GO中map的定义与使用

1. 定义：使用的时候需要进行初始化 要么直接赋值，要么使用make进行初始化

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    
    var strMap map [string] string = make(map[string]string)
    strMap["k1"]="v1"
    strMap["k2"]="v2"
    strMap["k3"]="v3"
    fmt.Printf("%v\n",strMap)
    
    for key,_ := range strMap{
        fmt.Printf("%v\n",strMap[key])    
    }
}

2. 切片和map的变量声明

var a []int = make([]int,2,10)
 var a = []int{1,2,3}

 var b map[string]string = make(map[string]string)
 var b  = map[string]string{
    "k1":"v1",
    "k2":"v2",
 }

2. map的增删改查

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    
    var strMap map[string]string = make(map[string]string)
    
    //新增
    strMap["k1"] = "v1"
    strMap["k2"] = "v2"
    strMap["k3"] = "v3"
    strMap["k4"] = "v4"
    
    //修改
    strMap["k1"] = "k1v1"
    
    //删除
    delete(strMap,"k2")
    
    //查询
    for key,value := range strMap{
        fmt.Printf("key:%v,value:%v\n",key,value)
    }
}

3. map中有切片

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    
    var strMap map[string][]int = make(map[string][]int)
    var intS1  = []int{1,2,3}
    var intS2  = []int{2,3,4}
    
    //新增
    strMap["k1"] = intS1
    strMap["k2"] = intS2
    
    
    
    //查询
    for key,value := range strMap{
        fmt.Printf("key:%v,value:%v\n",key,value)
    }
}

4. 切片中有map

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    
    strMap1 := map[string]string{
        "k1":"v1",
        "k2":"v2",
    } 
    
    strMap2 := map[string]string{
        "k3":"v3",
        "k4":"v4",
    }
    
    var s = []map[string]string{strMap1,strMap2}
    
    
    
    //查询
    for key,value := range s{
        fmt.Printf("key:%v,value:%v\n",key,value)
    }
}

5. 按照指定顺序遍历map

func main() {
	rand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano()) //初始化随机数种子

	var scoreMap = make(map[string]int, 200)

	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
		key := fmt.Sprintf("stu%02d", i) //生成stu开头的字符串
		value := rand.Intn(100)          //生成0~99的随机整数
		scoreMap[key] = value
	}
	//取出map中的所有key存入切片keys
	var keys = make([]string, 0, 200)
	for key := range scoreMap {
		keys = append(keys, key)
	}
	//对切片进行排序
	sort.Strings(keys)
	//按照排序后的key遍历map
	for _, key := range keys {
		fmt.Println(key, scoreMap[key])
	}
}