MySQL8.x安装详解

1.MySQL安装

预安装环境

yum install gcc gcc-c++ openssl openssl-devel libaio libaio-devel  ncurses  ncurses-deve
yum -y install numactl

创建mysql用户

#新建mysql用户、mysql用户组,如果之前已经建立过，就不用建立了
groupadd mysql
#给mysql添加用户 为 mysql
useradd mysql -g mysql

解压

tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.11-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

**注：*如果安装文件以.tar.xz结尾，解压命令：tar -xvf

建立mysql的安装目录

mkdir /opt/environment/mysql

赋予用户

#将/opt/environment/mysql的所有者及所属组改为mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql  /opt/environment/mysql
chmod -R 755  /opt/environment/mysql

进入安装目录，建立数据和错误日志的目录

mkdir data
mkdir log
mkdir tmp

初始化数据库目录

/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306 --datadir=/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/data

添加环境目录

echo "export PATH=$PATH:/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/bin"  >>  /etc/profile
source /etc/profile

制作配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

port=3306
datadir=/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/data
log-error=/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/log/mysql-err.log
user=root

skip-grant-tables  #此项是为了装好后免登陆修改密码使用
default_authentication_plugin=mysql_native_password 
[client]
socket=/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/tmp/mysql.sock

报错:ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/tmp/mysql.sock’

mkdir tmp
chmod 777 ./tmp
mkdir mysql-log
chmod 777 ./mysql-log
cd mysql-log
touch error.log

注：也可直接去点前缀路径

制作启动脚本

cp  /opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

编辑mysqld

vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
#找到修改
basedir=/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306
datadir=/opt/environment/mysql/mysql-3306/data

启动、关闭、重启mysql的命令

/etc/init.d/mysqld start
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
/etc/init.d/mysqld status

如果报错：Starting MySQL.Logging to ‘/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log’.

mkdir /var/log/mariadb 
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log 
#没有权限 赋予权限即可
chown -R mysql:mysql  /var/log/mariadb/

重置root的密码

update mysql.user set authentication_string = '' where user = 'root';

注释掉my.cnf里skip-grant-tables，重启服务

修改密码

use mysql
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY'123456@cP';
flush privileges;

查询修改host信息

select host, user, authentication_string, plugin from mysql.user;
update mysql.user set host = '%' where user = 'root';

注：远程连接时修改host

然后检查3306端口是否开放
netstat -nupl|grep 3306
开放3306端口
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3307/tcp --permanent