MyBatis06：动态SQL

MyBatis06：动态SQL

动态SQL指的是根据不同的查询条件 , 生成不同的Sql语句

  - if
  - choose (when, otherwise)
  - trim (where, set)
  - foreach

搭建环境

数据库文件

CREATE TABLE `blog`(
`id` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
`title` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
`author` VARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
`create_time` DATETIME NOT NULL,
`views` INT(30) NOT NULL
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

新建普通maven项目

依赖和资源过滤pom.xml

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>log4j</groupId>
        <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <version>1.18.16</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <resources>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/java</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
        <resource>
            <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
            <includes>
                <include>**/*.properties</include>
                <include>**/*.xml</include>
            </includes>
            <filtering>false</filtering>
        </resource>
    </resources>

    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.4.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <skipTests>true</skipTests>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

连接数据库

db.properties

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
username=root
password=123456

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <properties resource="db.properties"/>

    <settings>
        <!--下划线驼峰自动转换-->
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>


    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.wgg.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <!--注册Mapper.xml-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="mapper/BlogMapper.xml"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

工具类

IDUtils

//返回随机id的字符串
public class IDUtil {
    public static String genId() {
        return UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "");
    }
}

MybatisUtils获取连接

public class MybatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            String resource="mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory= new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    //获取sqlSession连接
    public static SqlSession getSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

实体类

@Data
public class Blog {
    private String id;
    private String title;
    private String author;
    private Date createTime;
    private int views;
}

BlogMapper接口

public interface BlogMapper {
    int addBlog(Blog blog);
}

BlogMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.wgg.mapper.BlogMapper">

    <insert id="addBlog" parameterType="blog">
        insert into blog(id,title,author,create_time,views)
        values (#{id},#{title},#{author},#{createTime},#{views})
    </insert>
</mapper>

测试并初始化数据

public class MyTest {

    @Test
    public void addInitBlog(){
        SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
        BlogMapper mapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);

        Blog blog = new Blog();
        blog.setId(IDUtil.genId());
        blog.setTitle("mybatis如此简单");
        blog.setAuthor("大神");
        blog.setCreateTime(new Date());
        blog.setViews(9999);

        mapper.addBlog(blog);

        blog.setId(IDUtil.genId());
        blog.setTitle("Java如此简单");
        mapper.addBlog(blog);

        blog.setId(IDUtil.genId());
        blog.setTitle("Spring如此简单");
        mapper.addBlog(blog);

        blog.setId(IDUtil.genId());
        blog.setTitle("微服务如此简单");
        mapper.addBlog(blog);

        session.close();
    }
}

if语句

根据title和author来查询博客，某一项可为空

select * from blog where title = #{title} and author = #{author}

接口

List<Blog> queryBlogIf(Map map);

sql语句

<select id="queryBlogIf" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
    select * from blog where
    <if test="title!=null">
        title=#{title}
    </if>

    <if test="author!=null">
        and author =#{author}
    </if>
</select>

测试

@Test
public void testQueryBlogIf(){
    SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
    BlogMapper mapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);

    HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
    map.put("title","Mybatis如此简单");
    map.put("author","大神");
    List<Blog> blogs = mapper.queryBlogIf(map);
    System.out.println(blogs);

    session.close();
}

问题：

当title为空时sql语句为

select * from blog where and author = #{author}

发生错误

使用where解决

<select id="queryBlogIf" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
    select * from blog where
    <where>
        <if test="title!=null">
            title=#{title}
        </if>

        <if test="author!=null">
            and author =#{author}
        </if>
    </where>
</select>

这个“where”标签会知道如果它包含的标签中有返回值的话，它就插入一个‘where’。此外，如果标签返回的内容是以AND 或OR 开头的，则它会剔除掉。

set

接口

int updateBlog(Map map);

sql

注意逗号

<update id="updateBlog" parameterType="map">
    update blog
    <set>
        <if test="title!=null">
            title=#{title},
        </if>
        <if test="author!=null">
            author=#{author}
        </if>
    </set>
    where id=#{id}
</update>

测试

@Test
public void testUpdateBlog(){
    SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
    BlogMapper mapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);
    HashMap<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();
    map.put("title","动态SQL");
    map.put("author","学霸");
    map.put("id","75650df9fcd447f591f6a17a34b41f41");
    mapper.updateBlog(map);

    session.close();
}

choose

不想用到所有的查询条件，只想选择其中的一个，查询条件有一个满足即可

类似：switch

接口

List<Blog> queryBlogChoose(Map map);

sql

<select id="queryBlogChoose" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
    select * from blog
    <where>
        <choose>
            <when test="title!=null">
                title=#{title}
            </when>
            <when test="author!=null">
                and author=#{author}
            </when>
            <otherwise>
                and views=#{views}
            </otherwise>
        </choose>
    </where>
</select>

测试

@Test
public void testQuryBlogChoose(){
    SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
    BlogMapper mapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);

    HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    map.put("title","Java如此简单");
    map.put("author","大神");
    map.put("views",999);

    List<Blog> blogs = mapper.queryBlogChoose(map);

    System.out.println(blogs);
    session.close();
}

SQL片段

抽取sql语句实现重用

1. 引用的sql不在同一文件时需要使用namespace
2. 建议单表中使用
3. sql片段中不包含<where>

<sql id="if-title-author">
    <if test="title!=nul">
        title=#{title}
    </if>
    <if test="author!=null">
        and author=#{author}
    </if>
</sql>

<select id="queryBlogIf" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
    select * from blog where
    <where>
    /*引用*/
        <include  refid="if-title-author"></include>
    </where>
</select>

ForEeach

接口

List<Blog> queryBlogForeach(Map map);

初始的sql语句

select * from blog where 1=1 and (id=1 or id=2 or id=3)

sql语句

<select id="queryBlogForeach" parameterType="map" resultType="blog">
    select * from blog
    <where>
        <foreach collection="ids"  item="id" open="and (" close=")" separator="or">
            id=#{id}
        </foreach>
    </where>
</select>

测试

@Test
public void testQueryBlogForeach(){
    SqlSession session = MybatisUtils.getSession();
    BlogMapper mapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);
    HashMap map = new HashMap();
    List<Integer> ids = new ArrayList<Integer>();
    ids.add(1);
    ids.add(2);
    ids.add(3);
    map.put("ids",ids);
    List<Blog> blogs = mapper.queryBlogForeach(map);
    System.out.println(blogs);

    session.close();
}