Go学习:defer

defer的概念

defer调用再函数结束时发生,具体概念可以直接百度或者google详细搜索详细,这里主要是通过几个实例来对defer进行详解.

defer实例

实例1

package main

import "fmt"

func tryDefer() {
	defer fmt.Println(1)
	fmt.Println(2)
}

func main() {
	// 2
	// 1
	tryDefer()
}

实例2

package main

import "fmt"

func tryDefer() {
	defer fmt.Println(1)
	defer fmt.Println(2)
	fmt.Println(3)
}

func main() {
	// 3
	// 2
	// 1
	tryDefer()
}

实例3

package main

import "fmt"

func tryDefer() {
	defer fmt.Println(1)
	defer fmt.Println(2)
	fmt.Println(3)
	panic("error test")
	fmt.Println(4)
}

func main() {
	// 3
	// 2
	// 1
	// panic: error test
	tryDefer()
}

实例4

package main

import (
	"bufio"
	"fmt"
	"learngo/errhandling/fib"
	"os"
)

func writeFlie(fileName string) {
	file, err := os.Create(fileName)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	defer file.Close()

	writer := bufio.NewWriter(file)
	defer writer.Flush()
	f := fib.Fib()
	for i := 0; i < 20; i++ {
		fmt.Fprintln(writer,f())
	}
}

func main() {
	writeFlie("fib.text")
}

package fib

func Fib() func() int {
	a, b := 0, 1
	return func() int {
		a, b = b, a+b
		return a + b
	}
}

实例5

package main

import (
	"fmt"
)

func tryDefer1() {
	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
		defer fmt.Println(i)
		if i == 5 {
			panic("error test")
		}
	}
}

func main() {
	// 5
	// 4
	// 3
	// 2
	// 1
	// 0
	// panic: error test
	tryDefer1()
}

• defer调用确保调用再函数结束时发生
• 参数再defer语句时计算
• defer列表为后进先出

何时使用defer调用

• Open/Close
• Lock/Unlock
• PrintHeader/PrintFooter