Spring框架学习——JDBC Template 实现数据库操作
为了简化持久化操作,Spring在JDBC API之上提供了JDBC Template组件
1. 添加依赖
<dependencies>
<!--测试相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!--Spring核心基础依赖-->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-core -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-context -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.1.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--日志相关-->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- AOP联盟依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-aop -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--aspectJ相关依赖-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Mysql驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.0.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
2、配置数据源
在applicationContext.xml文件中配置数据源
<!-- 配置数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<!-- mysql数据驱动-->
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
<!--连接数据库的URL-->
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/stu?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8"></property>
<!--连接数据库的用户名-->
<property name="username" value="root"></property>
<property name="password" value="root"></property>
</bean>
<!--配置JDBC模板-->
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
3、update方法
使用update方法对数据进行增删改操作
获取JdbcTemplate对象,
添加数据:
ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate= (JdbcTemplate) applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
String sql="insert into student (name,age,sex) values(?,?,?)";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,new Object[]{"你好呀",20,"男"});
System.out.println("添加成功!");
修改数据:
ApplicationContext applicationContext=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate= (JdbcTemplate) applicationContext.getBean("jdbcTemplate");
String sql="update student set name=?,age=?,sex=? where id=?";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,"红楼梦","100","女",194);
System.out.println("修改成功!");
删除数据:
String sql="delete from student where id=?";
jdbcTemplate.update(sql,194);
System.out.println("删除成功!");
批量操作数据,批量执行多SQL语句
String[] sqls = {
"insert into book(name,author,price) values('Java基础','张三',90)",
"insert into book(name,author,price) values('C语言','李四',80)",
"insert into book(name,author,price) values('Web前端','王五',95)",
"update book set name='水浒传',author='施耐庵' where id=1",
};
jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sqls);
批量操作数据,执行同SQL语句
String sql = "insert into book(name,author,price) values(?,?,?)";
List<Object[]> list = new ArrayList<Object[]>();
list.add(new Object[]{"HTML","Tom",90.8});
list.add(new Object[]{"CSS","Jack",88});
list.add(new Object[]{"JavaScript","Lily",89});
jdbcTemplate.batchUpdate(sql,list);
4、查询简单类型
查询单个数据
String sql = "select count(*) from book";
int count = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,Integer.class);
System.out.println(count);
查询多个数据
String sql = "select name from student where sex=?";
List<String> list = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql,String.class,"男");
System.out.println(list);
输出结果:
[石光辉, 大哥, 哈哈, 法分开, 小崽子, 小陈, 你好呀, C语言, Web前端, C语言, Web前端, C语言, Web前端]
查询单个对象
String sql = "select * from student where id=?";
Map<String,Object> map = jdbcTemplate.queryForMap(sql,105);
System.out.println(map);
输出结果为:
{id=105, name=方刚发, age=29, sex=女}
查询多个对象
String sql = "select * from student";
List<Map<String,Object>> list =jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
System.out.println(list);
注意:在这里查询到结果太多,这里不再显示!
6、查询复杂类型(封装为实体对象)
创建实体类
复制代码
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private int age;
private String sex;
//getter、setter、toString方法
}
复制代码
查询单个对象
String sql = "select * from student where id=?";
Student stu = jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Student>(Student.class),2);
System.out.println(stu);
查询多个对象
String sql = "select * from student";
List<Student> list = jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new BeanPropertyRowMapper<Student>(Student.class));
System.out.println(list);