目录
文章所属专区 超链接
1.前言
SOAP请求(Simple Object Access Protocol,简单对象访问协议)是HTTP POST的一个专用版本,遵循一种特殊的XML消息格式,Content-type设置为:text/xml ,任何数据都可以XML化。
SOAP:简单对象访问协议。SOAP是一种轻量的,简单的,基于XML的协议,它被设计成在web上交换结构化的和固化的信息。SOAP可以和现存的许多因特网协议和格式结合使用,包括超文本传输协议(HTTP),简单邮件传输协议(SMTP),多用途网际邮件扩充协议(MIME)。它还支持从消息系统到远程过程调用(RPC)等大量的应用程序。
2.请求报文格式
在使用SOAP请求时,我们需要明确请求的Method,即要请求的Web服务所提供的方法名,不同的Web服务API会提供不同的方法名,具体使用时需要根据API文档进行查
2.1不带表头的请求格式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns1="http://example.com">
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<ns1:getWeather>
<ns1:city>Beijing</ns1:city>
</ns1:getWeather>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
2.2带表头的请求格式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns1="http://example.com">
<SOAP-ENV:Header>
<ns1:Auth>
<ns1:Username>testUser</ns1:Username>
<ns1:Password>testPassword</ns1:Password>
</ns1:Auth>
</SOAP-ENV:Header>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<ns1:getUserData>
<ns1:userId>12345</ns1:userId>
</ns1:getUserData>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
3 请求代码实例
/**
* 根据soap请求获取url
* @param token
* @param appKey
* @param xmlStrSM4
* @return
*/
public JSONObject getUrlBySoap(String token,String appKey,String xmlStrSM4) {
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
JSONObject result = new JSONObject();
OutputStream out = null;
BufferedReader in = null;
//需要传的参数
//String[] pointNames = {"chang","tiao","rap","basketball"};
//拼接请求报文的方法
String soap = buildXML(token,appKey,xmlStrSM4).toString();
try {
URL url = new URL(evaluation_url);
URLConnection connection = url.openConnection();
HttpURLConnection httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) connection;
byte[] soapBytes = soap.getBytes("ISO-8859-1");
httpConn.setRequestProperty( "Content-Length",String.valueOf( soapBytes.length ) );
httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/xml; charset=utf-8");
httpConn.setRequestProperty("soapaction","http://tempuri.org/WcfDataProxy/GetPoints");//重点中的重点,不加就500。注意:soapaction对应的值不固定,具体值看你的请求。
httpConn.setRequestMethod( "POST" );
httpConn.setDoOutput(true);
httpConn.setDoInput(true);
out = httpConn.getOutputStream();
out.write(soapBytes);
int responseCode = httpConn.getResponseCode();
if(responseCode == 200){
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpConn.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
//把响应回来的报文拼接为字符串
String inputLine;
while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(inputLine);
}
out.close();
in.close();
//报文转成doc对象
Document doc = DocumentHelper.parseText(stringBuilder.toString());
//获取根元素,准备递归解析这个XML树
Element root = doc.getRootElement();
//获取叶子节点的方法
String leafNode = "";
leafNode = getCode(root);
if(leafNode != null && leafNode.contains("data")){
String resultUrl = getUrlByDom4j(leafNode);
result.put("url",resultUrl);
}else{
String message = getMessage(leafNode);
result.put("message",message);
}
}
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (org.dom4j.DocumentException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally{
try{
if(out!=null){
out.close();
}
if(in!=null){
in.close();
}
}
catch(IOException ex){
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
return result;
}
3.1解析Soap返回的XML,提取需要的元素
/**
* 找到soap的xml报文的叶子节点的数据
* @param root
*/
public String getCode(Element root) throws DocumentException {
String result = "";
if (root.elements() != null) {
//如果当前跟节点有子节点,找到子节点
List<Element> list = root.elements();
//遍历每个节点
for (Element e : list) {
if (e.elements().size() > 0) {
//当前节点不为空的话,递归遍历子节点;
result=getCode(e);
if(result != null && result != ""){
return result;
}
}
if (e.elements().size() == 0) {
result = e.getTextTrim();
return result;
}
}
}else{
return root.getTextTrim();
}
return result;
}
3.2解析Soap返回的XML,提取需要的元素方式而
解析的字符串:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GB2312"?><Case><code>500</code><message>受理部门编码为:001003008002013,未查询到部门信息,请联系管理员</message></Case>
/**
* 解析msg字符串中的message
* @param msg
* @return
*/
public String getMessage(String msg){
String result = "";
try {
// 创建DocumentBuilder对象
DocumentBuilder builder = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
// 将XML字符串转换为输入流
InputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(msg.getBytes("GB2312"));
// 解析XML
org.w3c.dom.Document doc = builder.parse(is);
// 获取根节点
org.w3c.dom.Element root = doc.getDocumentElement();
// 在这里插入代码片遍历解析后的XML
NodeList itemList = root.getElementsByTagName("message");
for (int i = 0; i < itemList.getLength(); i++) {
Node item = itemList.item(i);
result = item.getTextContent();
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return result;
}
4.请求参数加密参考
//参数xmlStr需要使用私钥加密
StringBuffer xmlStr = new StringBuffer();
//组装请求参数
xmlStr = getXmlStr(apasinfoDto,contactMobile,evaluationChannel,urlType,evaluateType,networkType,customFields);
//对密钥进行MD5
String md5 = Md5Util.getMD5(private_key);
//sm4对数据加密
String xmlStrSM4=new SM4().encode(xmlStr.toString(),md5 );
//对接方传递公钥给我方,我方会根据对接方的公钥查询出密钥对数据解密
xmlStrSM4=xmlStrSM4.replaceAll("[\\n\\r]", "");
JSONObject jsonObject = getUrlBySoap( token, appKey, xmlStrSM4);
5.SOAP请求返回报文格式参考
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<soap:Body>
<ns1:doServiceResponse xmlns:ns1="http://cn.gov.chinatax.gt3nf.nfzcpt.service/">
<return><![CDATA[<taxML><service><sid>SID值</sid><channelType>10</channelType><version>1.0</version><tranSeq>UUID</tranSeq><tranReqDate>20171204</tranReqDate></service><bizContent><bizResult><head><rtnCode>0</rtnCode><rtnMsg><code>000</code><message>处理成功</message><reason></reason></rtnMsg></head><body>PFJFU1BPTlNFX0NPT1k+(BASE64加密后的数据)</body></bizResult></bizContent><returnState><returnCode>00000</returnCode><returnMessage>Success!</returnMessage></returnState></taxML>]]></return>
</ns1:doServiceResponse>
</soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>
6.另一方法发起SOAP请求
// 导入所需的类
import javax.xml.soap.*;
public class SOAPClient {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// 创建SOAP连接和消息工厂
SOAPConnectionFactory soapConnectionFactory = SOAPConnectionFactory.newInstance();
SOAPConnection soapConnection = soapConnectionFactory.createConnection();
MessageFactory messageFactory = MessageFactory.newInstance();
// 创建SOAP消息
SOAPMessage soapMessage = messageFactory.createMessage();
// 创建SOAP部分
SOAPPart soapPart = soapMessage.getSOAPPart();
// 创建SOAP信封和主体
SOAPEnvelope envelope = soapPart.getEnvelope();
SOAPBody body = envelope.getBody();
// 添加SOAP操作和参数
QName operation = new QName("http://example.com/namespace", "OperationName");
SOAPBodyElement bodyElement = body.addBodyElement(operation);
bodyElement.addChildElement("Parameter1").addTextNode("Value1");
bodyElement.addChildElement("Parameter2").addTextNode("Value2");
// 设置SOAP消息的URL
String endpointUrl = "http://example.com/soap-endpoint";
soapConnection.call(soapMessage, endpointUrl);
// 处理SOAP响应
SOAPMessage soapResponse = soapConnection.call(soapMessage, endpointUrl);
// 解析和处理SOAP响应的数据
// 关闭连接
soapConnection.close();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
参考
使用 Postman 发送 SOAP 请求的步骤与方法
ava 发送SOAP请求调用WebService,解析SOAP报文
Java发布webservice应用并发送SOAP请求调用
java soap 请求
给个三连吧 谢谢谢谢谢谢了