JAVA-设计模式-责任链模式（代码示例）

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已于 2023-09-08 18:25:38 修改

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文章标签： java 设计模式责任链模式

于 2023-09-08 18:21:12 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43521113/article/details/132764401

版权

为方便展示设计思想改进前

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink;

public class dutyLink1 {

    public static class OneHandler {
        public static Integer handler(Integer number) {
            if (number >= 10) {
                //具体逻辑处理
                System.out.println("OneHandler " + number);
            }
            return number;
        }
    }

    public static class TwoHandler {
        public static Integer handler(Integer number) {
            if (number >= 100) {
                //具体逻辑处理
                System.out.println("TwoHandler " + number);
            }
            return number;
        }
    }

    public static class ThreeHandler {
        public static Integer handler(Integer number) {
            if (number >= 1000) {
                //具体逻辑处理
                System.out.println("ThreeHandler " + number);
            }
            return number;
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        OneHandler oneHandler = new OneHandler();
        TwoHandler twoHandler = new TwoHandler();
        ThreeHandler threeHandler = new ThreeHandler();

        Integer number = 10;
        //数量 大于等于 10 100 1000 进入下次逻辑处理
        number = oneHandler.handler(number);
        if (number >= 100) {
            number = twoHandler.handler(number);
            if (number >= 1000) {
                number = threeHandler.handler(number);
                if(number >=1000){
                    //如判断条件约束越多 此处嵌套越多
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

为方便展示设计思想改进后(高级应用)

改进后只需增加枚举中额外责任对象即可业务逻辑顺序调整也比方便功能清晰

1、统一管理责任链责任对象

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.abs;

public abstract class DutyLinkAbstract {

    protected DutyLinkAbstract next;

    public void setNext(DutyLinkAbstract next) {
        this.next = next;
    }

    //顺序责任链处理
    public abstract void service(Integer  number);
    //条件责任链处理
    public abstract void service(String  str);
}

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service;

import com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.abs.DutyLinkAbstract;

public class ApiDutyLink extends DutyLinkAbstract {

    public ApiDutyLink() {
//        System.out.println(this.getClass());
    }

    @Override
    public void service(Integer  number) {
        System.out.println("API接口拦截");
        if(this.next != null && number >10){
            this.next.service(number);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void service(String str) {
        if ("AAA".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            System.out.println("API接口拦截 处理请求");
        } else if (this.next != null) {
            this.next.service(str);
        }
    }
}

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service;

import com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.abs.DutyLinkAbstract;

public class BlackDutyLink extends DutyLinkAbstract {
    public BlackDutyLink() {
//        System.out.println(this.getClass());
    }

    @Override
    public void service(Integer number) {
        System.out.println("黑名单白名单拦截");
        if (this.next != null && number > 100) {
            this.next.service(number);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void service(String str) {
        if ("BBB".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            System.out.println("黑名单白名单拦截 处理请求");
        } else if (this.next != null) {
            this.next.service(str);
        }
    }
}

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service;

import com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.abs.DutyLinkAbstract;

public class UserDutyLink extends DutyLinkAbstract {
    public UserDutyLink() {
//        System.out.println(this.getClass());
    }

    @Override
    public void service(Integer number) {
        System.out.println("用户登录拦截");
        if (this.next != null && number > 1000) {
            this.next.service(number);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void service(String str) {
        if ("ccc".equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
            System.out.println("用户登录拦截 处理请求");
        } else if (this.next != null) {
            this.next.service(str);
        }
    }
}

2、统一处理初始化责任链

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4;


public enum DutyLinkEnum {
    // 责任链id 责任链名称 责任链全限定路径 上一个责任链 下一个责任链
    ONE_HANDLER(new DutyLinkEntity(1, "API接口拦截", "com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.ApiDutyLink", null, 2)),
    TWO_HANDLER(new DutyLinkEntity(2, "黑名单白名单拦截", "com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.BlackDutyLink", 1, 3)),
    THREE_HANDLER(new DutyLinkEntity(3, "用户登录拦截", "com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.UserDutyLink", 2, null)),
    ;

    DutyLinkEntity dutyLinkEntity;

    public DutyLinkEntity getDutyLinkEntity() {
        return dutyLinkEntity;
    }

    DutyLinkEnum(DutyLinkEntity dutyLinkEntity) {
        this.dutyLinkEntity = dutyLinkEntity;
    }
}

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4;


public class DutyLinkEntity {

    private Integer dutyLinkId;
    private String dutyLinkName;
    private String classPathName;
    private Integer preId;
    private Integer nextId;

    public DutyLinkEntity(Integer dutyLinkId, String dutyLinkName, String classPathName, Integer preId, Integer nextId) {
        this.dutyLinkId = dutyLinkId;
        this.dutyLinkName = dutyLinkName;
        this.classPathName = classPathName;
        this.preId = preId;
        this.nextId = nextId;
    }

    public DutyLinkEntity() {
    }

    public Integer getDutyLinkId() {
        return dutyLinkId;
    }

    public void setDutyLinkId(Integer dutyLinkId) {
        this.dutyLinkId = dutyLinkId;
    }

    public String getDutyLinkName() {
        return dutyLinkName;
    }

    public void setDutyLinkName(String dutyLinkName) {
        this.dutyLinkName = dutyLinkName;
    }

    public String getClassPathName() {
        return classPathName;
    }

    public void setClassPathName(String classPathName) {
        this.classPathName = classPathName;
    }

    public Integer getPreId() {
        return preId;
    }

    public void setPreId(Integer preId) {
        this.preId = preId;
    }

    public Integer getNextId() {
        return nextId;
    }

    public void setNextId(Integer nextId) {
        this.nextId = nextId;
    }
}

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class DutyLinkDao {


    //初始化 将枚举中配置的责任对象放到map中  方便获取
    private static Map<Integer, DutyLinkEntity> dutyLinkMap = new HashMap<>();

    static {
        for (DutyLinkEnum value : DutyLinkEnum.values()) {
            DutyLinkEntity gatewayEntity = value.getDutyLinkEntity();
            dutyLinkMap.put(gatewayEntity.getDutyLinkId(), gatewayEntity);
        }
    }

    public DutyLinkEntity getDutyLinkEntity(Integer dutyLinkId) {
        return dutyLinkMap.get(dutyLinkId);
    }

    public DutyLinkEntity getFirstEntity() {
        for (Map.Entry<Integer, DutyLinkEntity> entry : dutyLinkMap.entrySet()) {
            DutyLinkEntity value = entry.getValue();
            //  当不存在 上一个责任对象id时   及第一个 （可以写死）
            if (value.getPreId() == null) {
                return value;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4;

import com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.abs.DutyLinkAbstract;

public class DutyLinkEnumFactory {

    private static DutyLinkDao dutyLinkDao = new DutyLinkDao();

    // 使用工厂模式 方便取用  并将多个责任对象串行起来(责任链)
    public static DutyLinkAbstract getFirstHandler() {

        DutyLinkEntity firstEntity = dutyLinkDao.getFirstEntity();
        DutyLinkAbstract dutyLinkAbstract = newDutyLinkEntity(firstEntity);
        if (dutyLinkAbstract == null) {
            return null;
        }

        DutyLinkEntity tempEntity = firstEntity;
        Integer nextId = null;
        DutyLinkAbstract tempAbstract = dutyLinkAbstract;
        // 迭代所有DutyLink，以及将它们链接起来
        while ((nextId = tempEntity.getNextId()) != null) {
            DutyLinkEntity dutyLinkEntity = dutyLinkDao.getDutyLinkEntity(nextId);
            DutyLinkAbstract newAbstract = newDutyLinkEntity(dutyLinkEntity);
            tempAbstract.setNext(newAbstract);
            tempAbstract = newAbstract;
            tempEntity = dutyLinkEntity;
        }
    // 返回第一个handler
        return dutyLinkAbstract;
    }



     //反射  生成责任对象
    private static DutyLinkAbstract newDutyLinkEntity(DutyLinkEntity firstEntity) {
        // 获取全限定类名
        String classPathName = firstEntity.getClassPathName();
        try {
            // 根据全限定类名，加载并初始类
            Class<?> clazz = Class.forName(classPathName);
            return (DutyLinkAbstract) clazz.newInstance();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | IllegalAccessException | InstantiationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }


}

3、测试类

package com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.mian;

import com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.DutyLinkEnumFactory;
import com.example.dutyLink.dutyLink4.service.abs.DutyLinkAbstract;

public class dutyLink4 {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        DutyLinkAbstract dutyLinkAbstract = DutyLinkEnumFactory.getFirstHandler();
        dutyLinkAbstract.service(10);
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        dutyLinkAbstract.service(100);
        System.out.println("--------------------------------");
        dutyLinkAbstract.service(1000);


        System.out.println(">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>");
        String str = "CCC";
        dutyLinkAbstract.service(str);
    }
}