List.of()的坑——不能够序列化

List.of()的坑——不能够序列化

场景：在dubbo接口中返回了空集合是使用了List.of() 方法创建了个空的集合，放入到响应数据中

报错信息如下：

Exception in thread "main" com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.HessianFieldException: com.demo.SerializeTest$ResponseDto.data: java.util.CollSer:java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer.logDeserializeError(JavaDeserializer.java:168)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer$ObjectFieldDeserializer.deserialize(JavaDeserializer.java:415)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer.readObject(JavaDeserializer.java:277)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer.readObject(JavaDeserializer.java:204)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObjectInstance(Hessian2Input.java:2848)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2175)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2104)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2148)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2104)
	at org.apache.dubbo.common.serialize.hessian2.Hessian2ObjectInput.readObject(Hessian2ObjectInput.java:101)
	at com.demo.SerializeTest.main(SerializeTest.java:32)
Caused by: com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.IOExceptionWrapper: java.util.CollSer:java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer.readObject(JavaDeserializer.java:291)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer.readObject(JavaDeserializer.java:204)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.SerializerFactory.readObject(SerializerFactory.java:548)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObjectInstance(Hessian2Input.java:2850)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2773)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2308)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2747)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2308)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2110)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.Hessian2Input.readObject(Hessian2Input.java:2104)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer$ObjectFieldDeserializer.deserialize(JavaDeserializer.java:411)
	... 9 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer.resolve(JavaDeserializer.java:300)
	at com.alibaba.com.caucho.hessian.io.JavaDeserializer.readObject(JavaDeserializer.java:282)
	... 19 more
Caused by: java.io.InvalidObjectException: null array
	at java.base/java.util.CollSer.readResolve(ImmutableCollections.java:1091)
	... 25 more

Process finished with exit code 1

从报错信息中发现使用了Hessian2Input.readObject()方法时报错，模拟下报错的场景，复现下问题
模拟代码：

import com.tianrui.base.response.ResponseDTO;
import lombok.Data;
import org.apache.dubbo.common.serialize.hessian2.Hessian2ObjectInput;
import org.apache.dubbo.common.serialize.hessian2.Hessian2ObjectOutput;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class SerializeTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
        // m1();
        List<Student> data = List.of();
        // data = new ArrayList<>();
        ResponseDto<List<Student>> responseDto = new ResponseDto<>(data);

        ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        Hessian2ObjectOutput hessian2ObjectOutput = new Hessian2ObjectOutput(byteArrayOutputStream);
        hessian2ObjectOutput.writeObject(responseDto);
        hessian2ObjectOutput.flushBuffer();
        var s = new Hessian2ObjectInput(new ByteArrayInputStream(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray())).readObject(responseDto.getClass());

        System.out.println(s);

    }

    @Data
    public static class ResponseDto<T> implements Serializable {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = -2354066777812251826L;

        private T data;

        public ResponseDto(T data) {
            this.data = data;
        }
    }

    @Data
    public static class Student implements Serializable{
        private static final long serialVersionUID = 6322616407817236979L;
        private String name;

        public Student(String name) {
            this.name = name;
        }
    }
}

当List data 使用 List.of() 赋值一个空集合时，报错信息复现，使用 new ArrayList<>() 的方式赋值一个空集合时，报错消失。问题解决了，比较下 List.of() 和 new ArrayList<>() 有什么区别？

List.of() 源码

    static <E> List<E> of() {
        return ImmutableCollections.emptyList();
    }

ImmutableCollections.emptyList()的源码：

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    static <E> List<E> emptyList() {
        return (List<E>) ListN.EMPTY_LIST;
    }

(List) ListN.EMPTY_LIST; 源码：

    static final class ListN<E> extends AbstractImmutableList<E>
            implements Serializable {

        static final List<?> EMPTY_LIST = new ListN<>();

        @Stable
        private final E[] elements;

static final List<?> EMPTY_LIST = new ListN<>(); 源码；
这个 ListN 的类虽然实现了 Serializable 序列化接口，但是并没有 声明 serialVersionUID，因此无法进行序列化
在看下ArrrayList的源码