Tensorflow实战08-带标志的多类

注：学习完深度学习的基本知识后，本练习可帮助大家逐步从理论转向实战，如果对深度学习还不太了解，前先学习深度学习的基本知识以及原理

本练习的数据可从以下网址获得：https://www.kaggle.com/datamunge/sign-language-mnist/home

注册并下载以查找2个CSV文件：Sign\u mnist_测试.csv还有签名_火车.csv–您将使用此按钮上载这两个文件，然后才能继续。

在下方有空的地方填写代码并检验：

import csv
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from google.colab import files

uploaded=files.upload()

def get_data(filename):
  # You will need to write code that will read the file passed
  # into this function. The first line contains the column headers
  # so you should ignore it
  # Each successive line contians 785 comma separated values between 0 and 255
  # The first value is the label
  # The rest are the pixel values for that picture
  # The function will return 2 np.array types. One with all the labels
  # One with all the images
  #
  # Tips: 
  # If you read a full line (as 'row') then row[0] has the label
  # and row[1:785] has the 784 pixel values
  # Take a look at np.array_split to turn the 784 pixels into 28x28
  # You are reading in strings, but need the values to be floats
  # Check out np.array().astype for a conversion
    with open(filename) as training_file:
      # Your code starts here
      # Your code ends here
    return images, labels


training_images, training_labels = get_data('sign_mnist_train.csv')
testing_images, testing_labels = get_data('sign_mnist_test.csv')

# Keep these
print(training_images.shape)
print(training_labels.shape)
print(testing_images.shape)
print(testing_labels.shape)

# Their output should be:
# (27455, 28, 28)
# (27455,)
# (7172, 28, 28)
# (7172,)

# In this section you will have to add another dimension to the data
# So, for example, if your array is (10000, 28, 28)
# You will need to make it (10000, 28, 28, 1)
# Hint: np.expand_dims

training_images = # Your Code Here
testing_images = # Your Code Here

# Create an ImageDataGenerator and do Image Augmentation
train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
    # Your Code Here
    )

validation_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
    # Your Code Here)
    
# Keep These
print(training_images.shape)
print(testing_images.shape)
    
# Their output should be:
# (27455, 28, 28, 1)
# (7172, 28, 28, 1)

# Define the model
# Use no more than 2 Conv2D and 2 MaxPooling2D
model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
    # Your Code Here
    )

# Compile Model. 
model.compile(# Your Code Here)

# Train the Model
history = model.fit_generator(# Your Code Here)

model.evaluate(testing_images, testing_labels)
    
# The output from model.evaluate should be close to:
[6.92426086682151, 0.56609035]

# Plot the chart for accuracy and loss on both training and validation

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
acc = # Your Code Here
val_acc = # Your Code Here
loss = # Your Code Here
val_loss = # Your Code Here

epochs = range(len(acc))

plt.plot(epochs, acc, 'r', label='Training accuracy')
plt.plot(epochs, val_acc, 'b', label='Validation accuracy')
plt.title('Training and validation accuracy')
plt.legend()
plt.figure()

plt.plot(epochs, loss, 'r', label='Training Loss')
plt.plot(epochs, val_loss, 'b', label='Validation Loss')
plt.title('Training and validation loss')
plt.legend()

plt.show()

参考答案：

import csv
import numpy as np
import tensorflow as tf
from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from google.colab import files

uploaded=files.upload()

def get_data(filename):
    with open(filename) as training_file:
        csv_reader = csv.reader(training_file, delimiter=',')
        first_line = True
        temp_images = []
        temp_labels = []
        for row in csv_reader:
            if first_line:
                # print("Ignoring first line")
                first_line = False
            else:
                temp_labels.append(row[0])
                image_data = row[1:785]
                image_data_as_array = np.array_split(image_data, 28)
                temp_images.append(image_data_as_array)
        images = np.array(temp_images).astype('float')
        labels = np.array(temp_labels).astype('float')
    return images, labels


training_images, training_labels = get_data('sign_mnist_train.csv')
testing_images, testing_labels = get_data('sign_mnist_test.csv')

print(training_images.shape)
print(training_labels.shape)
print(testing_images.shape)
print(testing_labels.shape)

training_images = np.expand_dims(training_images, axis=3)
testing_images = np.expand_dims(testing_images, axis=3)

train_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
    rescale=1. / 255,
    rotation_range=40,
    width_shift_range=0.2,
    height_shift_range=0.2,
    shear_range=0.2,
    zoom_range=0.2,
    horizontal_flip=True,
    fill_mode='nearest')

validation_datagen = ImageDataGenerator(
    rescale=1. / 255)

print(training_images.shape)
print(testing_images.shape)

model = tf.keras.models.Sequential([
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu', input_shape=(28, 28, 1)),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2, 2),
    tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'),
    tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2, 2),
    tf.keras.layers.Flatten(),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation=tf.nn.relu),
    tf.keras.layers.Dense(26, activation=tf.nn.softmax)])

model.compile(optimizer = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(),
              loss = 'sparse_categorical_crossentropy',
              metrics=['accuracy'])

history = model.fit_generator(train_datagen.flow(training_images, training_labels, batch_size=32),
                              steps_per_epoch=len(training_images) / 32,
                              epochs=15,
                              validation_data=validation_datagen.flow(testing_images, testing_labels, batch_size=32),
                              validation_steps=len(testing_images) / 32)

model.evaluate(testing_images, testing_labels)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
acc = history.history['acc']
val_acc = history.history['val_acc']
loss = history.history['loss']
val_loss = history.history['val_loss']

epochs = range(len(acc))

plt.plot(epochs, acc, 'r', label='Training accuracy')
plt.plot(epochs, val_acc, 'b', label='Validation accuracy')
plt.title('Training and validation accuracy')
plt.legend()
plt.figure()

plt.plot(epochs, loss, 'r', label='Training Loss')
plt.plot(epochs, val_loss, 'b', label='Validation Loss')
plt.title('Training and validation loss')
plt.legend()

plt.show()