ServletContext对象、获取MIME类型、域对象、获取文件的真实路径

ServletContext对象:

1. 概念

代表整个web应用，可以和程序的容器(服务器)来通信;

2. 获取ServletContext对象

1. 通过request对象获取
   request.getServletContext();
2. 通过HttpServlet获取
   this.getServletContext();

@WebServlet("/contextServletDemo1")
public class ContextServletDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //ServletContext对象获取：
        //1.通过request对象来获取
        ServletContext context1 = request.getServletContext();
        //2.通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context2 = this.getServletContext();

        System.out.println(context1);
        System.out.println(context2);
        System.out.println(context1==context2);

        /*输出
        org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@44e39f2e
        org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationContextFacade@44e39f2e
        true
         */
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

---

3.功能:

1.获取MIME类型:ServletContext功能:

• MIME类型:
  在互联网通信过程中定义的一种文件数据类型

• 格式:
  大类型/小类型
text/html
image/jpeg

获取: String getMimeType(String file)

@WebServlet("/contextServletDemo2")
public class ContextServletDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();

        //定义文件名称
        String filename = "a.jpg";

        //获取MIME类型
        String mimeType = context.getMimeType(filename);
        System.out.println(mimeType);//image/jpeg
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

---

2.域对象：共享数据

1. setAttribute(string name ,object value)
2. getAttribute(String name)
3. removeAttribute(string name)
   ServletContext对象范围: 所有用户所有请求的数据

设置数据

@WebServlet("/contextServletDemo3")
public class ContextServletDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();

        //设置数据
        context.setAttribute("msg","hello");
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

获取数据

@WebServlet("/contextServletDemo4")
public class ContextServletDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();

        //获取数据
        Object msg = context.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}

---

3.获取文件的真实(服务器)路径

@WebServlet("/contextServletDemo5")
public class ContextServletDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

        //通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();

        //获取文件的服务器路径
        String realPath = context.getRealPath("/a.txt");//web目录下资源访问
        System.out.println(realPath);
        //File file = new File(realPath);

        String pathb = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/b.txt");//WEB-INF目录下的
        System.out.println(pathb);

        String pathc = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/classes/c.txt");//src目录下的
        System.out.println(pathc);

    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        this.doPost(request,response);
    }
}