CentOS7中安装mysql

清理自带mysql

1. 在有些Linux版本中会自带有MySQL数据库，所以在安装之前，需要检查当前Linux环境中是否已有MySQL数据库，若有，则先将其卸载。

2. 查看当前系统是否自带MySQL数据库:

   # rpm -qa | grep mysql
   

3. 执行 rpm -qa | grep mysql 命令来查看当然系统是否自带有MySQL数据库，若有，则会显示MySQL软件名称。

4. 卸载自带的MySQL数据库

   # rpm -e --nodeps mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.i686
   

5. 命令 rpm -e --nodeps [要卸载的软件名] 用于卸载软件。

下载安装官方的yum源

1. 查看yum源仓库：ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
2. 下载yum源：wget -P /usr/software http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6- 5.noarch.rpm

[root@centos7-1 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@centos7-1 ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/
总用量 32
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1664 11月 23 2018 CentOS-Base.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1309 11月 23 2018 CentOS-CR.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  649 11月 23 2018 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  314 11月 23 2018 CentOS-fasttrack.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  630 11月 23 2018 CentOS-Media.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1331 11月 23 2018 CentOS-Sources.repo
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5701 11月 23 2018 CentOS-Vault.repo
[root@centos7-1 ~]# wget -P /usr/software http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
--2022-04-04 02:12:26--  http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
正在解析主机 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.13.185.161
正在连接 repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.13.185.161|:80... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：5824 (5.7K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
正在保存至: “/usr/software/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm”

100%[=====================================================================================================================>] 5,824       --.-K/s 用时 0s      

2022-04-04 02:12:26 (16.9 MB/s) - 已保存 “/usr/software/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm” [5824/5824])

[root@centos7-1 ~]# cd /usr/software
[root@centos7-1 software]# pwd
/usr/software
[root@centos7-1 software]# ll
总用量 198304
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   8900571 3月  19 04:25 apache-tomcat-7.0.57.tar.gz
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 194151339 3月  28 12:52 jdk-8u231-linux-x64.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root      5824 11月 12 2015 mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
[root@centos7-1 software]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
准备中...                          ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
   1:mysql-community-release-el6-5    ################################# [100%]
[root@centos7-1 software]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@centos7-1 yum.repos.d]# pwd
/etc/yum.repos.d
[root@centos7-1 yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Media.repo    CentOS-Vault.repo     mysql-community-source.repo
CentOS-CR.repo    CentOS-fasttrack.repo  CentOS-Sources.repo  mysql-community.repo
[root@centos7-1 yum.repos.d]# cd /usr/software
[root@centos7-1 software]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
...需要时间比较久
已安装:
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.51-2.el6                                    mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.51-2.el6                                   

作为依赖被安装:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.51-2.el6        mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.51-2.el6        perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7       
  perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7         perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7                       perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7              
  perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7               perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7                 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7                  

替代:
  mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.60-1.el7_5                                                                                                                         

完毕！

3. 测试是否安装成功：rpm -qa | grep mysql

   [root@centos7-1 software]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
   mysql-community-client-5.6.51-2.el6.x86_64
   mysql-community-common-5.6.51-2.el6.x86_64
   mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch
   mysql-community-libs-5.6.51-2.el6.x86_64
   mysql-community-server-5.6.51-2.el6.x86_64
   [root@centos7-1 software]# 
   

启动mysql，设置密码

	[root@centos7-1 software]# service mysqlid start
	Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysqlid.service
	Failed to start mysqlid.service: Unit not found.
	[root@centos7-1 software]# service mysqld start
	Starting mysqld (via systemctl):                           [  确定  ]
	[root@centos7-1 software]# service mysqld stayus
	Usage: /etc/init.d/mysqld {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}
	[root@centos7-1 software]# /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123'
	Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
	[root@centos7-1 software]# mysql -uroot -p123
	Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
	Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
	Your MySQL connection id is 3
	Server version: 5.6.51 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
	
	Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
	
	Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
	affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
	owners.
	
	Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
	
	mysql> Ctrl-C -- exit!
	Aborted

解决mysql中文乱码问题

1. 解决mysql因为编码原因而导致的数据库乱码
2. 可以修改MySQL数据库字符编码为UTF-8，UTF-8是国际编码

# 进入mysql
mysql -uroot -p123
# 查看编码集 发现不是utf8
show variables like 'character_set_%';
# 清空 mysql 配置文件内容
[root@Hadoop-NN-01 ~]# >/etc/my.cnf
# 修改mysql 软件的编码集
[root@Hadoop-NN-01 ~]# vi /etc/my.cnf
...修改内容
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8

3. 重启MySQL服务：‘service mysqld restart’

默认情况下 mysql服务端不允许客户端远程访问

1. 因为 用户 没有 远程访问的权限

   # 给root授权:既可以本地访问, 也可以远程访问
   grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123' with grant
   option;
   # 刷新权限(可选)
   flush privileges;