JAVA学习笔记——多线程

1.线程的创建

1.1Thread类实现多线程

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

public class Mythread extends Thread{

@Override

public void run() {

for(int i =0 ; i<100 ; i++)

{

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--"+i);

}

}

}

 

1.2 Runnable接口实现多线程

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

public class Myrunnable implements Runnable{

 

@Override

public void run() {

for(int i = 0 ; i<100 ;i++)

{

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--"+i);

}

 

}

 

}

 

1.3主线程

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.PrintStream;

 

public class XCtest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {

//输出重定向

System.setOut(new PrintStream(".\\src\\te.txt"));

//主线程

for(int i = 0 ; i<100 ; i++)

{

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--"+i);

}

//准备线程

Mythread mthread = new Mythread() ;

Myrunnable  ythread = new Myrunnable() ; 

//将线程运行起来

Thread thread = new Thread(ythread) ; 

thread.start();

mthread.start(); 

 

System.out.println("main.........");

 

}

}

2.线程的一些方法

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.PrintStream;

 

public class XCtest {

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {

//输出重定向

System.setOut(new PrintStream(".\\src\\te.txt"));

//准备线程

Mythread mthread = new Mythread();

Myrunnable  ythread = new Myrunnable();

//将线程运行起来

Thread thread = new Thread(ythread) ; 

thread.start();

mthread.start(); 

//主线程

for(int i = 0 ; i<100 ; i++)

{

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--"+i);

if(i == 50)

{

//Thread.yield();//让步直到该线程执行完成

try {

thread.join();//插队

//thread.join(1000) ;//控制插队的时间

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

} 

 

System.out.println("main.........");

}

}

 

3.解决线程安全性问题

实例 买票问题和消费者和生产者的问题

买票问题：

 

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

public class Trickrunnable implements Runnable{

private int count = 1000 ; 

@Override

public void run() {

while(count>0)

{

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--"+(1001-count));

count--;

}

 

}

 

}

 

 

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.PrintStream;

 

public class Trick {

//卖一千张票

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {

System.setOut(new PrintStream(".\\src\\te.txt"));

Trickrunnable a = new Trickrunnable() ; 

//准备窗口

Thread thread = new Thread(a,"窗口1") ; 

Thread thread1 = new Thread(a,"窗口2") ;

//运行线程

thread.start();

thread1.start();

}

}

 

但上述的代码会出现线程安全的问题

有以下解决方案

1.可以添加控制条件来使线程的运行变得正常

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

public class Trickrunnable implements Runnable{

private int count = 1000 ; 

@Override

public void run() {

while(count>0)

{

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--"+(1001-count));

count--;

}

 

}

 

}

这样就不会出现卖重票的事情了

也可以通过多线程同步来接决这个问题

1.同步代码块

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.PrintStream;

 

public class Trick {

//卖一千张票

public static void main(String[] args) throws FileNotFoundException {

System.setOut(new PrintStream(".\\src\\te.txt"));

Trickrunnable a = new Trickrunnable() ; 

//准备窗口

Thread thread = new Thread(a,"窗口1") ; 

Thread thread1 = new Thread(a,"窗口2") ;

//运行线程

thread.start();

thread1.start();

}

}

2.同步方法

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

public class Trickrunnable implements Runnable{

private int count = 1000 ; 

@Override

public void run() {

while(count>0)

k();

 

}

private synchronized void k() {

 

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--"+(1001-count));

count--;

}

 

}

 

3.同步锁

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;

import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;

 

public class Trickrunnable implements Runnable{

private int count = 1000 ; 

private final Lock lock = new ReentrantLock() ; //这里使用final是为了保持这个对象不变

@Override

public void run() {

while(count>0)

{

lock.lock();//锁住

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"--"+(1001-count));

count--;

lock.unlock();//解锁

}

 

 

}

 

 

}

 

实例2：生产者和消费者

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

//容器

public class Conntainer {

private  int count  = 0  ;//记录产品数量

 

//下面是生产者和消费者的两个同步方法

//规定为了让生产者有时间来休息只要count==10就可以休息

public synchronized void pop()

{

this.notify();//唤醒沉睡的线程

//如果超出数量就让生产者来休息

while(count>=10)

{

try {

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"累了");

this.wait();//让当前线程休息

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}  

}

count++  ; 

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"生产产品"+count);

 

}

 

public synchronized void push()

{

this.notify(); 

while(count<0)

{

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"不高兴");

try {

this.wait();

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

count--  ; 

System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"消费了"+count); 

}

 

}

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

public class Pop extends Thread{

Conntainer conntainer  ; 

 

public Pop(Conntainer conntainer ,String name) {

super(name);

this.conntainer = conntainer;

this.start();

}

 

@Override

public void run() {

 

while(true)

{

conntainer.pop(); 

}

 

}

 

}

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

public class Push extends Thread{

 

Conntainer conntainer  ; 

 

public Push(Conntainer conntainer ,String name) {

super(name);

this.conntainer = conntainer;

this.start();

}

 

@Override

public void run() {

 

while(true)

{

conntainer.push(); 

}

}

}

package etc.sdut.edu.cn;

 

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {

Conntainer conntainer = new Conntainer() ; //准备好容器

Pop push = new Pop(conntainer,"生产者") ;

Push pop1 = new Push(conntainer,"消费者1") ; 

Push pop2 = new Push(conntainer,"消费者2") ;

}

}