python爬虫（正则获取元素）

import re
import requests
import ua_info
import random
from lxml import etree
import json
from pprint import pprint

"""
author:"lihongyuan"
function:爬取豆瓣电影排行榜
"""

class DoubanSpider():
    def __init__(self):
        self.url='https://movie.douban.com/chart'

    #获取电影类型和类型码
    def getFilmTypeDict(self):
        html = requests.get(url=self.url, headers={'User-Agent': random.choice(ua_info.ua_list)}).text   #返回解码后的页面
        #tree=etree.HTML(html) #解析为DOM

        #xpath寻找电影类型 #搜索针对的是页面对象解码后再解析为树节点
        # type_li= tree.xpath('//div[@class="types"]/span/a/@href')
        # print(type_li)

        #正则寻找电影类型
        #搜索匹配正则表达式要求的字符串 #搜索范围为当前页面解码后
        str_li=re.findall(r'/typerank\?type_name=(.*?)&type=(\d*?)&interval_id=100:90&action=',html)
        #print(str_li)

        #将类型和类型码存入字典
        type_dict={}
        for tuple in str_li:
            type_dict[tuple[0]]=tuple[1]
        return type_dict

    #获取电影总数
    def filmTotalNumber(self,type_code):
        url ='https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list_count?type='+type_code+'&interval_id=100%3A90'
        html = requests.get(url=url, headers={'User-Agent': random.choice(ua_info.ua_list)}).text #不是字典，是字符串！{"playable_count":310,"total":376,"unwatched_count":376}'
        dict=json.loads(html)   #将json的字符串转化为python的字典 #json是javascript object notation的意思，用于服务器和客户端之间传输数据
        return dict['total']

    #主函数#获取电影信息
    def run(self,type):
        file = open(r'D:\PycharmProjects\爬虫Project\typefilminfo.json', 'a+', encoding='UTF-8',newline='')
        type_dict =self.getFilmTypeDict()
        json.dump(type_dict,file,ensure_ascii=False)    #ensure_ascii需要设置为false，禁用ASCII，可以显示中文  #将python对象转化成json字符串写入文件
        file.write('\r\n')
        type_code = type_dict[type]
        total=self.filmTotalNumber(type_code)
        for i in range(0,total,20):
            url = 'https://movie.douban.com/j/chart/top_list?type='+type_code+'&interval_id=100%3A90'+'&action=&start='+str(i)+'&limit=20'
            html=requests.get(url=url, headers={'User-Agent': random.choice(ua_info.ua_list)}).text #返回的json格式的字符串[{"rating":["9.4","50"],"rank":1,"cover_url":"https://img2.doubanio.com\/view\/photo\/s_ratio_poster\/public\/p511118051.jpg","is_playable":true,"id":"1295644","types":["剧情","动作","犯罪"],"regions":["法国","美国"],"title":"这个杀手不太冷","url":"https:\/\/movie.douban.com\/subject\/1295644\/","release_date":"1994-09-14","actor_count":22,"vote_count":2242296,"score":"9.4","actors":["让·雷诺","娜塔莉·波特曼","加里·奥德曼","丹尼·爱罗","彼得·阿佩尔","迈克尔·巴达鲁科","艾伦·格里尼","伊丽莎白·瑞根","卡尔·马图斯维奇","弗兰克·赛格","麦温","乔治·马丁","罗伯特·拉萨多","亚当·布斯奇","马里奥·托迪斯科","萨米·纳塞利","让·雨果·安格拉德","埃莱娜·卡多纳","沈晓谦","大塚明夫","Keith A. 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            pprint(html)
            li=json.loads(html)
            for dict in li:
                json.dump(dict,file,ensure_ascii=False)
                file.write('\r\n')

if __name__ == '__main__':
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    spider.run('剧情')