Java如何对数据库进行增删查改MySql

1、首先需要建立数据库的连接
这里的getConnention中user和password根据我们装MySQL时的填的信息进行填写
假设我们的数据库信息如下：

id	username	password
12	小红	121321
25	小刚	213123

package com;

import java.sql.*;

public class DBInit {


    static  Connection getCon(){
        Connection connection = null;
        try {
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/user?" +
                    "useSSL=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&user=root&password=123");
            System.out.println("连接成功");
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return  connection;
    }

    static  void deleteCon(Connection con,PreparedStatement st,ResultSet rs){
        if(con!=null){
            try {
                con.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if(st!=null){
            try {
                st.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        if(rs!=null){
            try {
                rs.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

2、查询数据库
在这里我们显示所有的数据库信息

package com;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DBSearch {
    public  static  void  main(String []args){
        PreparedStatement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        Connection connection =DBInit.getCon();
        try {
            String sql = "select * from userinfo";
            st = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            rs =  st.executeQuery();
            while (rs.next()){
                System.out.println(rs.getInt(1));
                System.out.println(rs.getString(2));
                System.out.println(rs.getString(3));
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            DBInit.deleteCon(connection,st,rs);
        }
    }

}

3、删除数据库中的信息
在这里我们删除username为"小刚"的所有信息

package com;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DBDelete {
    public  static  void main(String []args){
        PreparedStatement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        Connection connection =DBInit.getCon();
        try {
            String sql = "delete  from userinfo where username ='小刚'";
            st = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            int rows =st.executeUpdate();
            if(rows > 0) {
                System.out.println("删除成功!");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            DBInit.deleteCon(connection,st,rs);
        }
    }
}

4、修改数据库中的信息
在这里我们我们将id=‘12’的username改为’小虎’

package com;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DBModify {
    public  static  void main(String []args){
        PreparedStatement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        Connection connection =DBInit.getCon();
        try {
            String sql = "update userinfo set username = '小虎' where id = '12'";
            st = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            int rows =st.executeUpdate();
            if(rows > 0) {
                System.out.println("修改成功!");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            DBInit.deleteCon(connection,st,rs);
        }
    }

}

5、增加一条信息到数据库中
在这里我们添加一条成员的信息id=25,username=“小刚”，password=“213123”

package com;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class DBAdd {
    public  static  void main(String []args){
        PreparedStatement st = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        Connection connection =DBInit.getCon();
        try {
            String sql = "insert into userinfo(id,username,password) values(?,?,?)";

            st = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            st.setInt(1,25);
            st.setString(2,"小刚");
            st.setString(3,"213123");
            int rows =st.executeUpdate();
            if(rows > 0) {
                System.out.println("添加成功!");
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally {
            DBInit.deleteCon(connection,st,rs);
        }
    }
}

注意在运行这部分代码时，最好按照顺序进行，否则可能出现一些由于主键引起的问题，在做项目时可以用实体bean来作为存储数据库信息的中间变量，一个表对应一个实体bean。这样能够是我们的代码更加模块化