centos7.6.1810以及centos7.7.1908重装python和yum

给一个centos7的iso下载地址
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.7.1908/isos/x86_64/
详细的安装过程可参考以下博文地址：
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41976398/article/details/85758032
安装前注意你的centos版本要和下载的版本匹配
再给一个centos7.7.1908 的包下载地址：http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/

查看版本号

cat /etc/redhat-release

安装过程

卸载所有python环境和yum

1、删除现有Python
[root@test ~]# rpm -qa|grep python|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps ##强制删除已安装程序及其关联
[root@test ~]# whereis python |xargs rm -frv ##删除所有残余文件 ##xargs，允许你对输出执行其他某些命令
[root@test ~]# whereis python ##验证删除，返回无结果
2、删除现有的yum
[root@test ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -ev --allmatches --nodeps
[root@test ~]# whereis yum |xargs rm -frv

从http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/下载所有需要的安装包，注意按顺序下载:
创建目录python和yum用以存放rpm包

mkdir /usr/local/src/python

mkdir /usr/local/src/yum

cd /usr/local/src/python
下载所有的python包，这里安装完是2.7版本的，因为yum不支持python3.7
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-76.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-backports-1.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-backports-1.0-8.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-backports-ssl_match_hostname-3.5.0.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-backports-ssl_match_hostname-3.5.0.1-1.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-chardet-2.2.1-3.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/iniparser-3.1-5.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-ipaddress-1.0.16-2.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-ipaddress-1.0.16-2.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-libs-2.7.5-76.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-libs-2.7.5-86.el7.x86_64.rpm 

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-setuptools-0.9.8-7.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-9.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-9.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.3-35.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/rpm-python-4.11.3-40.el7.x86_64.rpm

cd /usr/local/src/yum
wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-161.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-aliases-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-aliases-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-protectbase-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-protectbase-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-utils-1.1.31-52.el7.noarch.rpm

wget http://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/os/x86_64/Packages/libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/libxml2-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm


wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm

cd /usr/local/src/python
rpm -ivh python-* rpm-python-*

安装完之后运行一下python查看是否工作正常

cd /usr/local/src/yum
rpm -ivh yum-* libxml*

安装yum报错：

下载这两个包（其他版本也是一样的，注意下载地址和包名） ：
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm
wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/centos/7.7.1908/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm

如果你下载了yum-3.4.3-163.el7.centos.noarch但是还是给你报错
那么执行：
rpm -ivh yum- libxml --force --nodeps**
即原本为 rpm -ivh *.rpm 现在改成 rpm -ivh *.rpm --force --nodeps就可以了。nodeps的意思是忽视依赖关系。因为各个软件之间会有多多少少的联系。有了这两个设置选项就忽略了这些依赖关系，强制安装或者卸载

同样执行完毕之后运行yum命令