C#实现Gauss列主元消去法

一、目的

1、掌握高斯列主元消去法基础原理
2、掌握高斯列主元消去法解方程组的步骤
3、能用程序语言对Gauss列主元消去法进行编程实现

二、代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;


namespace 高斯列主元
{
    class Program
    {
        //行互换
        static void Exchange(int k,int ik,int n,double[,]a2)
        {
            if (k == ik)
                return;
           for(int j=k;j<=n+1;j++)
            {
                double t = a2[k, j];
                a2[k, j] = a2[ik, j];
                a2[ik, j] = t;
            }
        }
        //找主元
        static int FindMaxKCol(int k,int n,double[,]a)
        {
            int ik = k;
            double max =Math.Abs( a[k, k]);
            for(int i=k+1;i<=n;i++)
            {
                if(max<Math.Abs(a[i,k]))
                {
                    ik = i;
                    max = Math.Abs(a[i, k]);
                }
            }
            return ik;
        }
        //输入
        static void Input(ref int n,ref double[,] a2)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("请输入方程的阶数");
            n = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
            a2 = new double[n + 1, n + 2];
            //  x=new double[n+1];
            Console.WriteLine("请输入方程的系数");
            for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
            {
                string r = Console.ReadLine();
                string[] rs = r.Split(' ');
                for (int j=1; j<=n+1; j++)
                {
                    a2[i, j] = double.Parse(rs[j - 1]);
                }
            }
        }

        //输出A
        static void OutputA( int n,  double[,] a)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("A[i,j]如下");
            for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)
            {
            for (int j = 1; j <= n+1; j++) 
            {
                Console.Write("{0,8:f2}", a[i, j]);
            }
                Console.WriteLine();
            }
        }
   

          
        //消元
        static void CalcuA(int n,ref double[,]a)
        {
            for(int k=1;k<=n-1;k++)
            {  //找主元
                int ik = FindMaxKCol(k, n, a);
                //行互换
                Exchange(k, ik, n, a);
                for (int i=k+1;i<=n;i++)
                {
                    double lik = a[i, k] / a[k, k];
                    for (int j=k+1;j<=n+1;j++)
                    {
                        a[i, j] = a[i, j] - lik * a[k, j];
                    }
                    a[i, k] = 0;
                }
            }
            Console.WriteLine("消元过程");
        }

        static void CalcuX(int n, double[,] a, ref double[] x)
        {
            x = new double[n + 1];
           //正在计算回代过程
            for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
            {
                double sum = 0;
                for (int j = i + 1; j <= n; j++)
                {
                    sum += a[i, j] * x[j];
                }
                x[i] = (a[i, n + 1] - sum) / a[i, i];
            }
            
        }



        static void OutputX(double[] x)
        {
            int n = x.Length - 1;
            Console.WriteLine("方程解如下");
            for(int i=1;i<=n; i++)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("X[{0}]={1,8:f2}", i, x[i]);
            }
        }
        
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
           
            int n = 0;
            double[,] a = null;
            double[] x = null;
            Input(ref n, ref a);
            OutputA(n, a);
            //消元
            CalcuA(n, ref a);
            OutputA(n, a);
            CalcuX(n, a, ref x);
            OutputX(x);
            Console.Read();
        }
    }
}

三、程序运行截图