假设
H 0 : ρ 1 = ρ 2 = ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ = ρ 1 2 H_0:\rho_1=\rho_2=···=\rho_12 H0:ρ1=ρ2=⋅⋅⋅=ρ12
H 1 : 至 少 存 在 某 个 ρ k ≠ 0 , 1 ≤ n ≤ 12 H_1:至少存在某个\rho_k\neq0, 1\leq n\leq 12 H1:至少存在某个ρk=0,1≤n≤12
计算 Q Q Q统计量: Q = n ∑ k = 1 m ρ ^ k 2 Q=n\sum_{k=1}^m \hat{\rho}_k ^2 Q=n∑k=1mρ^k2, L B = n ( n + 2 ) ∑ k = 1 m ρ ^ k 2 n − k LB=n(n+2)\sum_{k=1}^m\frac{\hat{\rho}_k^2}{n-k} LB=n(n+2)∑k=1mn−kρ^k2
其中, n n n是序列长度100, m = 12 m=12 m=12, ρ k ( k = 1 , 2 , ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ , 12 ) \rho_k(k=1,2,···,12) ρk(k=1,2,⋅⋅⋅,12)为12个样本自相关系数。
计算可得到: Q = 4.57 Q=4.57 Q=4.57, L B = 4.99 LB=4.99 LB=4.99
查表得到: χ 0.975 2 ( 12 ) = 4.40 \chi^2_{0.975}(12)=4.40 χ0.9752(12)=4.40, χ 0.95 2 ( 12 ) = 5.23 \chi^2_{0.95}(12)=5.23 χ0.952(12)=5.23, P ( χ 2 ( 12 ) > χ 0.975 2 ) = 0.975 P(\chi^2(12)>\chi^2_{0.975})=0.975 P(χ2(12)>χ0.9752)=0.975
因为 Q = 4.75 Q=4.75 Q=4.75与 L B = 4.99 LB=4.99 LB=4.99介于4.40与5.23之间,故 P P P值大概在0.96左右,显著大于0.05。所以不能拒绝纯随机的原假设,可以认为该序列为白噪声序列。