华为IPv6toIPv4

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-24 08:37:14 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-24 08:37:14 发布

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分类专栏：网络文章标签：网络 IPv6 华为 ipv4 ipv6toipv4

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华为IPv6toIPv4

1 实验介绍

1.1 关于本实验

IPv6是Internet Protocol Version 6的缩写，其中Internet Protocol译为“互联网协议”。IPv6和IPv4都是网络层协议，但是IPv6是一种与IPv4不同的网络协议，其取代IPv4还需要经过一个较长的时间。IPv4向IPv6的过渡不是一次性的，而是逐步地分层次地。在过渡时期，为了保证IPv4和IPv6能够共存、互通，人们发明了一些IPv4/IPv6的互通技术。本实验以6to4技术为例，阐述如何配置IPv6过渡技术。

1.2 实验目的

 掌握使IPv6与IPv4网络互通的6to4自动隧道配置的方法。

1.3 实验组网介绍

在这里插入图片描述

图3-1 IPv6过渡技术实验拓扑图

1.4 实验规划

R1-R3-R2之间的网络为IPv4环境，PC1及PC2处于IPv6孤岛，R1及R2为IPv6/IPv4双栈设备，在R1及R2上部署6to4隧道使得PC1及PC2能够互相访问。
表3-1 设备接口参数设计

设备	接口	IP地址
PC1	Eth0/0/1	2002:C801:0101::1/64
R1	G0/0/1	200.1.1.1/24
R1	G0/0/2	2002:c801:0101::ffff/64
Internet	G0/0/1	200.1.1.2/24
Internet	G0/0/2	200.2.2.1/24
R2	G0/0/1	2002:c802:0202::ffff
R2	G0/0/2	200.2.2.2/64
PC2	Eth0/0/1	2002:C802:0202::1

2 实验任务配置

2.1 配置思路

配置PC1、PC2、R1、R2及R3的物理接口IPv4及IPv6地址，并配置IPv4静态路由，使设备之间可以通过IPv4进行相互通信；
配置6to4隧道的IPv6地址、源接口以及隧道模式，并配置IPv6静态路由，建立IPv6隧道；

2.2 配置步骤

步骤 1 在路由器上开启IPv6功能，配置IP地址。
# 在R1上开启IPv6功能，配置IPv4及IPv6地址。

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]ipv6 
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 enable 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ipv6 address 2002:C801:0101::FFFF/64
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R1]

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 200.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
[R1]

# 配置PC1的IPv6地址。
在这里插入图片描述

# 测试PC1与R1之间的链路。

PC>ping 2002:C801:0101::ffff

Ping 2002:c801:101::ffff: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 2002:c801:101::ffff: bytes=32 seq=1 hop limit=64 time=32 ms
From 2002:c801:101::ffff: bytes=32 seq=2 hop limit=64 time<1 ms
From 2002:c801:101::ffff: bytes=32 seq=3 hop limit=64 time=15 ms
From 2002:c801:101::ffff: bytes=32 seq=4 hop limit=64 time=16 ms
From 2002:c801:101::ffff: bytes=32 seq=5 hop limit=64 time=15 ms

--- 2002:c801:101::ffff ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 0/15/32 ms

PC>

# 在R2上开启IPv6功能，配置IPv4及IPv6地址。

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]ipv6 
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 enable 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ipv6 address 2002:c802:0202::ffff/64
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 200.2.2.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit
[R2]

# 配置PC2的IPv6地址。
在这里插入图片描述

# 测试PC2与R2之间的链路。

PC>ping 2002:C802:0202::FFFF

Ping 2002:c802:202::ffff: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 2002:c802:202::ffff: bytes=32 seq=1 hop limit=64 time=15 ms
From 2002:c802:202::ffff: bytes=32 seq=2 hop limit=64 time=16 ms
From 2002:c802:202::ffff: bytes=32 seq=3 hop limit=64 time=16 ms
From 2002:c802:202::ffff: bytes=32 seq=4 hop limit=64 time=15 ms
From 2002:c802:202::ffff: bytes=32 seq=5 hop limit=64 time=16 ms

--- 2002:c802:202::ffff ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 15/15/16 ms

PC>

# 在Internet路由器上配置IPv4地址。

<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sy	
[Huawei]sysname Internet
[Internet]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[Internet-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 200.1.1.2 24
[Internet-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit

[Internet]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[Internet-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 200.2.2.1 24
[Internet-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit

# 在R1上配置到对端的静态路由。

[R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.1.1.2

# 在R2上配置到对端的静态路由。

[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 200.2.2.1

# 测试R1与R2之间的链路。

[R1]ping 200.2.2.2
  PING 200.2.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 200.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 200.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=60 ms
    Reply from 200.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=70 ms
    Reply from 200.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=50 ms
    Reply from 200.2.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=60 ms

  --- 200.2.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 50/58/70 ms

[R1]

步骤 2 配置6to4 Tunnel：
# 在R1上配置6to4 隧道。

[R1]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol ipv6-ipv4 6to4 
Info: Relevant configurations on this interface are deleted.
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ipv6 enable 
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 200.1.1.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ipv6 address auto link-local 
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]quit

# 在R1上配置IPv6静态路由。

[R1]ipv6 route-static 2002:C802:0202:: 64 Tunnel 0/0/0

# 在R2上配置6to4 隧道。

[R2]interface Tunnel 0/0/0
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol ipv6-ipv4 6to4 
Info: Relevant configurations on this interface are deleted.
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]ipv6 enable 
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]source 200.2.2.2
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]ipv6 address auto link-local 
[R2-Tunnel0/0/0]quit

# 在R2上配置IPv6静态路由。

[R2]ipv6 route-static 2002:C801:0101:: 64 Tunnel 0/0/0

3 结果验证

3.1 检查配置结果

# 在RouterA上执行display ipv6 interface brief操作，结果如下。

[R1]display ipv6 interface brief 
*down: administratively down
!down: FIB overload down
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
Interface                    Physical              Protocol   
GigabitEthernet0/0/2         up                    up         
[IPv6 Address] 2002:C801:101::FFFF
Tunnel0/0/0                  up                    up         
[IPv6 Address] FE80::C801:101
[R1]

# 在PC1上访问PC2，结果如下。

PC>ping 2002:C802:0202::1

Ping 2002:c802:202::1: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
From 2002:c802:202::1: bytes=32 seq=1 hop limit=253 time=125 ms
From 2002:c802:202::1: bytes=32 seq=2 hop limit=253 time=79 ms
From 2002:c802:202::1: bytes=32 seq=3 hop limit=253 time=93 ms
From 2002:c802:202::1: bytes=32 seq=4 hop limit=253 time=94 ms
From 2002:c802:202::1: bytes=32 seq=5 hop limit=253 time=203 ms

--- 2002:c802:202::1 ping statistics ---
  5 packet(s) transmitted
  5 packet(s) received
  0.00% packet loss
  round-trip min/avg/max = 79/118/203 ms

PC>