SQL中的null问题汇总

1. 比较操作符 with null
   任何值和NULL使用比较运算符（>,<,>=,<=,<>,=）或者(in, not in, any/some, all)比较时，返回值都为NULL
2. in / not in with null

select * from test;
+------+------+	
| a    | b    |	
+------+------+	
|    1 |    1 |	
|    1 | NULL |	
| NULL | NULL |	
+------+------+

mysql> select * from test1 where a in (null);	
Empty set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from test1 where a in (null,1);	
+------+------+	
| a    | b    |	
+------+------+	
|    1 |    1 |	
|    1 | NULL |	
+------+------+	
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
-- 当in和null比较时，无法查询出为null的记录

mysql> select * from test1 where a not in (1);	
Empty set (0.00 sec)	
mysql> select * from test1 where a not in (null);	
Empty set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from test1 where a not in (null,2);	
Empty set (0.00 sec)	
mysql> select * from test1 where a not in (2);	
+------+------+	
| a    | b    |	
+------+------+	
|    1 |    1 |	
|    1 | NULL |	
+------+------+	
2 rows in set (0.00 sec）
-- 当not in后面有null值时，不论什么情况下，整个sql的查询结果都为空

3. min/ max with null
4. sum/ count with null
   sum的列中有null时返回null； count的列中有null时不计数
5. order by with null
   null 会参与排序，且被当成是无穷小的数参与排序
6. window function with null
   同上，且针对rank 和 dense_rank null值会被赋予同样的排序值
7. concat with null
   concat(1, null)返回null
8. group by with nulln
   null 行会正常参与分组