pyqt5-菜单栏与工具栏

最新推荐文章于 2023-07-16 19:47:30 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-07-16 19:47:30 发布

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文章标签： qt 开发语言

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42947290/article/details/122056121

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《PyQt5快速开发与实践》笔记

一、界面设计
使用Qtdesigner设计包含菜单栏和工具栏的界面。
小知识：
1.菜单栏中，对于一级菜单，可以通过输入**“文件（&F）”和“编辑（&E）”来加入快捷键
2.子菜单可以通过在动作编辑器**中添加快捷键、图标等
3.默认无工具栏，工具栏通过鼠标右击添加
4.工具栏中图标的添加方式：在动作编辑器中新建一个Action，并修改图标等信息，将其拖入工具栏
在这里插入图片描述

文中示例设置了四个动作：

二、在主窗口中加载其他子窗口
应用场景：在主界面中显示新的子界面
原理：将子窗口实例作为主窗口中的一个元素，在特定条件下通过调用addWeidget方法添加到Layout中，再通过show()方法显示该窗口即可。

-- coding: utf-8 --

Form implementation generated from reading ui file ‘MainForm2.ui’

Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6

WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
MainWindow.setObjectName(“MainWindow”)
MainWindow.resize(391, 500)
self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
self.centralwidget.setObjectName(“centralwidget”)
self.gridLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.gridLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(-1, -1, 611, 441))
self.gridLayoutWidget.setObjectName(“gridLayoutWidget”)
self.MaingridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.gridLayoutWidget)
self.MaingridLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
self.MaingridLayout.setObjectName(“MaingridLayout”)
MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 391, 23))
self.menubar.setObjectName(“menubar”)
self.menu = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)
self.menu.setObjectName(“menu”)
self.menu_E = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)
self.menu_E.setObjectName(“menu_E”)
MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
self.statusbar.setObjectName(“statusbar”)
MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
self.toolBar = QtWidgets.QToolBar(MainWindow)
self.toolBar.setObjectName(“toolBar”)
MainWindow.addToolBar(QtCore.Qt.TopToolBarArea, self.toolBar)
self.fileOpenAction = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
self.fileOpenAction.setObjectName(“fileOpenAction”)
self.fileNewAction = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
self.fileNewAction.setObjectName(“fileNewAction”)
self.fileCloseAction = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
self.fileCloseAction.setObjectName(“fileCloseAction”)
self.addWinAction = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
self.addWinAction.setObjectName(“addWinAction”)
self.menu.addAction(self.fileOpenAction)
self.menu.addAction(self.fileNewAction)
self.menu.addAction(self.fileCloseAction)
self.menubar.addAction(self.menu.menuAction())
self.menubar.addAction(self.menu_E.menuAction())
self.toolBar.addAction(self.addWinAction)

    self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
    QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
    _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
    MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
    self.menu.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "文件(&F)"))
    self.menu_E.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "编辑(&E)"))
    self.toolBar.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "toolBar"))
    self.fileOpenAction.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "打开"))
    self.fileOpenAction.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "Alt+O"))
    self.fileNewAction.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "新建"))
    self.fileNewAction.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "Alt+N"))
    self.fileCloseAction.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "关闭"))
    self.fileCloseAction.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "Alt+C"))
    self.addWinAction.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "添加窗体"))

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'MainForm2.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MainWindow(object):
    def setupUi(self, MainWindow):
        MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")
        MainWindow.resize(391, 500)
        self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)
        self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")
        self.gridLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.gridLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(-1, -1, 611, 441))
        self.gridLayoutWidget.setObjectName("gridLayoutWidget")
        self.MaingridLayout = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.gridLayoutWidget)
        self.MaingridLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.MaingridLayout.setObjectName("MaingridLayout")
        MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)
        self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)
        self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 391, 23))
        self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")
        self.menu = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)
        self.menu.setObjectName("menu")
        self.menu_E = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)
        self.menu_E.setObjectName("menu_E")
        MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)
        self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)
        self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")
        MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)
        self.toolBar = QtWidgets.QToolBar(MainWindow)
        self.toolBar.setObjectName("toolBar")
        MainWindow.addToolBar(QtCore.Qt.TopToolBarArea, self.toolBar)
        self.fileOpenAction = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.fileOpenAction.setObjectName("fileOpenAction")
        self.fileNewAction = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.fileNewAction.setObjectName("fileNewAction")
        self.fileCloseAction = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.fileCloseAction.setObjectName("fileCloseAction")
        self.addWinAction = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)
        self.addWinAction.setObjectName("addWinAction")
        self.menu.addAction(self.fileOpenAction)
        self.menu.addAction(self.fileNewAction)
        self.menu.addAction(self.fileCloseAction)
        self.menubar.addAction(self.menu.menuAction())
        self.menubar.addAction(self.menu_E.menuAction())
        self.toolBar.addAction(self.addWinAction)

        self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)

    def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))
        self.menu.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "文件(&F)"))
        self.menu_E.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "编辑(&E)"))
        self.toolBar.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "toolBar"))
        self.fileOpenAction.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "打开"))
        self.fileOpenAction.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "Alt+O"))
        self.fileNewAction.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "新建"))
        self.fileNewAction.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "Alt+N"))
        self.fileCloseAction.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "关闭"))
        self.fileCloseAction.setShortcut(_translate("MainWindow", "Alt+C"))
        self.addWinAction.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "添加窗体"))

2.子窗口的ui：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'ChildrenForm2.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_ChildrenForm(object):
    def setupUi(self, ChildrenForm):
        ChildrenForm.setObjectName("ChildrenForm")
        ChildrenForm.resize(454, 380)
        ChildrenForm.setStyleSheet("")
        self.textEdit = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(ChildrenForm)
        self.textEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 431, 361))
        self.textEdit.setObjectName("textEdit")

        self.retranslateUi(ChildrenForm)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(ChildrenForm)

    def retranslateUi(self, ChildrenForm):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        ChildrenForm.setWindowTitle(_translate("ChildrenForm", "Form"))
        self.textEdit.setHtml(_translate("ChildrenForm", "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">\n"
"<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n"
"p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n"
"</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'SimSun\'; font-size:9pt; font-weight:400; font-style:normal;\">\n"
"<p style=\" margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\">我是子窗口的内容</p></body></html>"))

3.界面：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QWidget, QFileDialog
from MainForm2 import Ui_MainWindow
from ChildrenForm2 import Ui_ChildrenForm


class MainForm(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super(MainForm, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)

        # self.child = children()生成子窗口实例self.child
        self.child = ChildrenForm()

        # 菜单的点击事件，当点击关闭菜单时连接槽函数 close()
        self.fileCloseAction.triggered.connect(self.close)
        # 菜单的点击事件，当点击打开菜单时连接槽函数 openMsg()
        self.fileOpenAction.triggered.connect(self.openMsg)

        # 点击actionTst,子窗口就会显示在主窗口的MaingridLayout中
        self.addWinAction.triggered.connect(self.childShow)

    def childShow(self):
        # 添加子窗口
        self.MaingridLayout.addWidget(self.child)
        self.child.show()

    def openMsg(self):
        file, ok = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, "打开", "C:/", "All Files (*);;Text Files (*.txt)")
        # 在状态栏显示文件地址
        self.statusbar.showMessage(file)


class ChildrenForm(QWidget, Ui_ChildrenForm):
    def __init__(self):
        super(ChildrenForm, self).__init__()
        self.setupUi(self)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    win = MainForm()
    win.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())

在这里插入图片描述

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pyqt5-菜单栏与工具栏

《PyQt5快速开发与实践》笔记一、界面设计使用Qtdesigner设计包含菜单栏和工具栏的界面。小知识：1.菜单栏中，对于一级菜单，可以通过输入**“文件（&F）”和“编辑（&E）”来加入快捷键2.子菜单可以通过在动作编辑器**中添加快捷键、图标等3.默认无工具栏，工具栏通过鼠标右击添加4.工具栏中图标的添加方式：在动作编辑器中新建一个Action，并修改图标等信息，将其拖入工具栏文中示例设置了四个动作：二、在主窗口中加载其他子窗口应用场景：在主界面中显示新的子界
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