解析IntegerCache

IntegerCache简介

介绍

    /**
     * Returns an {@code Integer} instance representing the specified
     * {@code int} value.  If a new {@code Integer} instance is not
     * required, this method should generally be used in preference to
     * the constructor {@link #Integer(int)}, as this method is likely
     * to yield significantly better space and time performance by
     * caching frequently requested values.
     *
     * This method will always cache values in the range -128 to 127,
     * inclusive, and may cache other values outside of this range.
     *
     * @param  i an {@code int} value.
     * @return an {@code Integer} instance representing {@code i}.
     * @since  1.5
     */
    public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
        if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
            return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
        return new Integer(i);
    }

​ 在Interger类中,存在⼀个静态内部类IntegerCache, 该类中存在⼀个Integer cache[],并且存在⼀ 个static块,会在加载类的时候执⾏,会将-128⾄127这些数字提前⽣成Integer对象,并缓存在cache数 组中,当我们在定义Integer数字时,会调⽤Integer的valueOf⽅法,valueOf⽅法会判断所定义的数字 是否在-128⾄127之间,如果存在则直接从cache数组中获取Integer对象,如果超过,则⽣成⼀个新的 Integer对象.

使用

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Integer a = 1000;
    Integer b = 1000;
    Integer c = 100;
    Integer d = 100;
    System.out.println(a == b);	//false
    System.out.println(c == d); //true
}

==号比较的是地址值;c和d使用到的是IntegerCache中的同一个地址值所以为true;a和b不在缓存范围内;使用的是构建函数Integer(int value),使用的是两个不同的地址值;所以为false

IntegerCache源码

    /**
     * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between
     * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
     *
     * The cache is initialized on first usage.  The size of the cache
     * may be controlled by the {@code -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size>} option.
     * During VM initialization, java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property
     * may be set and saved in the private system properties in the
     * sun.misc.VM class.
     */

    private static class IntegerCache {
        static final int low = -128;
        static final int high;
        static final Integer cache[];

        static {
            // high value may be configured by property
            int h = 127;
            String integerCacheHighPropValue =
                sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
            if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
                try {
                    int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
                    i = Math.max(i, 127);
                    // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
                    h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
                } catch( NumberFormatException nfe) {
                    // If the property cannot be parsed into an int, ignore it.
                }
            }
            high = h;

            cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
            int j = low;
            for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
                cache[k] = new Integer(j++);

            // range [-128, 127] must be interned (JLS7 5.1.7)
            assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
        }

        private IntegerCache() {}
    }

​ 源码中清楚的写到了high可以通过属性配置 (-XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=);并不一定是-128 ~ 127;只有再没有进行配置的时候才会是-128~127;

修改属性后使用

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Integer a = 1000;
    Integer b = 1000;
    Integer c = 100;
    Integer d = 100;
    System.out.println(a == b); //true
    System.out.println(c == d); //true
}