Spring启航

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已于 2022-04-10 15:31:58 修改

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分类专栏： spring 文章标签： spring

于 2022-04-09 23:26:48 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43478315/article/details/124063491

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1、Spring配置文件

在这里插入图片描述
singleton是单例的，prototype是多例的

2、Bean的属性注入

1、set方法注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--set方式注入：值类型和引用类型-->
    <bean name="user" class="com.wisedu.springDemo.User">
        <!--为User对象中名为name的属性注入tom作为值-->
        <property name="name" value="tom"></property>
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
        <!--为car属性注入下方配置的car对象-->
        <property name="car" ref="car"></property>
    </bean>

    <!--必须将car对象配置到容器中-->
    <bean name="car" class="com.wisedu.springDemo.Car">
        <property name="name" value="兰博基尼"></property>
        <property name="color" value="黄色"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

package com.wisedu.springDemo;
 
public class User {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Car car;
 
    public User() {    System.out.println("User对象空构造方法");    }
 
    public String getName() {    return name;    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {    this.name = name;    }
 
    public Integer getAge() {    return age;    }
 
    public void setAge(Integer age) {    this.age = age;    }
 
    public Car getCar() {    return car;    }
 
    public void setCar(Car car) {    this.car = car;    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", car=" + car +
                '}';
    }
}

package com.wisedu.springDemo;
 
public class Car {
    private String name;
    private String color;
 
    public String getName() {    return name;    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {    this.name = name;    }
 
    public String getColor() {    return color;    }
 
    public void setColor(String color) {    this.color = color;    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Car{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", color='" + color + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

2、构造函数注入

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--set方式注入：值类型和引用类型-->
    <bean name="user" class="com.wisedu.springDemo.User">
        <!--为User对象中名为name的属性注入tom作为值-->
        <property name="name" value="tom"></property>
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
        <!--为car属性注入下方配置的car对象-->
        <property name="car" ref="car"></property>
    </bean>

	<!-- 构造函数注入 -->
	<bean name="user2" class="com.wisedu.springDemo.User">
    	<constructor-arg name="name" value="jerry"></constructor-arg>
    	<constructor-arg name="age" value="18"></constructor-arg>
    	<constructor-arg name="car" ref="car"></constructor-arg>
	</bean>

    <!--必须将car对象配置到容器中-->
    <bean name="car" class="com.wisedu.springDemo.Car">
        <property name="name" value="兰博基尼"></property>
        <property name="color" value="黄色"></property>
    </bean>

</beans>

package com.wisedu.springDemo;

public class User {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private Car car;
 
    public User() {
        System.out.println("User对象空构造方法");
    }
    //构造函数注入属性
 	public User(String name, Car car) {
        System.out.println("User(String name,Integer age,Car car)");
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.car = car;
	}
	
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
 
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
 
    public Car getCar() {
        return car;
    }
 
    public void setCar(Car car) {
        this.car = car;
    }
 
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", car=" + car +
                '}';
    }
}

3、复杂类型注入

<!--复杂类型注入-->
    <bean name="cb" class="com.wisedu.injection.CollectionBean">
        <!--如果数组中只准备注入一个值（对象），直接使用value或ref即可。比如下面的配置直接往数组中注入了一个值tom-->
        <!--<property name="arr" value="tom"></property>-->
        <!--如果数组中准备注入多个元素-->
        <property name="arr">
            <array>
                <value>tom</value>
                <value>jerry</value>
                <ref bean="user4"/>
            </array>
        </property>
 
        <!--如果List中只准备注入一个值（对象），直接使用value或ref即可。-->
        <!--<property name="list" value="jack"></property>-->
        <!--如果list中准备注入多个元素-->
        <property name="list">
            <list>
                <value>jack</value>
                <value>rose</value>
                <ref bean="user3"/>
            </list>
        </property>
 
        <!--map类型注入-->
        <property name="map">
            <map>
                <entry key="url" value="jdbc:mysql://crm"></entry>
                <entry key="car" value-ref="car"></entry>
                <entry key-ref="user3" value-ref="user4"></entry>
            </map>
        </property>
 
        <!--Properties类型注入-->
        <property name="prop">
            <props>
                <prop key="driverClass">com.jdbc.mysql.Driver</prop>
                <prop key="userName">root</prop>
                <prop key="password">123456</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
 
    </bean>

3、getBean()方法使用

        ApplicationContext app = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        //参数类型是字符串，适用于多个同样类型的，但是id不同的
        //UserService userService = (UserService) app.getBean("userService");
        //参数类型是class类型，适用于只有一个
        UserService userService = app.getBean(UserService.class);
        userService.save();

只能用字符串类型
在这里插入图片描述

4、spring容器加载properties文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation=
               "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
                http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <!--加载外部proprieties文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
    </bean>