RAID之raid-1镜像卷

这次做的是raid1然后模拟其中一个盘故障，然后看看我们添加的备用盘会不会给给替补上去
首先还是mdadm命令

 mdadm -C -v /dev/md1 -l 1 -n 2 -x 1 /dev/sd[d,e,f]
 -C 是创建 -v 显示过程 -l 级别为1 -n是数量为2  -x 是备用盘为1 

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -C -v /dev/md1 -l 1 -n 2 -x 1 /dev/sd[d,e,f]
mdadm: Note: this array has metadata at the start and
    may not be suitable as a boot device.  If you plan to
    store '/boot' on this device please ensure that
    your boot-loader understands md/v1.x metadata, or use
    --metadata=0.90
mdadm: size set to 20954112K
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: Defaulting to version 1.2 metadata

执行的时候中间会有一个提示，输入y即可
然后就执行生成配置文件

mdadm -Dsv > /etc/mdadm.conf 

做完之后，查看md1的信息

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Sun Feb 21 06:11:08 2021
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Sun Feb 21 06:12:47 2021
             State : clean, resyncing 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 3
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 1

Consistency Policy : resync

     Resync Status : 98% complete

              Name : localhost.localdomain:1  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : b4208bdf:36884b0f:ebe48c44:1272350f
            Events : 15

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       48        0      active sync   /dev/sdd
       1       8       64        1      active sync   /dev/sde

       2       8       80        -      spare   /dev/sdf

这个时候一般都是在同步中，完成之后那个进度条就消失了
完成之后就可以格式化了

[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/md1 
meta-data=/dev/md1               isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=1309632 blks
         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=5238528, imaxpct=25
         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

格式化完成之后就可以开始挂载了
可以临时挂载，也可以永久挂载

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /raid1
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/md1  /raid1/
[root@localhost ~]# cp /etc/passwd /raid1/
[root@localhost ~]# df -Th
文件系统                类型      容量  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs                devtmpfs  974M     0  974M    0% /dev
tmpfs                   tmpfs     991M     0  991M    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                   tmpfs     991M   11M  980M    2% /run
tmpfs                   tmpfs     991M     0  991M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        50G  3.9G   47G    8% /
/dev/mapper/centos-home xfs        47G   37M   47G    1% /home
/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  171M  844M   17% /boot
tmpfs                   tmpfs     199M   44K  198M    1% /run/user/0
/dev/sr0                iso9660   4.5G  4.5G     0  100% /run/media/root/CentOS 7 x86_64
/dev/md0                xfs        40G   33M   40G    1% /raid0
/dev/md1                xfs        20G   33M   20G    1% /raid1

接下俩就是模拟其中一个盘故障然后，指定的备用盘开启替补状态，最后完成替补正常使用
【在删除之前，必须要保证两个磁盘同步完成才可以做模拟故障】

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm  /dev/md1 -f /dev/sde 
mdadm: set /dev/sde faulty in /dev/md1

这个时候，我们已经吧md1上的sde给移除了
然后我们在查看下md1状态

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1 
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Sun Feb 21 06:11:08 2021
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Sun Feb 21 06:17:01 2021
             State : clean, degraded, recovering 
    Active Devices : 1
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 1
     Spare Devices : 1

Consistency Policy : resync

    Rebuild Status : 29% complete

              Name : localhost.localdomain:1  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : b4208bdf:36884b0f:ebe48c44:1272350f
            Events : 25

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       48        0      active sync   /dev/sdd
       2       8       80        1      spare rebuilding   /dev/sdf

       1       8       64        -      faulty   /dev/sde

这时候看sde属于被移除状态了，然后接替他的是sdf这个盘，上面显示正在同步29% sdd会把自身上的数据传递给sdf

然后我们在更新下配置文件

mdadm -Dsv > /etc/mdadm.conf
因为你的磁盘信息都变了，这里的信息也变了

当然我们也可以移除sde

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -r /dev/md1 /dev/sde 
mdadm: hot removed /dev/sde from /dev/md1

然后查看状态

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1 
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Sun Feb 21 06:11:08 2021
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 2
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Sun Feb 21 06:24:10 2021
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 2
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : localhost.localdomain:1  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : b4208bdf:36884b0f:ebe48c44:1272350f
            Events : 43

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       48        0      active sync   /dev/sdd
       2       8       80        1      active sync   /dev/sdf

发现sde被移走了
如果你想吧它在添加回来，这也是可以的

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm  -a /dev/md1 /dev/sde 
mdadm: added /dev/sde

然后查看状态

[root@localhost ~]# mdadm -D /dev/md1 
/dev/md1:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Sun Feb 21 06:11:08 2021
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 20954112 (19.98 GiB 21.46 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 3
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

       Update Time : Sun Feb 21 06:25:02 2021
             State : clean 
    Active Devices : 2
   Working Devices : 3
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 1

Consistency Policy : resync

              Name : localhost.localdomain:1  (local to host localhost.localdomain)
              UUID : b4208bdf:36884b0f:ebe48c44:1272350f
            Events : 44

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       0       8       48        0      active sync   /dev/sdd
       2       8       80        1      active sync   /dev/sdf

       3       8       64        -      spare   /dev/sde

发现sde成备份的盘了