2021-10-27

join源码

从join方法的源码来看，join方法的本质调用的是Object中的wait方法实现线程的阻塞，调用wait方法必须要获取锁，所以join方法是被synchronized修饰的。

public final synchronized void join(long millis)
    throws InterruptedException {
        long base = System.currentTimeMillis();
        long now = 0;

        if (millis < 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("timeout value is negative");
        }

        if (millis == 0) {
            while (isAlive()) {
                wait(0);
            }
        } else {
            while (isAlive()) {
                long delay = millis - now;
                if (delay <= 0) {
                    break;
                }
                wait(delay);
                now = System.currentTimeMillis() - base;
            }
        }
    }

有很多人不理解join为什么阻塞的是主线程呢?

synchronized修饰在方法层面相当于synchronized(this),this就是Thread本身的实例。main线程获得t线程对象的锁进入等待。

main线程被谁唤醒？

wait方法阻塞的线程，需要通过notify或者notifyall来唤醒。
在hotspot的源码中找到 thread.cpp，线程退出以后有没有做。

void JavaThread::exit(bool destroy_vm, ExitType exit_type) {
assert(this == JavaThread::current(), "thread consistency check");
...
// Notify waiters on thread object. This has to be done after exit() is called
// on the thread (if the thread is the last thread in a daemon ThreadGroup the
// group should have the destroyed bit set before waiters are notified).
ensure_join(this);
assert(!this->has_pending_exception(), "ensure_join should have cleared");
...

观察一下 ensure_join(this)这行代码上的注释，唤醒处于等待的线程对象，这个是在线程终止之后做的清理工作，这个方法的定义代码片段如下

static void ensure_join(JavaThread* thread) {
  // We do not need to grap the Threads_lock, since we are operating on ourself.
  Handle threadObj(thread, thread->threadObj());
  assert(threadObj.not_null(), "java thread object must exist");
  ObjectLocker lock(threadObj, thread);
  // Ignore pending exception (ThreadDeath), since we are exiting anyway
  thread->clear_pending_exception();
  // Thread is exiting. So set thread_status field in  java.lang.Thread class to TERMINATED.
  java_lang_Thread::set_thread_status(threadObj(), java_lang_Thread::TERMINATED);
  // Clear the native thread instance - this makes isAlive return false and allows the join()
  // to complete once we've done the notify_all below
  //这里是清除native线程，这个操作会导致isAlive()方法返回false
  java_lang_Thread::set_thread(threadObj(), NULL);
  lock.notify_all(thread);//注意这里
  // Ignore pending exception (ThreadDeath), since we are exiting anyway
  thread->clear_pending_exception();
}

ensure_join方法中，调用 lock.notify_all(thread); 唤醒所有等待thread锁的线程，意味着调用了join方法被阻塞的主线程会被唤醒；
总结，Thread.join其实底层是通过wait/notifyall来实现线程的通信达到线程阻塞的目的；当线程执行结束以后，会触发两个事情，第一个是设置native线程对象为null、第二个是通过notifyall方法，让等待在previousThread对象锁上的wait方法被唤醒。

伪代码来说明join的使用场景

public void joinDemo(){
//....
Thread t=new Thread(payService);
t.start();
//....
//其他业务逻辑处理,不需要确定t线程是否执行完
insertData();
//后续的处理，需要依赖t线程的执行结果，可以在这里调用join方法等待t线程执行结束
t.join();
}