[QT] Qt右键菜单的实现介绍与代码演示

[QT] Qt右键菜单的实现介绍与代码演示

某些软件需要实现右键菜单, 如下:

新建一个Qt GUI 程序,头文件代码如下:

*.h 代码

#pragma once
 
#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_RightMenu.h"
 
class RightMenu : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
 
public:
    RightMenu(QWidget *parent = Q_NULLPTR);
 
	void contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event) override;
	void keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *e) override;
 
private slots:
	void onAc1();
 
private:
    Ui::RightMenuClass ui;
};

可以添加快捷键, 分割线, 在点击的同时, 又可以用快捷键操作

实现起来亦不难, 重写contextMenuEvent方法, 该方法如下

[virtual protected] void QWidget::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent* event)
/// This event handler, for event event, can be reimplemented in a subclass to receive widget context menu events.

重写 contextMenuEvent, 实现右键菜单, keyPressEvent 实现组合键

cpp代码

#include "RightMenu.h"
#include <QAction>
#include <QMenu>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <QKeyEvent>
 
RightMenu::RightMenu(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
{
    ui.setupUi(this);
}
 
void RightMenu::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event)
{
	QMenu *pMenu = new QMenu(this);
 
	QAction *pAc1 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("复制"), this);
	pAc1->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Ctrl+C")); 
	QAction *pAc2 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("粘贴"), this);
	QAction *pAc3 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("删除"), this);
	pAc3->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Ctrl+D"));
	QAction *pAc4 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("刷新"), this);
	pAc4->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Alt+F5"));
	QAction *pAc5 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("压缩"), this);
	QAction *pAc6 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("合并"), this);
	QAction *pAc7 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("发送"), this);
	pAc7->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Ctrl+Shift+S"));
	QAction *pAc8 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("加密"), this);
	pMenu->addAction(pAc1);
	pMenu->addAction(pAc2);
	pMenu->addAction(pAc3);
	pMenu->addAction(pAc4);
	pMenu->addSeparator();
	pMenu->addAction(pAc5);
	pMenu->addAction(pAc6);
	pMenu->addSeparator();
	pMenu->addAction(pAc7);
	pMenu->addSeparator();
	pMenu->addAction(pAc8);
	pMenu->addSeparator();
 
	pMenu->setStyleSheet("QMenu{font:18px;}");
	pMenu->move(cursor().pos());
	pMenu->show();
 
	connect(pAc1, &QAction::triggered, this, &RightMenu::onAc1);
}
 
void RightMenu::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent * e)
{
	if (e->modifiers() == Qt::ControlModifier && e->key() == Qt::Key_C)
	{
		QMessageBox::information(this, "title", "you clicked Ac1 Copy");
	}
 
	if (e->modifiers() == (Qt::ControlModifier | Qt::ShiftModifier) && e->key() == Qt::Key_S)
	{
		QMessageBox::information(this, "title", "you clicked Ac7 Send");
	}
}
 
void RightMenu::onAc1()
{
	QMessageBox::information(this, "title", "you clicked Ac1");
}

///  设置快捷键 `
pAc1->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Ctrl + C"));

/// 设置菜单分割线 
pMenu->addSeparator();

/// 菜单项的响应, 链接· triggered · 信号即可

/// 默认的右键菜单字体较小 可以使用样式表进行设置 
pMenu->setStyleSheet("QMenu{front: 18px;}");

/// 在 · keyPressEvent · 中写各种快捷键的功能, 也可以使用时间过滤器 实现 方法很多
也可以添加子菜单, 例如下图:

只要稍微修改代码即可实现, 如下所示:

void RightMenu::contextMenuEvent(QContextMenuEvent *event)
{
	QMenu *pMenu = new QMenu(this);
	QMenu *pSubMenu = new QMenu(QString::fromLocal8Bit("文本操作"));
 
	QAction *pAc1 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("复制"), this);
	pAc1->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Ctrl+C")); 
	QAction *pAc2 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("粘贴"), this);
	QAction *pAc3 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("删除"), this);
	pAc3->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Ctrl+D"));
	QAction *pAc4 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("刷新"), this);
	pAc4->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Alt+F5"));
	QAction *pAc5 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("压缩"), this);
	QAction *pAc6 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("合并"), this);
	QAction *pAc7 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("发送"), this);
	pAc7->setShortcut(QKeySequence("Ctrl+Shift+S"));
	QAction *pAc8 = new QAction(QString::fromLocal8Bit("加密"), this);
	pSubMenu->addAction(pAc1);
	pSubMenu->addAction(pAc2);
	pSubMenu->addAction(pAc3);  
	pMenu->addMenu(pSubMenu);   //主菜单添加子菜单
	pMenu->addAction(pAc4);
	pMenu->addSeparator();
	pMenu->addAction(pAc5);
	pMenu->addAction(pAc6);
	pMenu->addSeparator();
	pMenu->addAction(pAc7);
	pMenu->addSeparator();
	pMenu->addAction(pAc8);
	pMenu->addSeparator();
 
	pMenu->setStyleSheet("QMenu{font:18px;}");
	pMenu->move(cursor().pos());
	pMenu->show();
 
	connect(pAc1, &QAction::triggered, this, &RightMenu::onAc1);
}

每个菜单项还可以添加图标,

    explicit QAction(QObject *parent = nullptr);
    explicit QAction(const QString &text, QObject *parent = nullptr);
    explicit QAction(const QIcon &icon, const QString &text, QObject *parent = nullptr);