遍历Map的几种方式

学习目标：

遍历Map的几种方式

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学习内容：

Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();
for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
    map.put("slot"+i, i*4+"-"+(i+1)*4);
}
System.out.println(map.toString());

//第一种：普遍使用，二次取值  取keys或values 时,效率最高
System.out.println("通过Map.keySet遍历key和value：");
for (String key : map.keySet()) {
    System.out.println("key= "+ key + " and value= " + map.get(key));
}

//第二种 迭代器
System.out.println("通过Map.entrySet使用iterator遍历key和value：");
Iterator<Map.Entry<String, String>> it = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
    Map.Entry<String, String> entry = it.next();
    System.out.println("key= " + entry.getKey() + " and value= " + entry.getValue());
}

//第三种：最常用，推荐，尤其是容量大时
System.out.println("通过Map.entrySet遍历key和value");
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : map.entrySet()) {
    System.out.println("key= " + entry.getKey() + " and value= " + entry.getValue());
}

//第四种 
System.out.println("通过Map.values()遍历所有的value，但不能遍历key");
for (String v : map.values()) {
    System.out.println("value= " + v);
}

System.out.println("======== java 8支持： forEach 效率最低 ==========");
map.forEach( (key,value) -> {System.out.println("Key = " + key+ ", Value = "+ value);} );

System.out.println("======== java 8支持： stream ForEach 流式 ==========");
map.entrySet().stream().forEach( (entry) -> System.out.println("Key = " + entry.getKey()+ ", Value = "+ entry.getValue()));
map.entrySet().stream().forEach( System.out::println);

遍历结果：

{slot5=20-24, slot4=16-20, slot3=12-16, slot2=8-12, slot1=4-8, slot0=0-4}
通过Map.keySet遍历key和value：
key= slot5 and value= 20-24
key= slot4 and value= 16-20
key= slot3 and value= 12-16
key= slot2 and value= 8-12
key= slot1 and value= 4-8
key= slot0 and value= 0-4
通过Map.entrySet使用iterator遍历key和value：
key= slot5 and value= 20-24
key= slot4 and value= 16-20
key= slot3 and value= 12-16
key= slot2 and value= 8-12
key= slot1 and value= 4-8
key= slot0 and value= 0-4
通过Map.entrySet遍历key和value
key= slot5 and value= 20-24
key= slot4 and value= 16-20
key= slot3 and value= 12-16
key= slot2 and value= 8-12
key= slot1 and value= 4-8
key= slot0 and value= 0-4
通过Map.values()遍历所有的value，但不能遍历key
value= 20-24
value= 16-20
value= 12-16
value= 8-12
value= 4-8
value= 0-4
======== java 8支持： forEach 效率最低 ==========
Key = slot5, Value = 20-24
Key = slot4, Value = 16-20
Key = slot3, Value = 12-16
Key = slot2, Value = 8-12
Key = slot1, Value = 4-8
Key = slot0, Value = 0-4
======== java 8支持： stream ForEach 流式 ==========
Key = slot5, Value = 20-24
Key = slot4, Value = 16-20
Key = slot3, Value = 12-16
Key = slot2, Value = 8-12
Key = slot1, Value = 4-8
Key = slot0, Value = 0-4
slot5=20-24
slot4=16-20
slot3=12-16
slot2=8-12
slot1=4-8
slot0=0-4

总结：
values()是返回Map的所有value的集合collection,只能遍历到值，很难遍历到key所以一般不用，除非在某种特殊场合。
测试表明entrySet()方式遍历效率更高。

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学习时间：

2021-08-23

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总结

附：