AttributeError: 'Dense' object has no attribute 'op'

Solution

在看keras官方文档application 的finetune模块时 1的时候想尝试以下代码块

from keras.applications.inception_v3 import InceptionV3
from keras.preprocessing import image
from keras.models import Model
from keras.layers import Dense, GlobalAveragePooling2D
from keras import backend as K

# create the base pre-trained model
base_model = InceptionV3(weights='imagenet', include_top=False)

# add a global spatial average pooling layer
x = base_model.output
x = GlobalAveragePooling2D()(x)
# let's add a fully-connected layer
x = Dense(1024, activation='relu')(x)
# and a logistic layer -- let's say we have 200 classes
predictions = Dense(200, activation='softmax')(x)

# this is the model we will train
model = Model(inputs=base_model.input, outputs=predictions)

# first: train only the top layers (which were randomly initialized)
# i.e. freeze all convolutional InceptionV3 layers
for layer in base_model.layers:
    layer.trainable = False

# compile the model (should be done *after* setting layers to non-trainable)
model.compile(optimizer='rmsprop', loss='categorical_crossentropy')

# train the model on the new data for a few epochs
model.fit_generator(...)

# at this point, the top layers are well trained and we can start fine-tuning
# convolutional layers from inception V3. We will freeze the bottom N layers
# and train the remaining top layers.

# let's visualize layer names and layer indices to see how many layers
# we should freeze:
for i, layer in enumerate(base_model.layers):
   print(i, layer.name)

# we chose to train the top 2 inception blocks, i.e. we will freeze
# the first 249 layers and unfreeze the rest:
for layer in model.layers[:249]:
   layer.trainable = False
for layer in model.layers[249:]:
   layer.trainable = True

# we need to recompile the model for these modifications to take effect
# we use SGD with a low learning rate
from keras.optimizers import SGD
model.compile(optimizer=SGD(lr=0.0001, momentum=0.9), loss='categorical_crossentropy')

# we train our model again (this time fine-tuning the top 2 inception blocks
# alongside the top Dense layers
model.fit_generator(...)

我将模型换成的ResNet50，但是找上面跑的时候报错AttributeError: ‘Dense’ object has no attribute ‘op’，google了一下发现可能是keras和tensorflow之间版本的错误
最后发现修改模型的写法可以规避这个报错：

原写法：

base_model = ResNet50(weights='imagenet', include_top=False)
base_model.trainable=False
x = base_model.output
x = GlobalAveragePooling2D()(x)
x = Dense(1024, activation='relu')(x)
predictions = Dense(200, activation='softmax')(x)
model = Model(inputs=base_model.input, outputs=predictions)

改为:

base_model = ResNet50(weights='imagenet',include_top=False)
base_model.trainable=False
model=Sequential([
  base_model,
  GlobalAveragePooling2D(),
  Dense(256,activation='relu'),
  Dense(10,activation='softmax')
  ])

然后直接接上model.compile 什么的就可以了。尝试之后第二种写法没有报错，能够正常进行训练

不得不说tf中模型的定义格式还正式多种多样，不过个人偏向于第二种，结构清晰明了，易读性强。
顺便希望这次疫情能够快点过去x