MyBatis框架学习

MyBatis框架学习

xml配置的工程目录结构

jdbcConfig.properties

用于配置数据库的连接信息

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=tmd928865598..

SqlMapConfig.xml

mybatis工程的主配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<!--mybatis的主配置文件-->
<configuration>
    <properties resource="jdbcConfig.properties"></properties>
    <!--配置环境-->
    <environments default="mysql">
        <!--配置mysql的环境-->
        <environment id="mysql">
            <!--配置事务的类型-->
            <transactionManager type="jdbc"></transactionManager>
            <!--配置数据源（连接池）-->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <!--配置连接数据库的4个基本信息-->
                <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--指定映射配置文件的位置，映射配置文件指的是每个dao独立的配置文件-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/itheima/dao/IUserDao.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

IUserDao.xml

配置IUserDao的具体实现，在resouses包下应该与IuserDao类目录一致
例如IuserDao.xml与IUserDao类的目录均为com.itheima.dao
下面展示基本查询：
使用select标签

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
 <mapper namespace="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao">
 <!-- 查询所有 -->
 	<!--
 		id为IuserDao下的方法名
 		resultType为该方法的返回类
 		parameterType为参数
 	-->
    <select id="findAll" resultType="com.itheima.domain.User">
        select * from user;
    </select>
     <!-- 根据id查询用户 -->
    <select id="findUserById" parameterType="INT" resultMap="com.itheima.domain.User">
        select * from user where id = #{uid}
    </select>
 </mapper>

• select 查询标签
• insert 保存标签
• update 更新标签
• delete 删除标签

保存用户，并获取其Id

    <insert id="saveUser" parameterType="com.itheima.domain.User">
        <!-- 配置插入操作后，获取插入数据的id -->
        <selectKey keyProperty="userId" keyColumn="id" resultType="int" order="AFTER">
            select last_insert_id();
        </selectKey>
        insert into user(username,address,sex,birthday)values(#{userName},#{userAddress},#{userSex},#{userBirthday});
    </insert>

    @Test
    public void testSave(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserAddress("北京市朝阳区");
        user.setUserSex("男");
        user.setUserBirthday(new Date());
        user.setUserName("mybatistest");
        System.out.println("-------------------保存前-------------------");
        System.out.println(user);
        userDao.saveUser(user);
        System.out.println("-------------------保存后-------------------");
        System.out.println(user);
    }

当数据库表的列名与与定义的实体类的变量名不一致时
例如数据库中为

实体类中为

需要配置查询结果的列名与实体类的属性名的对应关系

    <resultMap id="userMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
        <!-- 主键字段的对应 -->
        <id property="userId" column="id"></id>
        <!--非主键字段的对应-->
        <!--property为实体类中的属性名，column为数据库表中的列名-->
        <result property="userName" column="username"></result>
        <result property="userAddress" column="address"></result>
        <result property="userSex" column="sex"></result>
        <result property="userBirthday" column="birthday"></result>
    </resultMap>

此时需要返回该实体类的方法需要稍作更改，例如查询方法需要将resultType---->resultMap

    <!-- 查询所有 -->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
        select * from user;
    </select>

具体使用

    private InputStream in;
    private SqlSession session;
    private IUserDao userDao;

    @Before
    public void init(){
        try {
            in = Resources.getResourceAsStream("SqlMapConfig.xml");
            //2.创建SqlSessionFactory工厂
            SqlSessionFactoryBuilder builder = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder();
            SqlSessionFactory factory = builder.build(in);
            //3.使用工厂生产SqlSession对象
            session = factory.openSession();
            //4.使用SqlSession创建Dao接口的代理对象
            userDao = session.getMapper(IUserDao.class);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @After
    public void destory(){
        try {
            session.commit();
            session.close();
            in.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testFindAll(){
        List<User> users = userDao.findAll();
        for (int i = 0; i < users.size(); i++) {
            System.out.println(users.get(i));
        }
    }

一对一/多映射查询（方法一）立即加载

添加这三个文件，假设一个用户有多个账户，一个账户有一个用户
Account中的属性应为

IAccountDao.xml

配置resultMap

    <resultMap id="accountUserMap" type="com.itheima.domain.Account">
       <id property="id" column="aid"></id>
        <result property="uId" column="uid"></result>
        <result property="money" column="money"></result>
        <!--一对一的关系映射：配置封装user的内容-->
        <association property="user" column="uid" javaType="com.itheima.domain.User">
            <!-- 主键字段的对应 -->
            <id property="userId" column="id"></id>
            <!--非主键字段的对应-->
            <result property="userName" column="username"></result>
            <result property="userAddress" column="address"></result>
            <result property="userSex" column="sex"></result>
            <result property="userBirthday" column="birthday"></result>
        </association>
    </resultMap>
 <!-- 查询所有 -->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="accountUserMap">
        select u.*,a.id as aid,a.uid,a.money from account a,user u where u.id = a.uid;
    </select>

IUserDao.xml

配置之前需要在User实体类中添加

然后配置.xml文件

    <resultMap id="userAccountMap" type="com.itheima.domain.User">
        <!-- 主键字段的对应 -->
        <id property="userId" column="id"></id>
        <!--非主键字段的对应-->
        <result property="userName" column="username"></result>
        <result property="userAddress" column="address"></result>
        <result property="userSex" column="sex"></result>
        <result property="userBirthday" column="birthday"></result>
        <!--配置user对象中accounts集合的映射-->
        <collection property="accountList" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Account">
            <id property="id" column="aid"></id>
            <result property="uId" column="uid"></result>
            <result property="money" column="money"></result>
        </collection>
    </resultMap>
    
 <!-- 查询所有 -->
    <select id="findAll" resultMap="userAccountMap">
        select * from user u left outer join account a on u.id = a.uid
    </select>

一对一/多映射查询（方法二）可延迟加载

在SqlMapConfig.xml文件中可配置settings时，延迟加载

1. 一对一
配置IAccountDao.xml文件中的association标签，在IUserDao.xml中配置findById方法

 <association property="user" column="uid" javaType="com.itheima.domain.User"
                     select="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.findById"></association>

 <!-- 根据id查询用户 -->
    <select id="findUserById" parameterType="INT" resultMap="userMap">
        select * from user where id = #{uid}
    </select>

2. 一对多
配置IUserDao.xml文件中的collection标签，在IAccountDao.xml文件中配置findAccountByUid方法

 <!--配置user对象中accounts集合的映射-->
        <collection property="accountList" ofType="com.itheima.domain.Account"
                    select="com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao.findAccountByUid" column="id">
        </collection>

 <select id="findAccountByUid"  parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultType="com.itheima.domain.Account">
        select * from account where uid = #{id}
    </select>

注解配置

在SqlMapConfig.xml文件中更改mappers标签内容

<mapper class="com.itheima.dao.IUserDao"></mapper>
<mapper class="com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao"></mapper>
或者直接改成
<package name="com.itheima.dao"></package>

注解直接在dao包下对每个方法配置
例如IUserDao

//开启缓存
@CacheNamespace(blocking = true)
public interface IUserDao {

    /**
     * 查询所有
     * @return
     */
    @Select("select * from user")
    @Results(id ="userMap",value = {
            @Result(id = true,property = "userId",column = "id"),
            @Result(property = "userName",column = "username"),
            @Result(property = "userAddress",column = "address"),
            @Result(property = "userSex",column = "sex"),
            @Result(property = "userBirthday",column = "birthday"),
            @Result(property = "accounts",column = "id",
                    many = @Many(select = "com.itheima.dao.IAccountDao.findAccountByUid",
                            fetchType = FetchType.LAZY))
    })
    List<User> findAll();

    @Select("select * from user where id=#{id}")
    @ResultMap(value = "userMap")
    User findById(Integer id);

    @Select("select * from user where username like #{username}")
    @ResultMap(value = "userMap")
    List<User> findByName(String userName);
}

在IAccountDao中

public interface IAccountDao {

    /**
     *查询所有账户，并获取每个账户的所属用户信息
     * @return
     */
    @Select("select * from account")
    @Results(id = "accountMap",value = {
        @Result(id = true,property = "id",column = "id"),
        @Result(property = "uid",column = "uid"),
        @Result(property = "money",column = "money"),
        @Result(property = "user",column = "uid",
                one = @One(select = "com.itheima.dao.IUserDao.findById",
                        fetchType = FetchType.EAGER))
    })
    List<Account> findAll();

    @Select("select * from account where uid = #{id}")
    List<Account> findAccountByUid(int id);
}