定义
Spring Web MVC的处理器拦截器类似于Servlet开发中的过滤器Filter,用于对处理器进行预处理和后处理
代码
1.在springmvc中配置拦截器
2.自定义拦截器类实现HandlerInterceptor接口
preHandler(在请求处理的方法之前执行,如果返回true执行下一个拦截器,如果返回false就不执行下一个拦截器)
//如果返回false就不执行下一个拦截器)
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o) throws Exception {
return false;(开关:true代表放行,false代表不放行)
}
postHandler(在请求处理方法执行之后执行)
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
afterCompletion(在dispatcherServlet处理后执行,做清理工作)
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
}
注意
如果配置两个拦截器,这两个拦截器的执行顺序
如果拦截器1,2放行的顺序是
方法前1
方法前2
方法后2
方法后1
页面渲染后2
页面渲染后1
如果拦截器1不放行,2放行的顺序是
方法前1(后面不执行)
如果拦截器1放行,2不放行的顺序是
方法前1
方法前2
页面渲染后1
拦截器案例:验证用户是否登录(认证用户)
1. 实现思路
有一个登陆页面,需要写一个controller访问页面。
登陆页面有一提交表单的动作。需要在controller中处理。判断用户名密码是否正确。如果正确,向session中写入用户信息。返回登陆成功。
拦截用户请求,判断用户是否登陆。如果用户已经登陆。放行, 如果用户未登陆,跳转到登陆页面
2. 代码实现
1.编写controller
package com.david.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
//跳转到登陆页面
@RequestMapping("/jumplogin")
public String jumpLogin() throws Exception {
return "login";
}
//跳转到成功页面
@RequestMapping("/jumpSuccess")
public String jumpSuccess() throws Exception {
return "success";
}
//登陆提交
@RequestMapping("/login")
public String login(HttpSession session, String username, String pwd) throws Exception {
// 向session记录用户身份信息
System.out.println("接收前端==="+username);
session.setAttribute("user", username);
return "success";
}
//退出登陆
@RequestMapping("logout")
public String logout(HttpSession session) throws Exception {
// session 过期
session.invalidate();
return "login";
}
}
2.拦截器的编写
package com.david.interceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import java.io.IOException;
public class LoginInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 如果是登陆页面则放行
System.out.println("uri: " + request.getRequestURI());
if (request.getRequestURI().contains("login")) {
return true;
}
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
// 如果用户已登陆也放行
if(session.getAttribute("user") != null) {
return true;
}
// 用户没有登陆跳转到登陆页面
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
return false;
}
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
}
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception {
}
}
3.配置文件
<mvc:interceptor>
<mvc:mapping path="/**"/>
<bean id="loginInterceptor" class="com.david.interceptor.LoginInterceptor"/>
</mvc:interceptor>
4.前端–首页
<%--登录--%>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/jumplogin">登录</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/jumpSuccess">成功页面</a>
5.前端-登录页
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/login">
用户名:<input type="text" name="username"> <br>
密码: <input type="password" name="pwd"> <br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
6.登陆成功界面
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${user}
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/logout">注销</a>
</body>
</html>