一、Room是什么?
Room是Jetpack组件中一个对象关系映射(ORM)库。可以很容易将 SQLite 表数据转换为 Java 对象。
Room 在 SQLite 上提供了一个抽象层,以便在充分利用 SQLite 的强大功能的同时,能够流畅地访问数据库。
支持与LiveData、RxJava、Kotlin协成组合使用。
Google 官方强烈推荐使用Room。
二、使用步骤
1.引入库
代码如下(示例):
plugins {
id 'com.android.application'
id 'kotlin-android'
//下面这两句不要忘记加不然会报错
id 'kotlin-kapt'
id 'kotlin-android-extensions'
}
android {
compileSdkVersion 30
buildToolsVersion "30.0.3"
defaultConfig {
applicationId "com.example.practice"
minSdkVersion 25
targetSdkVersion 30
versionCode 1
versionName "1.0"
testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
}
buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled false
proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
}
}
compileOptions {
sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
kotlinOptions {
jvmTarget = '1.8'
}
}
dependencies {
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version"
implementation 'androidx.core:core-ktx:1.2.0'
implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.0'
implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.3.0'
implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:1.1.3'
testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.+'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.1'
androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.2.0'
//下面的库根据自己需求添加
def room_version = "2.3.0"
implementation("androidx.room:room-runtime:$room_version")
annotationProcessor "androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version"
// To use Kotlin annotation processing tool (kapt)
kapt("androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version")
// To use Kotlin Symbolic Processing (KSP)
kapt("androidx.room:room-compiler:$room_version")
// optional - Kotlin Extensions and Coroutines support for Room
implementation("androidx.room:room-ktx:$room_version")
// optional - RxJava2 support for Room
implementation "androidx.room:room-rxjava2:$room_version"
// optional - RxJava3 support for Room
implementation "androidx.room:room-rxjava3:$room_version"
// optional - Guava support for Room, including Optional and ListenableFuture
implementation "androidx.room:room-guava:$room_version"
// optional - Test helpers
testImplementation("androidx.room:room-testing:$room_version")
}
2.@Entity 数据库中表对应的实体
代码如下(示例):
package com.example.practice;
import androidx.room.ColumnInfo;
import androidx.room.Entity;
import androidx.room.PrimaryKey;
/**
* @description:
* @author: 黄剑桥
* @email: 1437337158@qq.com
* @date : 2021/8/12 11:45
*/
@Entity
public class Table {
@PrimaryKey(autoGenerate = true)
private int id;
@ColumnInfo(name = "name")
private String name;
@ColumnInfo(name = "work")
private String work