中文乱码问题:
乱码问题一般都是传递数据时,没有设置固定的编码所导致的中文乱码问题,一般的解决思路都是通过过滤器进行解决,规定前台和后台的编码格式
解决思路:
Servlet中的原来的中文乱码解决思路(非重点):
- 通过过滤器进行解决:
创建自定义过滤器类,实现Filter接口
public class EncodingFiliter implements Filter {
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
servletRequest.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
servletResponse.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse);
}
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
在web.xml加入我们所写的过滤器
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>自定义的编码类</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
传递消息的方法为:Get,对于post请求不支持
SpringMVC中提供了已经配置好的过滤器只需要在web.xml中配置即可:
<!-- 配置Spring的乱码过滤器-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
缺点:这个配置的过滤器,对于get请求支持不够好
终极解决方案,用于实在解决不了乱码问题时:
- 查看本地的tomcat的配置文件:设置编码格式
- 找到自己本地的tomcat目录的config文件夹下的server.xml文件修改相应的字段
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443"
URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
- 自定义过滤器(转载):吾愿称之最强
/**
* 解决get和post请求 全部乱码的过滤器
*/
public class GenericEncodingFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
//处理response的字符编码
HttpServletResponse myResponse=(HttpServletResponse) response;
myResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 转型为与协议相关对象
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
// 对request包装增强
HttpServletRequest myrequest = new MyRequest(httpServletRequest);
chain.doFilter(myrequest, response);
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
}
//自定义request对象,HttpServletRequest的包装类
class MyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
private HttpServletRequest request;
//是否编码的标记
private boolean hasEncode;
//定义一个可以传入HttpServletRequest对象的构造函数,以便对其进行装饰
public MyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
super(request);// super必须写
this.request = request;
}
// 对需要增强方法 进行覆盖
@Override
public Map getParameterMap() {
// 先获得请求方式
String method = request.getMethod();
if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("post")) {
// post请求
try {
// 处理post乱码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
return request.getParameterMap();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("get")) {
// get请求
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
if (!hasEncode) { // 确保get手动编码逻辑只运行一次
for (String parameterName : parameterMap.keySet()) {
String[] values = parameterMap.get(parameterName);
if (values != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
try {
// 处理get乱码
values[i] = new String(values[i]
.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
hasEncode = true;
}
return parameterMap;
}
return super.getParameterMap();
}
//取一个值
@Override
public String getParameter(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
if (values == null) {
return null;
}
return values[0]; // 取回参数的第一个值
}
//取所有值
@Override
public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
return values;
}
}
3.自定义过滤器完成后,按照第一种方法在web.xml中进行注册即可
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>自己包下的自定义的过滤器.GenericEncodingFilter </filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>