = __kmem_cache_alias(name, size, align, flags, ctor);
if (s)
goto out_unlock;
cache_name = kstrdup(name, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!cache_name) {
err = -ENOMEM;
goto out_unlock;
}
/* 创建新的slab描述符 */
s = do_kmem_cache_create(cache_name, size, size,
calculate_alignment(flags, align, size),
flags, ctor, NULL, NULL);
if (IS_ERR(s)) {
err = PTR_ERR(s);
kfree(cache_name);
}
out_unlock:
mutex_unlock(&slab_mutex);
put_online_mems();
put_online_cpus();
if (err) {
if (flags & SLAB_PANIC)
panic("kmem_cache_create: Failed to create slab '%s'. Error %d\n",
name, err);
else {
printk(KERN_WARNING "kmem_cache_create(%s) failed with error %d",
name, err);
dump_stack();
}
return NULL;
}
return s;
}static struct kmem_cache *
do_kmem_cache_create(char *name, size_t object_size, size_t size, size_t align,
unsigned long flags, void (*ctor)(void *),
struct mem_cgroup *memcg, struct kmem_cache *root_cache)
{
struct kmem_cache *s;
int err;
err = -ENOMEM;
/* 这里的kmem_cache是个全局变量,分配一个slab描述符 */
s = kmem_cache_zalloc(kmem_cache, GFP_KERNEL);
if (!s)
goto out;
s->name = name;
s->object_size = object_size;
s->size = size;
s->align = align;
s->ctor = ctor;
err = memcg_alloc_cache_params(memcg, s, root_cache);
if (err)
goto out_free_cache;
/* 这里才是开始创建slab描述符里面的缓冲区 */
err = __kmem_cache_create(s, flags);
if (err)
goto out_free_cache;
s->refcount = 1;
/* 将创建的slab加入到全局的链表中 */
list_add(&s->list, &slab_caches);
out:
if (err)
return ERR_PTR(err);
return s;
out_free_cache:
memcg_free_cache_params(s);
kfree(s);
goto out;
}
int
__kmem_cache_create (struct kmem_cache *cachep, unsigned long flags)
{
size_t left_over, freelist_size, ralign;
gfp_t gfp;
int err;
size_t size = cachep->size;
#if DEBUG
#if FORCED_DEBUG
/*
* Enable redzoning and last user accounting, except for caches with
* large objects, if the increased size would increase the object size
* above the next power of two: caches with object sizes just above a
* power of two have a significant amount of internal fragmentation.
*/
if (size < 4096 || fls(size - 1) == fls(size-1 + REDZONE_ALIGN +
2 * sizeof(unsigned long long)))
flags |= SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER;
if (!(flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU))
flags |= SLAB_POISON;
#endif
if (flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU)
BUG_ON(flags & SLAB_POISON);
#endif
/*
* Check that size is in terms of words. This is needed to avoid
* unaligned accesses for some archs when redzoning is used, and makes
* sure any on-slab bufctl's are also correctly aligned.
*/
if (size & (BYTES_PER_WORD - 1)) {
size += (BYTES_PER_WORD - 1);
size &= ~(BYTES_PER_WORD - 1);
}
/*
* Redzoning and user store require word alignment or possibly larger.
* Note this will be overridden by architecture or caller mandated
* alignment if either is greater than BYTES_PER_WORD.
*/
if (flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
ralign = BYTES_PER_WORD;
if (flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
ralign = REDZONE_ALIGN;
/* If redzoning, ensure that the second redzone is suitably
* aligned, by adjusting the object size accordingly. */
size += REDZONE_ALIGN - 1;
size &= ~(REDZONE_ALIGN - 1);
}
/* 3) caller mandated alignment */
if (ralign < cachep->align) {
ralign = cachep->align;
}
/* disable debug if necessary */
if (ralign > __alignof__(unsigned long long))
flags &= ~(SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER);
/*
* 4) Store it.
*/
cachep->align = ralign;
if (slab_is_available())
gfp = GFP_KERNEL;
else
gfp = GFP_NOWAIT;
setup_node_pointer(cachep);
#if DEBUG
/*
* Both debugging options require word-alignment which is calculated
* into align above.
*/
if (flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
/* add space for red zone words */
cachep->obj_offset += sizeof(unsigned long long);
size += 2 * sizeof(unsigned long long);
}
if (flags & SLAB_STORE_USER) {
/* user store requires one word storage behind the end of
* the real object. But if the second red zone needs to be
* aligned to 64 bits, we must allow that much space.
*/
if (flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE)
size += REDZONE_ALIGN;
else
size += BYTES_PER_WORD;
}
#if FORCED_DEBUG && defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC)
if (size >= kmalloc_size(INDEX_NODE + 1)
&& cachep->object_size > cache_line_size()
&& ALIGN(size, cachep->align) < PAGE_SIZE) {
cachep->obj_offset += PAGE_SIZE - ALIGN(size, cachep->align);
size = PAGE_SIZE;
}
#endif
#endif
/*
* Determine if the slab management is 'on' or 'off' slab.
* (bootstrapping cannot cope with offslab caches so don't do
* it too early on. Always use on-slab management when
* SLAB_NOLEAKTRACE to avoid recursive calls into kmemleak)
*/
if ((size >= (PAGE_SIZE >> 5)) && !slab_early_init &&
!(flags & SLAB_NOLEAKTRACE))
/*
* Size is large, assume best to place the slab management obj
* off-slab (should allow better packing of objs).
*/
flags |= CFLGS_OFF_SLAB;
size = ALIGN(size, cachep->align);
/*
* We should restrict the number of objects in a slab to implement
* byte sized index. Refer comment on SLAB_OBJ_MIN_SIZE definition.
*/
if (FREELIST_BYTE_INDEX && size < SLAB_OBJ_MIN_SIZE)
size = ALIGN(SLAB_OBJ_MIN_SIZE, cachep->align);
/* 计算slab需要使用多少个page,以及该slab可以容纳多少个对象 */
left_over = calculate_slab_order(cachep, size, cachep->align, flags);
if (!cachep->num)
return -E2BIG;
freelist_size = calculate_freelist_size(cachep->num, cachep->align);
/*
* If the slab has been placed off-slab, and we have enough space then
* move it on-slab. This is at the expense of any extra colouring.
*/
if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB && left_over >= freelist_size) {
flags &= ~CFLGS_OFF_SLAB;
left_over -= freelist_size;
}
if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
/* really off slab. No need for manual alignment */
freelist_size = calculate_freelist_size(cachep->num, 0);
#ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_POISONING
/* If we're going to use the generic kernel_map_pages()
* poisoning, then it's going to smash the contents of
* the redzone and userword anyhow, so switch them off.
*/
if (size % PAGE_SIZE == 0 && flags & SLAB_POISON)
flags &= ~(SLAB_RED_ZONE | SLAB_STORE_USER);
#endif
}
cachep->colour_off = cache_line_size();
/* Offset must be a multiple of the alignment. */
if (cachep->colour_off < cachep->align)
cachep->colour_off = cachep->align;
cachep->colour = left_over / cachep->colour_off;
cachep->freelist_size = freelist_size;
cachep->flags = flags;
cachep->allocflags = __GFP_COMP;
if (CONFIG_ZONE_DMA_FLAG && (flags & SLAB_CACHE_DMA))
cachep->allocflags |= GFP_DMA;
cachep->size = size;
cachep->reciprocal_buffer_size = reciprocal_value(size);
if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
cachep->freelist_cache = kmalloc_slab(freelist_size, 0u);
/*
* This is a possibility for one of the kmalloc_{dma,}_caches.
* But since we go off slab only for object size greater than
* PAGE_SIZE/8, and kmalloc_{dma,}_caches get created
* in ascending order,this should not happen at all.
* But leave a BUG_ON for some lucky dude.
*/
BUG_ON(ZERO_OR_NULL_PTR(cachep->freelist_cache));
}
err = setup_cpu_cache(cachep, gfp);
if (err) {
__kmem_cache_shutdown(cachep);
return err;
}
if (flags & SLAB_DEBUG_OBJECTS) {
/*
* Would deadlock through slab_destroy()->call_rcu()->
* debug_object_activate()->kmem_cache_alloc().
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU);
slab_set_debugobj_lock_classes(cachep);
} else if (!OFF_SLAB(cachep) && !(flags & SLAB_DESTROY_BY_RCU))
on_slab_lock_classes(cachep);
return 0;其中calculate_slab_order用于计算slab描述符中核心参数
tatic size_t calculate_slab_order(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
size_t size, size_t align, unsigned long flags)
{
unsigned long offslab_limit;
size_t left_over = 0;
int gfporder;
for (gfporder = 0; gfporder <= KMALLOC_MAX_ORDER; gfporder++) {
unsigned int num;
size_t remainder;
/* 计算在2^gfporder页面的大小下,可以容纳多少个对象,然后剩下空间用于cache colour着色 */
cache_estimate(gfporder, size, align, flags, &remainder, &num);
if (!num)
continue;
/* Can't handle number of objects more than SLAB_OBJ_MAX_NUM */
if (num > SLAB_OBJ_MAX_NUM)
break;
if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
size_t freelist_size_per_obj = sizeof(freelist_idx_t);
/*
* Max number of objs-per-slab for caches which
* use off-slab slabs. Needed to avoid a possible
* looping condition in cache_grow().
*/
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DEBUG_SLAB_LEAK))
freelist_size_per_obj += sizeof(char);
offslab_limit = size;
offslab_limit /= freelist_size_per_obj;
if (num > offslab_limit)
break;
}
/* Found something acceptable - save it away */
cachep->num = num;
cachep->gfporder = gfporder;
left_over = remainder;
/*
* A VFS-reclaimable slab tends to have most allocations
* as GFP_NOFS and we really don't want to have to be allocating
* higher-order pages when we are unable to shrink dcache.
*/
if (flags & SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT)
break;
/*
* Large number of objects is good, but very large slabs are
* currently bad for the gfp()s.
*/
if (gfporder >= slab_max_order)
break;
/*
* Acceptable internal fragmentation?
*/
if (left_over * 8 <= (PAGE_SIZE << gfporder))
break;
}
return left_over;
} 
感觉着色区对应代码里面的leftover，freelist对应mgmt_size
static void cache_estimate(unsigned long gfporder, size_t buffer_size,
size_t align, int flags, size_t *left_over,
unsigned int *num)
{
int nr_objs;
size_t mgmt_size;
size_t slab_size = PAGE_SIZE << gfporder;
/*
* The slab management structure can be either off the slab or
* on it. For the latter case, the memory allocated for a
* slab is used for:
*
* - One unsigned int for each object
* - Padding to respect alignment of @align
* - @buffer_size bytes for each object
*
* If the slab management structure is off the slab, then the
* alignment will already be calculated into the size. Because
* the slabs are all pages aligned, the objects will be at the
* correct alignment when allocated.
*/
if (flags & CFLGS_OFF_SLAB) {
mgmt_size = 0;
nr_objs = slab_size / buffer_size;
} else {
nr_objs = calculate_nr_objs(slab_size, buffer_size,
sizeof(freelist_idx_t), align);
mgmt_size = calculate_freelist_size(nr_objs, align);
}
*num = nr_objs;
*left_over = slab_size - nr_objs*buffer_size - mgmt_size;
}分配slab对象
void *kmem_cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
{
void *ret = slab_alloc(cachep, flags, _RET_IP_);
trace_kmem_cache_alloc(_RET_IP_, ret,
cachep->object_size, cachep->size, flags);
return ret;
}static __always_inline void *
slab_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags, unsigned long caller)
{
unsigned long save_flags;
void *objp;
flags &= gfp_allowed_mask;
lockdep_trace_alloc(flags);
if (slab_should_failslab(cachep, flags))
return NULL;
cachep = memcg_kmem_get_cache(cachep, flags);
cache_alloc_debugcheck_before(cachep, flags);
/* 关闭了本地cpu中断 */
local_irq_save(save_flags);
objp = __do_cache_alloc(cachep, flags);
local_irq_restore(save_flags);
objp = cache_alloc_debugcheck_after(cachep, flags, objp, caller);
kmemleak_alloc_recursive(objp, cachep->object_size, 1, cachep->flags,
flags);
prefetchw(objp);
if (likely(objp)) {
kmemcheck_slab_alloc(cachep, flags, objp, cachep->object_size);
if (unlikely(flags & __GFP_ZERO))
memset(objp, 0, cachep->object_size);
}
return objp;
}static __always_inline void *
__do_cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
{
return ____cache_alloc(cachep, flags);
}static inline void *____cache_alloc(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags)
{
void *objp;
struct array_cache *ac;
bool force_refill = false;
check_irq_off();
ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
if (likely(ac->avail)) {/* 本地对象缓冲池ac中有空闲对象 */
ac->touched = 1;
objp = ac_get_obj(cachep, ac, flags, false);
/*
* Allow for the possibility all avail objects are not allowed
* by the current flags
*/
if (objp) {
STATS_INC_ALLOCHIT(cachep);
goto out;
}
force_refill = true;
}
STATS_INC_ALLOCMISS(cachep);
objp = cache_alloc_refill(cachep, flags, force_refill);
/*
* the 'ac' may be updated by cache_alloc_refill(),
* and kmemleak_erase() requires its correct value.
*/
ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
out:
/*
* To avoid a false negative, if an object that is in one of the
* per-CPU caches is leaked, we need to make sure kmemleak doesn't
* treat the array pointers as a reference to the object.
*/
if (objp)
kmemleak_erase(&ac->entry[ac->avail]);
return objp;
}
cache_alloc_refill：本地对象缓冲池不够时，会通过该函数去申请
static void *cache_alloc_refill(struct kmem_cache *cachep, gfp_t flags,
bool force_refill)
{
int batchcount;
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
struct array_cache *ac;
int node;
check_irq_off();
node = numa_mem_id();
if (unlikely(force_refill))
goto force_grow;
retry:
ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
batchcount = ac->batchcount;
if (!ac->touched && batchcount > BATCHREFILL_LIMIT) {
/*
* If there was little recent activity on this cache, then
* perform only a partial refill. Otherwise we could generate
* refill bouncing.
*/
batchcount = BATCHREFILL_LIMIT;
}
n = cachep->node[node];
BUG_ON(ac->avail > 0 || !n);
spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
/* See if we can refill from the shared array */
/*
判断共享对象缓冲池中有没有空闲对象,如果有则尝试迁移batchcount个空闲对象,
到本地对象缓冲池ac中,transfer_objs进行迁移
*/
if (n->shared && transfer_objects(ac, n->shared, batchcount)) {
n->shared->touched = 1;
goto alloc_done;
}
/* 共享对象缓冲池没有空闲对象,则去slab节点中的slab_partial和slab_free查看 */
while (batchcount > 0) {
struct list_head *entry;
struct page *page;
/* Get slab alloc is to come from. */
entry = n->slabs_partial.next;
if (entry == &n->slabs_partial) {
n->free_touched = 1;
entry = n->slabs_free.next;
if (entry == &n->slabs_free)
goto must_grow;
}
page = list_entry(entry, struct page, lru);
check_spinlock_acquired(cachep);
/*
* The slab was either on partial or free list so
* there must be at least one object available for
* allocation.
*/
BUG_ON(page->active >= cachep->num);
while (page->active < cachep->num && batchcount--) {
STATS_INC_ALLOCED(cachep);
STATS_INC_ACTIVE(cachep);
STATS_SET_HIGH(cachep);
ac_put_obj(cachep, ac, slab_get_obj(cachep, page,
node));
}
/* move slabp to correct slabp list: */
list_del(&page->lru);
if (page->active == cachep->num)
list_add(&page->lru, &n->slabs_full);
else
list_add(&page->lru, &n->slabs_partial);
}
must_grow:
n->free_objects -= ac->avail;
alloc_done:
spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
if (unlikely(!ac->avail)) {
int x;
force_grow:
x = cache_grow(cachep, flags | GFP_THISNODE, node, NULL);
/* cache_grow can reenable interrupts, then ac could change. */
ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
node = numa_mem_id();
/* no objects in sight? abort */
if (!x && (ac->avail == 0 || force_refill))
return NULL;
if (!ac->avail) /* objects refilled by interrupt? */
goto retry;
}
ac->touched = 1;
return ac_get_obj(cachep, ac, flags, force_refill);
}page = kmem_getpages(cachep, local_flags, nodeid);
kmem_getpages->alloc_pages_exact_node-->__alloc_pages可以看到还是通过伙伴系统去申请的page。因此说slab是基于伙伴系统的。
static int cache_grow(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
gfp_t flags, int nodeid, struct page *page)
{
void *freelist;
size_t offset;
gfp_t local_flags;
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
/*
* Be lazy and only check for valid flags here, keeping it out of the
* critical path in kmem_cache_alloc().
*/
BUG_ON(flags & GFP_SLAB_BUG_MASK);
local_flags = flags & (GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK|GFP_RECLAIM_MASK);
/* Take the node list lock to change the colour_next on this node */
check_irq_off();
n = cachep->node[nodeid];
spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
/* Get colour for the slab, and cal the next value. */
offset = n->colour_next;/* 下一个slab节点中应该包含的colour数目 */
n->colour_next++;
if (n->colour_next >= cachep->colour)
n->colour_next = 0;
spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
offset *= cachep->colour_off;
if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)/* 如果打开了允许睡眠标志位,需要打开本地中断 */
local_irq_enable();
/*
* The test for missing atomic flag is performed here, rather than
* the more obvious place, simply to reduce the critical path length
* in kmem_cache_alloc(). If a caller is seriously mis-behaving they
* will eventually be caught here (where it matters).
*/
kmem_flagcheck(cachep, flags);
/*
* Get mem for the objs. Attempt to allocate a physical page from
* 'nodeid'.
*/
if (!page)/* 分配2^gpforder个页面 */
page = kmem_getpages(cachep, local_flags, nodeid);
if (!page)
goto failed;
/* Get slab management. *//* 计算slab中的cache colour和freelist以及对象的地址布局 */
freelist = alloc_slabmgmt(cachep, page, offset,
local_flags & ~GFP_CONSTRAINT_MASK, nodeid);
if (!freelist)
goto opps1;
slab_map_pages(cachep, page, freelist);
/* 初始化slab中所有对象的状态 */
cache_init_objs(cachep, page);
if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
local_irq_disable();
check_irq_off();
spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
/* Make slab active. */
list_add_tail(&page->lru, &(n->slabs_free));
STATS_INC_GROWN(cachep);
n->free_objects += cachep->num;
spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
return 1;
opps1:
kmem_freepages(cachep, page);
failed:
if (local_flags & __GFP_WAIT)
local_irq_disable();
return 0;
}page->s_mem是slab中第一个对象的地址。freelist感觉是对应freelist的首地址。那么colour_off就是对应了着色区的大小了？？
static void *alloc_slabmgmt(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
struct page *page, int colour_off,
gfp_t local_flags, int nodeid)
{
void *freelist;
void *addr = page_address(page);
if (OFF_SLAB(cachep)) {
/* Slab management obj is off-slab. */
freelist = kmem_cache_alloc_node(cachep->freelist_cache,
local_flags, nodeid);
if (!freelist)
return NULL;
} else {
freelist = addr + colour_off;
colour_off += cachep->freelist_size;
}
page->active = 0;
page->s_mem = addr + colour_off;
return freelist;
}static void slab_map_pages(struct kmem_cache *cache, struct page *page,
void *freelist)
{
page->slab_cache = cache;
page->freelist = freelist;
}cache_init_objs用于初始化slab中所有的对象。DEBUG中的内存是开启slab debug才会有。
static void cache_init_objs(struct kmem_cache *cachep,
struct page *page)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < cachep->num; i++) {
void *objp = index_to_obj(cachep, page, i);
#if DEBUG
/* need to poison the objs? */
if (cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON)
poison_obj(cachep, objp, POISON_FREE);
if (cachep->flags & SLAB_STORE_USER)
*dbg_userword(cachep, objp) = NULL;
if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
*dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) = RED_INACTIVE;
}
/*
* Constructors are not allowed to allocate memory from the same
* cache which they are a constructor for. Otherwise, deadlock.
* They must also be threaded.
*/
if (cachep->ctor && !(cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON))
cachep->ctor(objp + obj_offset(cachep));
if (cachep->flags & SLAB_RED_ZONE) {
if (*dbg_redzone2(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
slab_error(cachep, "constructor overwrote the"
" end of an object");
if (*dbg_redzone1(cachep, objp) != RED_INACTIVE)
slab_error(cachep, "constructor overwrote the"
" start of an object");
}
if ((cachep->size % PAGE_SIZE) == 0 &&
OFF_SLAB(cachep) && cachep->flags & SLAB_POISON)
kernel_map_pages(virt_to_page(objp),
cachep->size / PAGE_SIZE, 0);
#else
if (cachep->ctor)
cachep->ctor(objp);
#endif
set_obj_status(page, i, OBJECT_FREE);
set_free_obj(page, i, i);
}
}index_to_obj获取对象地址。cache->size是对象进行字节对齐之后的大小。首元素地址+元素大小*idx，即可获得下标为idx元素的地址。此外，目前的感觉是一个slab可能包含了多个page，但是由于这些page是连续的，因此只需要第一个page，以及gfporder,就能知道整个范围。
static inline void *index_to_obj(struct kmem_cache *cache, struct page *page,
unsigned int idx)
{
return page->s_mem + cache->size * idx;
}从这里看，感觉上面的freelist是对的，也是个数组
static inline void set_free_obj(struct page *page,
unsigned int idx, freelist_idx_t val)
{
((freelist_idx_t *)(page->freelist))[idx] = val;
}释放slab缓冲对象
kmem_cache_free：可以看到该函数是在关本cpu中断的情况下执行的
void kmem_cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp)
{
unsigned long flags;
cachep = cache_from_obj(cachep, objp);
if (!cachep)
return;
local_irq_save(flags);
debug_check_no_locks_freed(objp, cachep->object_size);
if (!(cachep->flags & SLAB_DEBUG_OBJECTS))
debug_check_no_obj_freed(objp, cachep->object_size);
__cache_free(cachep, objp, _RET_IP_);
local_irq_restore(flags);
trace_kmem_cache_free(_RET_IP_, objp);
}static inline void __cache_free(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void *objp,
unsigned long caller)
{
/* 获得本cpu缓存对象池 */
struct array_cache *ac = cpu_cache_get(cachep);
check_irq_off();
kmemleak_free_recursive(objp, cachep->flags);
objp = cache_free_debugcheck(cachep, objp, caller);
kmemcheck_slab_free(cachep, objp, cachep->object_size);
/*
* Skip calling cache_free_alien() when the platform is not numa.
* This will avoid cache misses that happen while accessing slabp (which
* is per page memory reference) to get nodeid. Instead use a global
* variable to skip the call, which is mostly likely to be present in
* the cache.
*/
if (nr_online_nodes > 1 && cache_free_alien(cachep, objp))
return;
if (likely(ac->avail < ac->limit)) {/* 空闲数量没有大于回收阈值limit */
STATS_INC_FREEHIT(cachep);
} else {/* 对空闲对象进行回收 */
STATS_INC_FREEMISS(cachep);
cache_flusharray(cachep, ac);
}
/* 将释放的对象放到本地对象缓存池中 */
ac_put_obj(cachep, ac, objp);
}cache_flusharray：如果本地对象缓存池中的空闲对象超过了limit,=，则需要释放batchcount个对象
/* 回收batchcount个对象 */
static void cache_flusharray(struct kmem_cache *cachep, struct array_cache *ac)
{
int batchcount;
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
int node = numa_mem_id();
batchcount = ac->batchcount;
#if DEBUG
BUG_ON(!batchcount || batchcount > ac->avail);
#endif
check_irq_off();
n = cachep->node[node];
spin_lock(&n->list_lock);
if (n->shared) {/* 如果存在共享的对象缓冲池,则将对象复制到共享对象缓冲池中 */
struct array_cache *shared_array = n->shared;
int max = shared_array->limit - shared_array->avail;
if (max) {
if (batchcount > max)
batchcount = max;
memcpy(&(shared_array->entry[shared_array->avail]),
ac->entry, sizeof(void *) * batchcount);
shared_array->avail += batchcount;
goto free_done;
}
}
/* 主动释放batchcount个空闲对象 */
free_block(cachep, ac->entry, batchcount, node);
free_done:
#if STATS
{
int i = 0;
struct list_head *p;
p = n->slabs_free.next;
while (p != &(n->slabs_free)) {
struct page *page;
page = list_entry(p, struct page, lru);
BUG_ON(page->active);
i++;
p = p->next;
}
STATS_SET_FREEABLE(cachep, i);
}
#endif
spin_unlock(&n->list_lock);
ac->avail -= batchcount;
/* 将batcgcount之后的对象往前移动,其实就是从本地缓存对象池ac中删除batchcount个对象 */
memmove(ac->entry, &(ac->entry[batchcount]), sizeof(void *)*ac->avail);
}static void free_block(struct kmem_cache *cachep, void **objpp, int nr_objects,
int node)
{
int i;
struct kmem_cache_node *n;
for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
void *objp;
struct page *page;
clear_obj_pfmemalloc(&objpp[i]);
objp = objpp[i];
page = virt_to_head_page(objp);
n = cachep->node[node];
list_del(&page->lru);
check_spinlock_acquired_node(cachep, node);
/* 释放一个对象 */
slab_put_obj(cachep, page, objp, node);
STATS_DEC_ACTIVE(cachep);
n->free_objects++;
/* fixup slab chains */
if (page->active == 0) {/* slab中没有活跃对象,并且free_objects>limits则会destroy这个slab */
if (n->free_objects > n->free_limit) {
n->free_objects -= cachep->num;
/* No need to drop any previously held
* lock here, even if we have a off-slab slab
* descriptor it is guaranteed to come from
* a different cache, refer to comments before
* alloc_slabmgmt.
*/
slab_destroy(cachep, page);
} else {
list_add(&page->lru, &n->slabs_free);
}
} else {
/* Unconditionally move a slab to the end of the
* partial list on free - maximum time for the
* other objects to be freed, too.
*/
list_add_tail(&page->lru, &n->slabs_partial);
}
}
}
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