今天用Spring boot编写一个文件上传功能,本来自信满满,觉得简单,实际做起来发现报各种错,百度上的好多解决办法都是复制粘贴,没一个靠谱的,经过我的东凑西补最终完美实现上传功能。
一、导入jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
二、编写上传类
package com.xiateng.util;
import com.xiateng.dao.user.TPictureMapper;
import com.xiateng.entity.TPicture;
import com.xiateng.entity.TUser;
import com.xiateng.interceptor.SessionInterceptor;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;
import org.json.JSONObject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;
import javax.jws.WebService;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 图片上传代码
* Created by Administrator on 2020/11/15.
*/
@WebServlet(urlPatterns = "/uploadServlet")
public class UploadServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Autowired
private TPictureMapper tPictureMapper;
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SessionInterceptor.class);
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
/**
* @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
*/
public UploadServlet() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
@Override
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.init();
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doGet(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse
* response)
*/
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Origin","http://localhost:3000");
response.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Credentials", "true");
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8"); // 设置编码
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 获得磁盘文件条目工厂
DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
// 如果没以下两行设置的话,上传大的 文件 会占用 很多内存,
// 设置暂时存放的 存储室 , 这个存储室,可以和 最终存储文件 的目录不同
/**
* 原理 它是先存到 暂时存储室,然后在真正写到 对应目录的硬盘上, 按理来说 当上传一个文件时,其实是上传了两份,第一个是以 .tem
* 格式的 然后再将其真正写到 对应目录的硬盘上
*/
factory.setRepository(new File(StaticConst.TEMP_FOLDER1));
// 设置 缓存的大小,当上传文件的容量超过该缓存时,直接放到 暂时存储室
factory.setSizeThreshold(1024 * 1024);
// 高水平的API文件上传处理
ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
try {
// 提交上来的信息都在这个list里面
// 这意味着可以上传多个文件
// 请自行组织代码
List<FileItem> list = upload.parseRequest(request);
// 获取上传的文件
FileItem item = getUploadFileItem(list);
// 获取文件名
String filename = getUploadFileName(item);
// 保存后的文件名
String saveName = new Date().getTime() + "_"+filename;
logger.info("保存后的文件名:" + saveName);
// 保存后图片的浏览器访问路径
String picUrl = StaticConst.PATH_FOLDER1.replace("\\","/")+"/"+saveName;
logger.info("存放目录:" + StaticConst.PATH_FOLDER1);
logger.info("文件名:" + filename);
logger.info("浏览器访问路径:" + picUrl);
// 真正写到磁盘上
item.write(new File(StaticConst.PATH_FOLDER1, saveName)); // 第三方提供的
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
logger.info("{");
logger.info("uploadedFile:"+ "\"" + filename + "\"");
logger.info(",uploadedFileGetUrl:\"" + picUrl + "\"");
logger.info("}");
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
result.put("uploadedFile", filename);
result.put("code",200);
result.put("uploadedFileGetUrl", picUrl);
writer.write(result.toString());
writer.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
private FileItem getUploadFileItem(List<FileItem> list) {
for (FileItem fileItem : list) {
if (!fileItem.isFormField()) {
return fileItem;
}
}
return null;
}
private String getUploadFileName(FileItem item) {
// 获取路径名
String value = item.getName();
System.out.println(value + ":value");
// 索引到最后一个反斜杠
int start = value.lastIndexOf("/");
// 截取 上传文件的 字符串名字,加1是 去掉反斜杠,
String filename = value.substring(start + 1);
return filename;
}
/**
* @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse
* response)
*/
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(request, response);
}
}
这一步需要注意:ServletFileUpload 跟 DiskFileItemFactory 类别引错包了,要用commons-fileupload包里的,
我开始一直报错:nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/commons/fileupload/disk/DiskFileItemFactory,报错原因是我用的tomcat-embed-core里的类
静态常量类:
public class StaticConst {
public static final String PATH_FOLDER = "F:\\uploadImage\\tengJun";
public static final String TEMP_FOLDER = "F:\\uploadImage\\preFile";
public static final String PATH_FOLDER1 = "D:\\uploadImage\\tengJun";
public static final String TEMP_FOLDER1 = "D:\\uploadImage\\preFile";
}
第三步:启动类添加servlet注解扫描
第四步:前端代码
<input type="file" class="form-control" id="fileCont" name="file" >
<script>
$('#fileCont').on('change',function(){
var fileObj = $(this)[0].files[0];
var formFile = new FormData();
//加入文件对象,向接口传入两个参数file,id
formFile.append("file", fileObj);
$.ajax({
url:"/uploadServlet",
data: formFile,
type: "POST",
dataType: "json",
//上传文件无需缓存
cache: false,
//用于对data参数进行序列化处理 这里必须false
processData: false,
//必须
contentType: false,
success: function (res) {
if(res.code === 200){
alert("成功");
}else{
alert("失败");
}
},
})
})
</script>
大功告成!!!