【英语学习】【WOTD】cumulate 释义/词源/示例

cumulate v. [KYOO-myuh-layt]

Definition

1: to gather or pile in a heap
1：收集或堆积成一堆

2: to combine into one
2：组合成一个

3: to build up by addition of new material
3：通过增加新材料进行积累

Did You Know?

Cumulate and its far more common relative accumulate both come from the Latin word cumulare, meaning "to heap up." cumulare, in turn, comes from cumulus, meaning "mass."(Cumulus functions as an English word in its own right as well. It can mean "heap" or "accumulation," or it can refer to a kind of dense puffy cloud with a flat base and rounded outlines.) Cumulate and accumulate overlap in meaning, but you're likely to find cumulate mostly in technical contexts. The word's related adjective, cumulative, however, is used more widely. 

词源演变：cumulus->cumulare->cumulate/cumulative (accumulate/accumulation)

Cumulate以及更加常见与之关联的单词accumulate都来自于拉丁动词cumulare，意思是“堆积起来”。cumulare，又来自于拉丁名词cumulus，意思是“团” （cumulus在英语中也是一个独立的单词，意思是“堆”或“累积”；在气象学中是指一种致密的，肥满的平底圆身云，被称为积云）。cumulate和accumulate在意思上重叠，但是cumulate更可能出现在技术文章中。这个单词的形容词形式是cumulative，可能用的还更广泛一些。

注：far more common: 更加常见  dense:致密的 puffy：浮肿的，膨胀的，肥满的 base：底 outline：轮廓 
cumulus: 积云

Examples

• "In the alternative, the company may provide greater input to minority shareholders by allowing shareholders to cumulate their votes and cast them all for one director."
  --- Gregory Monday, The Milwaukee Business Journal, 5 Mar. 2018
  
  在替代方案中，公司可能会给少数派股东提供更多的输入机会，主要通过允许这些股东积累他们的选票，将其全部都投给某一个主任候选人。
  
  注：alternative n. 替代 vote：选票 cast：投票 cast votes for sb.:把选票投给某人 shareholder：股东
   
• “The report ... compares various income estimates and reaches a similar conclusion: Most Americans have realized small annual increases that ultimately cumulated into meaningful gains."
  -- Robert Samuelson, The Sun Journal (Lewiston, Maine), 12 Dec. 2018
  
  这个报告中...比较了对各种收入的评估，最后达成了一个相似的结论：绝大多数的美国人意识到了较少的年增长最终会积累出颇有意义的收益。
  
  注：reach a conclusion: 得出结论 annual increase：年增长 ultimately：最终 meaningful gain：有意义的/有价值的收益