JAVA中异常的两个常用方法
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异常对象有两个重要的方法:
获取异常简单的描述信息:(获取调用异常构造方法时输入的String s)
exception.getMessage()打印异常追踪的堆栈信息:
exception.printStackTrace()
public class ExceptionTest05 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
NullPointerException npe = new NullPointerException("空指针异常");
//获取异常简单的描述信息:(异常构造方法中的String s)
String str = npe.getMessage();
System.out.println(str); //空指针异常
//打印异常追踪的堆栈信息
//java后台打印异常堆栈追踪信息的时候,采用了异步线程的方式打印的
//打印之后并不会影响后续程序的运行
npe.printStackTrace();
//用来体现打印异常追踪的堆栈信息 与 hello world 是异步进行的
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
System.out.println("i = " + i);
}
System.out.println("hello world");
}
}
打印异常追踪的堆栈信息的例子
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
public class ExceptionTest06 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
m1();
}catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
//在实际开发中,应养成打印 异常堆栈追踪信息 的好习惯
e.printStackTrace();
/* 打印信息:
java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\Gam\123.txt (系统找不到指定的路径。)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.open0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.open(FileInputStream.java:212)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:154)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:109)
at exception.ExceptionTest06.m2(ExceptionTest06.java:22)
at exception.ExceptionTest06.m1(ExceptionTest06.java:18)
at exception.ExceptionTest06.main(ExceptionTest06.java:9)
*/
}
//在catch捕捉后可以继续执行
//不耽误程序的执行,很健壮(服务器不会因为遇到异常而宕机)
System.out.println("main over");
}
private static void m1() throws FileNotFoundException {
m2();
}
private static void m2() throws FileNotFoundException {
new FileInputStream("C:\\Gam\\123.txt");
}
}
//运行结果:
java.io.FileNotFoundException: C:\Gam\123.txt (系统找不到指定的路径。)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.open0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.open(FileInputStream.java:212)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:154)
at java.base/java.io.FileInputStream.<init>(FileInputStream.java:109)
at exception.ExceptionTest06.m2(ExceptionTest06.java:34)
at exception.ExceptionTest06.m1(ExceptionTest06.java:30)
at exception.ExceptionTest06.main(ExceptionTest06.java:9)
main over
Process finished with exit code 0