pip 命令报错 Fatal error in launcher: Unable to create process using ... ???? ???????

1）问题1

当我们使用 pip install auto-py-to-exe命令时，得到报错信息为 Fatal error in launcher: Unable to create process using '"d:\python\python.exe" "D:\pycharm\python\Scripts\pip3.exe" install auto-py-to-exe': ???? ???????

解决方案

1）切换到 pip 的安装目录，如D:\pycharm\python\Scripts
2）在此处打开 Powershell 窗口
3）执行python pip.exe install SomePackage进行安装
4）安装成功后执行 pip 仍报错，提示 pip 要升级
5）执行 python -m pip install --upgrade pip
6）升级成功后，再次执行 pip，就解决了

参考链接：解决Windows下python和pip命令无法使用的问题

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2）问题2

当我们使用 pip install auto-py-to-exe 来安装工具时，会出现如下的错误：

ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: 'c:\users\ea_e90434\appdata\local\programs\python\python37-32\python.exe' 'c:\users\ea_e90434\appdata\local\programs\python\python37-32\lib\site-packages\pip' install --ignore-installed --no-user --prefix 'C:\Us
ers\EA_E90~1\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-i1b74fjx\overlay' --no-warn-script-location --no-binary :none: --only-binary :none: -i https://pypi.org/simple --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org -- '
setuptools>=40.8.0' wheel
       cwd: None
  Complete output (8 lines):
  Collecting setuptools>=40.8.0
    WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x0648D210>: Fail
ed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/setuptools/
    WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x0648D270>: Fail
ed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/setuptools/
    WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x0648D350>: Fail
ed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/setuptools/
    WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x0648D3F0>: Fail
ed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/setuptools/
    WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x0648D470>: Fail
ed to establish a new connection: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed')': /simple/setuptools/
    ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement setuptools>=40.8.0 (from versions: none)
  ERROR: No matching distribution found for setuptools>=40.8.0

解决方案

关闭梯子，然后重新开始 pip install …

参考链接：Python 3.7 安装 auto-py-to-exe 模块在 Windows 上返回错误