Linux——配置时间以及时间同步

Linux-配置时间（方式一）

1. 查看本地当前时间 ：

   [root@localhost ~]# date
   Sat Apr  2 01:58:34 PDT 2022
   

2. 安装ntpdate

   [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ntpdate
   Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
   Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
    * base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
    * extras: mirror.lzu.edu.cn
    * updates: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
   base                                                                                                                                    | 3.6 kB  00:00:00     
   extras                                                                                                                                  | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
   updates                                                                                                                                 | 2.9 kB  00:00:00     
   Resolving Dependencies
   --> Running transaction check
   ---> Package ntpdate.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-28.el7.centos will be updated
   --> Processing Dependency: ntpdate = 4.2.6p5-28.el7.centos for package: ntp-4.2.6p5-28.el7.centos.x86_64
   ---> Package ntpdate.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2 will be an update
   --> Running transaction check
   ---> Package ntp.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-28.el7.centos will be updated
   ---> Package ntp.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2 will be an update
   --> Finished Dependency Resolution
   
   Dependencies Resolved
   
   ===============================================================================================================================================================
    Package                            Arch                              Version                                            Repository                       Size
   ===============================================================================================================================================================
   Updating:
    ntpdate                            x86_64                            4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2                            base                             87 k
   Updating for dependencies:
    ntp                                x86_64                            4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2                            base                            549 k
   
   Transaction Summary
   ===============================================================================================================================================================
   Upgrade  1 Package (+1 Dependent package)
   
   Total size: 635 k
   Downloading packages:
   warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/base/packages/ntp-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID f4a80eb5: NOKEY
   Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
   Importing GPG key 0xF4A80EB5:
    Userid     : "CentOS-7 Key (CentOS 7 Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
    Fingerprint: 6341 ab27 53d7 8a78 a7c2 7bb1 24c6 a8a7 f4a8 0eb5
    Package    : centos-release-7-6.1810.2.el7.centos.x86_64 (@anaconda)
    From       : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
   Running transaction check
   Running transaction test
   Transaction test succeeded
   Running transaction
     Updating   : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64                                                                                                      1/4 
     Updating   : ntp-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64                                                                                                          2/4 
     Cleanup    : ntp-4.2.6p5-28.el7.centos.x86_64                                                                                                            3/4 
     Cleanup    : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-28.el7.centos.x86_64                                                                                                        4/4 
     Verifying  : ntp-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64                                                                                                          1/4 
     Verifying  : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2.x86_64                                                                                                      2/4 
     Verifying  : ntp-4.2.6p5-28.el7.centos.x86_64                                                                                                            3/4 
     Verifying  : ntpdate-4.2.6p5-28.el7.centos.x86_64                                                                                                        4/4 
   
   Updated:
     ntpdate.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2                                                                                                                     
   
   Dependency Updated:
     ntp.x86_64 0:4.2.6p5-29.el7.centos.2                                                                                                                         
   
   Complete!
   

3. 通过时钟服务器同步时间

   [root@localhost ~]# ntpdate stdtime.sinica.edu.tw
   

Linux-配置时间（方式二）

1. 通过设置时区的方法设置linux时间

   [root@localhost ~]# tzselect 
   Please identify a location so that time zone rules can be set correctly.
   Please select a continent or ocean.
    1) Africa
    2) Americas
    3) Antarctica
    4) Arctic Ocean
    5) Asia 
    6) Atlantic Ocean
    7) Australia
    8) Europe
    9) Indian Ocean
   10) Pacific Ocean
   11) none - I want to specify the time zone using the Posix TZ format.
   #? 5 
   Please select a country.
    1) Afghanistan		  18) Israel		    35) Palestine
    2) Armenia		  19) Japan		    36) Philippines
    3) Azerbaijan		  20) Jordan		    37) Qatar
    4) Bahrain		  21) Kazakhstan	    38) Russia
    5) Bangladesh		  22) Korea (North)	    39) Saudi Arabia
    6) Bhutan		  23) Korea (South)	    40) Singapore
    7) Brunei		  24) Kuwait		    41) Sri Lanka
    8) Cambodia		  25) Kyrgyzstan	    42) Syria
    9) China		  26) Laos		    43) 此处删除
   10) Cyprus		  27) Lebanon		    44) Tajikistan
   11) East Timor		  28) Macau		    45) Thailand
   12) Georgia		  29) Malaysia		    46) Turkmenistan
   13) 此处删除		  30) Mongolia		    47) United Arab Emirates
   14) India		  31) Myanmar (Burma)	    48) Uzbekistan
   15) Indonesia		  32) Nepal		    49) Vietnam
   16) Iran		  33) Oman		    50) Yemen
   17) Iraq		  34) Pakistan
   #? 9 // 选择国家或地区
   Please select one of the following time zone regions.
   1) Beijing Time
   2) Xinjiang Time
   #? 1 // 选择时区
   
   The following information has been given:
   
   	China
   	Beijing Time
   
   Therefore TZ='Asia/Shanghai' will be used.
   Local time is now:	Sat Apr  2 17:10:23 CST 2022.
   Universal Time is now:	Sat Apr  2 09:10:23 UTC 2022.
   Is the above information OK?
   1) Yes
   2) No
   #? 1
   
   You can make this change permanent for yourself by appending the line
   	TZ='Asia/Shanghai'; export TZ
   to the file '.profile' in your home directory; then log out and log in again.
   
   Here is that TZ value again, this time on standard output so that you
   can use the /usr/bin/tzselect command in shell scripts:
   Asia/Shanghai
   
   

2. 编辑设置系统的时区文件vi/etc/sysconfig/clock 加上zone=asia/shanghai

   [root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/clock
   

3. 设置北京时区为本地时区，接着删除本地的时区文件/etc/localtime

   [root@localhost ~]# rm /etc/localtime
   rm: remove symbolic link ‘/etc/localtime’? y
   [root@localhost ~]# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
   [root@localhost ~]# date
   Sat Apr  2 17:14:35 CST 2022
   

Linux设置定时任务

1. 设置定时任务为了防止客户机宕机

[root@centos7-3 ~]# crontab -e 

追加：*/1 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate us.pool.ntp.org;
每隔1分钟执行指令一次