嵌入式程序调试与opencv图像库

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-12 11:05:41 发布

小李小李187

最新推荐文章于 2021-10-12 11:05:41 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42985179/article/details/109312065

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嵌入式程序调试与opencv图像库

在Ubuntu系统上练习程序代码的GDB调试

在Ubuntu系统上练习程序代码的GDB调试

构建一个函数实现对一个整型数的反转功能，比如输入123，则输出321。

lee@ubuntu:~$ vi RevertNum.c

其中代码

#include <stdio.h>
void ShowRevertNum(int iNum)
{
 while (iNum > 10)
 {
printf("%d", iNum % 10);
 iNum = iNum / 10;
 }
 printf("%d\n", iNum);
}
int main(void)
{
 int iNum;
 printf("Please input a number :");
 scanf("%d", &iNum);
 printf("After revert : ");
 ShowRevertNum(iNum);
}

发现输入100时，程序的输出结果却不正确

进行gdb调试排查问题

lee@ubuntu:~$ gcc -o RevertNum -g RevertNum.c

lee@ubuntu:~$ gdb RevertNum
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 8.1-0ubuntu3) 8.1.0.20180409-git
Copyright (C) 2018 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.  Type "show copying"
and "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "x86_64-linux-gnu".
Type "show configuration" for configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/>.
For help, type "help".
Type "apropos word" to search for commands related to "word"...
Reading symbols from RevertNum...done.

显示代码及行号

(gdb) l

1	#include <stdio.h>
2	void ShowRevertNum(int iNum)
3	{
4	 while (iNum > 10)
5	 {
6	printf("%d", iNum % 10);
7	 iNum = iNum / 10;
8	 }
9	 printf("%d\n", iNum);
10	}

(gdb) list

11	int main(void)
12	{
13	 int iNum;
14	 printf("Please input a number :");
15	 scanf("%d", &iNum);
16	 printf("After revert : ");
17	 ShowRevertNum(iNum);
18	}

通过行号设置断点

(gdb) b 16
Breakpoint 1 at 0x7d7: file RevertNum.c, line 16.

通过函数名设置断点

(gdb) b ShowRevertNum
Breakpoint 2 at 0x725: file RevertNum.c, line 4.

查看所有断点信息

(gdb) info b
Num     Type           Disp Enb Address            What
1       breakpoint     keep y   0x00000000000007d7 in main at RevertNum.c:16
2       breakpoint     keep y   0x0000000000000725 in ShowRevertNum 
                                                   at RevertNum.c:4

执行程序（输入100）

(gdb) run
Starting program: /home/lee/RevertNum 
Please input a number :100

Breakpoint 1, main () at RevertNum.c:16
16	 printf("After revert : ");

查看iNum类型

(gdb) whatis iNum
type = int

(gdb) print iNum
$1 = 100

继续执行

gdb) c
Continuing.

Breakpoint 2, ShowRevertNum (iNum=100) at RevertNum.c:4
4	 while (iNum > 10)

打印iNum的值

(gdb) p iNum
$2 = 100

单步调试

(gdb) s
6	printf("%d", iNum % 10);
(gdb) s
__printf (format=0x555555554894 "%d") at printf.c:28
28	printf.c: 没有那个文件或目录.

opencv

ubantu16安装并配置oepncv3.4.1

进入官网https://opencv.org/releases/#找到对应版本选择下载sources
将下载的zip文件复制到主目录
在终端中解压zip

lee@ubuntu:~$ unzip opencv-3.4.1.zip

进入文件夹

lee@ubuntu:~$ cd opencv-3.4.1

安装cmake

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1$ sudo apt-get install cmake

安装依赖库

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1$ sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg.dev libtiff5.dev libswscale-dev libjasper-dev

出现报错

正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树       
正在读取状态信息... 完成       
注意，根据正则表达式 'libjpeg.dev' 选中了 'libjpeg-dev'
注意，根据正则表达式 'libtiff5.dev' 选中了 'libtiff5-dev'
E: 无法定位软件包 libjasper-dev

解决：

sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main"
sudo apt update
sudo apt install libjasper1 libjasper-dev

再次输入安装依赖库代码，可以发现以及安装成功

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1$ sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg.dev libtiff5.dev libswscale-dev libjasper-dev  
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树       
正在读取状态信息... 完成       
注意，根据正则表达式 'libjpeg.dev' 选中了 'libjpeg-dev'
注意，根据正则表达式 'libtiff5.dev' 选中了 'libtiff5-dev'
build-essential 已经是最新版 (12.4ubuntu1)。
libgtk2.0-dev 已经是最新版 (2.24.32-1ubuntu1)。
libjpeg-dev 已经是最新版 (8c-2ubuntu8)。
libtiff5-dev 已经是最新版 (4.0.9-5ubuntu0.3)。
libavcodec-dev 已经是最新版 (7:3.4.8-0ubuntu0.2)。
libavformat-dev 已经是最新版 (7:3.4.8-0ubuntu0.2)。
libswscale-dev 已经是最新版 (7:3.4.8-0ubuntu0.2)。
libjasper-dev 已经是最新版 (1.900.1-debian1-2.4ubuntu1.2)。
升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 0 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 131 个软件包未被升级。

创建编译文件夹

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1$ mkdir my_build_dir

进入文件夹进行配置

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1$ cd my_build_dir

进行cmake

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/my_build_dir$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

编译

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/my_build_dir$ sudo make

下载完成

[100%] Building CXX object apps/interactive-calibration/CMakeFiles/opencv_interactive-calibration.dir/main.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object apps/interactive-calibration/CMakeFiles/opencv_interactive-calibration.dir/parametersController.cpp.o
[100%] Building CXX object apps/interactive-calibration/CMakeFiles/opencv_interactive-calibration.dir/rotationConverters.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_interactive-calibration
[100%] Built target opencv_interactive-calibration
Scanning dependencies of target opencv_version
[100%] Building CXX object apps/version/CMakeFiles/opencv_version.dir/opencv_version.cpp.o
[100%] Linking CXX executable ../../bin/opencv_version
[100%] Built target opencv_version

执行命令

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/my_build_dir$ sudo make install

将opencv的库添加到路径，出现一个空白文件，在文件末尾编辑写入/usr/local/lib

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/my_build_dir$ sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf

使路径生效

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/my_build_dir$ sudo ldconfig

配装bash，在打开的文件末尾编辑写入PKG_CONFIG_PATH=$PKG_CONFIG_PATH:/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/my_build_dir$ sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

使配置生效

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/my_build_dir$ source /etc/bash.bashrc

更新

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/my_build_dir$ sudo updatedb

至此所有配置完成

编写一个打开图片进行特效显示的代码 test1.cpp

在opencv-3.4.1下新建文件夹mytest

lee@ubuntu:~$ cd opencv-3.4.1
lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1$ mkdir mytest

创建text.cpp

touch test.cpp

进入编程

sudo gedit  /test.cpp
#sudo vim /test.cpp
#根据自己配置编辑器进行编辑

源码

#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
	CvPoint center;
    double scale = -3; 

	IplImage* image = cvLoadImage("lena.jpg");
	argc == 2? cvLoadImage(argv[1]) : 0;
	
	cvShowImage("Image", image);
	
	
	if (!image) return -1; 	center = cvPoint(image->width / 2, image->height / 2);
	for (int i = 0;i<image->height;i++)
		for (int j = 0;j<image->width;j++) {
			double dx = (double)(j - center.x) / center.x;
			double dy = (double)(i - center.y) / center.y;
			double weight = exp((dx*dx + dy*dy)*scale);
			uchar* ptr = &CV_IMAGE_ELEM(image, uchar, i, j * 3);
			ptr[0] = cvRound(ptr[0] * weight);
			ptr[1] = cvRound(ptr[1] * weight);
			ptr[2] = cvRound(ptr[2] * weight);
		}

	Mat src;Mat dst;
	src = cvarrToMat(image);
	cv::imwrite("test.png", src);

    cvNamedWindow("test",1);  	imshow("test", src);
	 cvWaitKey();
	 return 0;
}

将一张图片复制到mytest，将名字改为lena.jpg

编译

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/mytest$ g++ /test.cpp -o test `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv`

执行

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/mytest$ ./test

弹出处理后的图片
在这里插入图片描述

摄像头

创建lt.cpp

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/mytest$ touch lt.cpp

进入编程

lee@ubuntu:~/opencv-3.4.1/mytest$ sudo gedit /lt.cpp

源代码

 /*********************************************************************
打开电脑摄像头，空格控制视频录制，ESC退出并保存视频RecordVideo.avi
*********************************************************************/
#include<iostream>
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<opencv2/core/core.hpp>
#include<opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
using namespace cv;
using namespace std;

int main()
{
	//打开电脑摄像头
	VideoCapture cap(0);
	if (!cap.isOpened())
	{
		cout << "error" << endl;
		waitKey(0);
		return 0;
	}

	//获得cap的分辨率
	int w = static_cast<int>(cap.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH));
	int h = static_cast<int>(cap.get(CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT));
	Size videoSize(w, h);
	VideoWriter writer("RecordVideo.avi", CV_FOURCC('M', 'J', 'P', 'G'), 25, videoSize);
	
	Mat frame;
	int key;//记录键盘按键
	char startOrStop = 1;//0  开始录制视频； 1 结束录制视频
	char flag = 0;//正在录制标志 0-不在录制； 1-正在录制

	while (1)
	{
		cap >> frame;
		key = waitKey(100);
		if (key == 32)//按下空格开始录制、暂停录制   可以来回切换
		{
			startOrStop = 1 - startOrStop;
			if (startOrStop == 0)
			{
				flag = 1;
			}
		}
		if (key == 27)//按下ESC退出整个程序，保存视频文件到磁盘
		{
			break;
		}

		if (startOrStop == 0 && flag==1)
		{
			writer << frame;
			cout << "recording" << endl;
		}
		else if (startOrStop == 1)
		{
			flag = 0;
			cout << "end recording" << endl;
			
		}
		imshow("picture", frame);
	}
	cap.release();
	writer.release();
	destroyAllWindows();
	return 0;
}

编译并执行

g++ lt.cpp -o lt `pkg-config --cflags --libs opencv`
./lt

主目录出现一个视频

小李小李187

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嵌入式程序调试与opencv图像库

嵌入式程序调试与opencv图像库在Ubuntu系统上练习程序代码的GDB调试opencvubantu16安装并配置oepncv3.4.1编写一个打开图片进行特效显示的代码 test1.cpp在Ubuntu系统上练习程序代码的GDB调试构建一个函数实现对一个整型数的反转功能，比如输入123，则输出321。lee@ubuntu:~$ vi RevertNum.c其中代码#include <stdio.h>void ShowRevertNum(int iNum){ while (i
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