18、lun

在IDL的使用中，经常看到lun、/get_lun、free_lun等，到底这个lun是什么东西？有什么用呢？参量IDL帮助文件和网上的资料，整理如下：

1. lun是啥？

The GET_LUN procedure allocates a file unit from a pool of free units. Instead of writing routines to assume the use of certain file units, IDL functions and procedures should use GET_LUN to reserve unit numbers in order to avoid conflicts with other routines. Use FREE_LUN to free the file units when finished.
【GET_LUN过程从可用单元池中分配文件单元】
IDL函数和过程应该使用GET_LUN来保留单元号，以避免与其他例程冲突，而不是编写例程来假定使用某些文件单元。 完成后使用FREE_LUN释放文件单元。

2. lun有啥用？

Instead of explicitly specifying a file unit number（文件单元号） that may already be used, use
 GET_LUN to obtain a free one and store the result in the variable U by entering:

GET_LUN, U

Now U can be used in opening a file:

OPENR, U, 'file.dat'

Once the data from “file.dat” has been read, the file can be closed and the file unit can be freed with the command:

FREE_LUN, U

Note also that OPENR has a GET_LUN keyword that allows you to simultaneously obtain a free file unit and open a file. The following command performs the same tasks as the first two commands above:

OPENR, U, 'file.dat', /GET_LUN

小结：
GET_LUN的功能是为文件分配一个文件单元号，以便后期可以打开、读取和关闭文件

3. 如何用？

以读取.txt文件为例

pro ReadTXT

  COMPILE_OPT idl2
  envi, /restore_base_save_files
  envi_batch_init, log_file='batch.txt'


  txtname="C:\Users\HP\Desktop\Temporary.txt"
  if file_test(txtname)then begin;The FILE_TEST function checks files for existence
  ;and other attributes without having to first open the file/用来检查文件是否存在及在不打开文件的情况下检查其属性
    nLines=file_lines(txtname);file_lines()用于返回数据的行
    tmp='';两个单引号
    
;  打开文件
    openr,lun,txtname,/get_lun
    while(~EOF(lun))do begin;
      readf,lun,tmp;读取第一行                  
;      print,tmp
;      help,tmp
      Col=strsplit(tmp,/extract);拆分第一行获取列数
      ColNum=N_elements(Col)
      Arr_1=fltarr(ColNum,nLines-1);定义一个n列n-1行，元素为0的数组
      readf,lun,Arr_1
      print,lun
      Arr_1=[[Col],[Arr_1]];重新组合数组(n，n-1)+第一行=（n,n）      
    endwhile
    print,Arr_1[0:1,*]
    help,Arr_1[0:1,*]
  end


end