Spring中xml配置bean(三)

**一.自动装配bean: autowire

1.Byname:通过get和set方法来进行bean的装配
2.ByType:通过类型进行bean的装配,如果在此文件中存在属性的类型超过一个的时候,使用此方法会出现异常**

<bean id="address2" class="zhang.spring.enities.autowire.Address" p:city="beijing" p:street="beijingtiananmen"></bean>
<bean id="company" class="zhang.spring.enities.autowire.Company" p:boss="zzhangyukang" p:name="beijingIt"></bean>
<bean id="person" class="zhang.spring.enities.autowire.Person" p:name="zhangyukang" 
    autowire="byType" ></bean>

二.在IOC容器中使用属性文件.

在类路径下新建一个属性文件例如:db.properties

user=root
password=zhangyukang
driverclass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql:///hibernate

在IOC容器中配置:
1.引入外部的属性文件
2.引入从c3p0数据源
3.配置bean
4.注意在配置属性的时候可以使用’’$ {username}’’

<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />	
<!-- 使用外部的属性 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
	<property name="user" value="${user}"></property>
	<property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
	<property name="driverClass" value="${driverclass}"></property>
	<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"></property>
</bean>

测试获取数据库连接:

/**
	 * 使用属性文件的方式来连接数据库
	 * 注意点:在配置user的时候不要使用username,在spring中username有特殊的含义,配置的时候
	 * 会发现数据库连接抛出异常:Access denied for user 'Administrator'@'localhost'
	 * @throws SQLException
	 */
	@Test
	public void testdataSource() throws SQLException{
		DataSource bean = (DataSource) applicationContext.getBean("dataSource");
		System.out.println(bean.getConnection());
		
	}

三:IOC容器中的bean的作用域:

在applicationContext.xml中配置bean的作用域可以使用scope属性:

<!-- bean 的作用域:singleton:单例的在IOC容器被创建的时候bean被创建(作用域默认是singleton)
	prototype:原型:在IOC被创建的时候,bean对象不会被创建,在需要获取bean的时候被创建
 -->
	
	<bean id="student" scope="prototype" class="zhang.spring.enities.spel.Student" autowire="byName">
		<property name="name" value="zhangyukang"></property>
		<property name="info" value="#{score.chinese>100?'优秀':'中等'}"></property>
		<property name="sum" value="#{score.chinese+score.english+score.math}"></property>
	</bean>

四.IOC容器中利用工厂方法创建bean的方法:

1.通过静态的工厂方法来创建bean
2.通过实例的工厂方法来创建bean
3.通过BeanFactory来获取bean(是spring提供的接口)
如下:
**1.通过静态的工厂方法来创建bean
**

package zhang.spring.beans.Factory;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import zhang.spring.enitites.Car;
public class StaticStudentFactory {
	private static Map<String,Car> map=new HashMap<>();
	static{
		map.put("baoma", new Car("baoma",10000));
		map.put("lufu", new Car("lufu",20000));
	}
	public static Car getCar(String band){
		return map.get(band);
	}
}

**
在applicationContext.xml中配置如下:

<!-- 使用静态的bean工厂来创建对象 -->
	<bean id="staticStudentFactory" class="zhang.spring.beans.Factory.StaticStudentFactory"
	factory-method="getCar">
		<constructor-arg value="baoma"></constructor-arg>
	</bean>

2.通过实例的工厂方法来创建bean

    package zhang.spring.beans.Factory;
    
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import zhang.spring.enitites.Car;
    
    /**
     * 使用实例工厂类来获取bean
     * @author Administrator
     *
     */
    public class InstantCarFactory {
    	private Map<String,Car> map=new HashMap<>();
    	public InstantCarFactory() {
    		map.put("baoma", new Car("baoma", 120));
    		map.put("luhu", new Car("baoma", 120));
    		map.put("bmo", new Car("bmo", 120));
    	}
    	public Car getCar(String band){
    		return map.get(band);
    	}
    }
applicationContext.xml中的配置如下:

    <!-- 使用实例的bean工厂创建对象 -->
    	<bean id="instantCarFactory" class="zhang.spring.beans.Factory.InstantCarFactory">
    	</bean>
    	
    	<bean id="car" factory-bean="instantCarFactory" factory-method="getCar">
    		<constructor-arg value="bmo"></constructor-arg>
    	</bean>
**3.通过BeanFactory来获取bean(是spring提供的接口)****
package zhang.spring.beans.Factory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.FactoryBean;

import zhang.spring.beans.cycle.Customer;

public class CustomerFactoryBean implements FactoryBean<Customer> {
	

	@Override
	public Customer getObject() throws Exception {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Customer customer=new Customer();
		customer.setName("$$zhangyukang");
		customer.setPassword("305316");
		return  customer;
	}

	@Override
	public Class<?> getObjectType() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return Customer.class;
	}

	@Override
	public boolean isSingleton() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return true;
	}
	public CustomerFactoryBean() {
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}

	
}

<bean id="customerFactoryBean" class="zhang.spring.beans.Factory.CustomerFactoryBean">
	
</bean>

五.bean的生命周期方法.

以下面的customer类为例:

package zhang.spring.beans.cycle;

public class Customer {
	private String name;
	private String password;
	
	public void init(){
		System.out.println("bean init-------");
	}
	
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		System.out.println("set name :"+name);
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		System.out.println("set password:"+password);
		this.password = password;
	}
	public void destory(){
		System.out.println("bean destory--------");
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Customer [name=" + name + ", password=" + password + "]";
	}
}

配置

测试
package zhang.spring.beans.cycle;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		//创建ioc容器的时候,应为作用域是singleton,因此创建对应的容器中的bean,给bean的属性进行赋值
		//在调用指定的生命周期方法init
		ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans-cycle.xml");
		Customer customer = (Customer) applicationContext.getBean("customer1");
		System.out.println(customer);
		//关闭ioc容器,调用生命周期中的destory方法
		applicationContext.close();
	}
}

**

六.bean的后置处理器:

**
package zhang.spring.beans.cycle;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor;

/**
 * bean的后置处理器:实现接口:  BeanPostProcessor
 * 重写对应的方法
 * @author Administrator
 *
 */
public class MyBeanPostProcessor implements BeanPostProcessor {
	//在bean中的init()方法执行之前调用
	//bean:bean实例本身,beanName:在ioc容器中配置的bean的名字
	@Override
	public Object postProcessAfterInitialization(Object bean, String beanName) throws BeansException {
		if("customer".equals(beanName)){
			System.out.println("--------------------------------");
			System.out.println("init()方法执行之后调用");
			
			System.out.println("bean:"+bean);
			System.out.println("beanName:"+beanName);
			System.out.println("--------------------------------");
		}
		return bean;
	}
	//在bean中的init()方法执行之后调用
	@Override
	public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String arg1) throws BeansException {
		if("customer".equals(arg1)){
			System.out.println("--------------------------------");
			Customer customer =(Customer)bean;
			customer.setName("章宇康");
			System.out.println("init()方法执行之前调用");
			System.out.println("--------------------------------");
		}
		
		return bean;
	}

}



  <!-- 配置bean的后置处理器 -->
    	<bean  class="zhang.spring.beans.cycle.MyBeanPostProcessor"></bean>