经典SQL练习--查询成绩最好前两名等、删除表中重复记录、存储过程示例

目录

一、删除表中重复记录

二、经典SQL练习--查询成绩最好前两名等

1、准备工作

2、SQL之查询每门功课成绩最好的前两名类似问题 

3、经典SQL练习一

4、经典SQL练习二

5、经典SQL练习三

6、存储过程示例

---

一、删除表中重复记录

--把cat表的记录distinct后的结果放入#temp临时表

select distinct * into #temp from cat

--把cat表的记录清空

delete from cat

--把#temp表的数据（无重复）插入cat表

insert into cat select * from #temp

--删除临时表#temp

drop table #temp

二、经典SQL练习--查询成绩最好前两名等

1、准备工作

新建数据库school，设置字符集为utf8mb4，排序规则为utf8mb4_unicode_ci。

# 建立 Student 学生表
CREATE TABLE Student(
s_id VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8,
s_name VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL,
s_birth VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL, 
s_sex VARCHAR(10) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(s_id)	# 主键
);

# 建立 Course 课程表
CREATE TABLE Course(
c_id VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8,
c_name VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL,
t_id VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(c_id)	# 主键
);

# 建立 Teacher 教师表
CREATE TABLE Teacher(
t_id VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8,
t_name VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
PRIMARY KEY(t_id)	# 主键
);

# 建立 Score 分数表
CREATE TABLE Score(
s_id VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8,
c_id VARCHAR(20) CHARACTER SET utf8,
s_score INT(3),
PRIMARY KEY(s_id, c_id)  # 联合主键
);

# 添加外键
# 语法：ALTER TABLE 从表 ADD FOREIGN KEY(外键字段) REFERENCES 主表(主键字段)
ALTER TABLE Course ADD constraint fk FOREIGN KEY(t_id) REFERENCES Teacher(t_id);
ALTER TABLE Score ADD constraint fk1 FOREIGN KEY(s_id) REFERENCES Student(s_id);
ALTER TABLE Score ADD constraint fk2 FOREIGN KEY(c_id) REFERENCES Course(c_id);

# 分别向四张表中插入数据
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('01', '赵雷', '1990-01-01', '男');
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('02', '钱电', '1990-12-21', '男');
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('03', '孙风', '1990-05-20', '男');
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('04', '李云', '1990-08-06', '男');
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('05', '周梅', '1991-12-01', '女');
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('06', '吴兰', '1992-03-01', '女');
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('07', '郑竹', '1989-07-01', '女');
INSERT INTO Student VALUES('08', '王菊', '1990-01-20', '女');

INSERT INTO Teacher VALUES('01', '张三');
INSERT INTO Teacher VALUES('02', '李四');
INSERT INTO Teacher VALUES('03', '王五');

INSERT INTO Course VALUES('01', '语文', '02');
INSERT INTO Course VALUES('02', '数学', '01');
INSERT INTO Course VALUES('03', '英语', '03');

INSERT INTO Score VALUES('01', '01', 80);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('01', '02', 90);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('01', '03', 99);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('02', '01', 70);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('02', '02', 60);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('02', '03', 80);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('03', '01', 80);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('03', '02', 80);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('03', '03', 80);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('04', '01', 50);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('04', '02', 30);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('04', '03', 20);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('05', '01', 76);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('05', '02', 87);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('06', '01', 31);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('06', '03', 34);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('07', '02', 89);
INSERT INTO Score VALUES('07', '03', 98);

2、SQL之查询每门功课成绩最好的前两名类似问题 

#2.查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩（不考虑成绩相同的情况）
-- 表纵向union合并：
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b 
on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=01 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 1,2 )
union ALL
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b 
on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=02 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 1,2 )
union ALL
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b 
on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=03 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 1,2 );



#3.查询每门功课成绩最好的前两名:
#方式1
select c.c_name,
(select s_id from score s where s.c_id = c.c_id ORDER BY s_score desc LIMIT 
0,1) as '第一名学号',
(select s_id from score s where s.c_id = c.c_id ORDER BY s_score desc LIMIT 
1,1) as '第二名学号'
from course c;

#方式2									-- <是只和成绩比自己高的做联接，是查询正数前两名
select * from score a LEFT JOIN score b on a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score
<b.s_score GROUP BY a.c_id,a.s_id	-- 最终
HAVING count(a.c_id)<2   -- <2是：找出比自己成绩高的唯一1名，以及自己（即表连接的右边是null的，因为是left join，右边为null的是成绩没有比自己高的）。                       
order by a.c_id;
-- 这种方法的原理是查询同一门课程中，比自己分数高的学生的数量，
-- [第一名比自己高的数量为0]，第二名为1，第三名为2.以此类推，所以只要查询count()<2即可
										-- >是只和成绩比自己低的做联接，是查询倒数前两名
select * from score a LEFT JOIN score b on a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score
>b.s_score GROUP BY a.c_id,a.s_id	-- 最终
HAVING count(a.c_id)<2   -- <2是：找出比自己成绩低的唯一1名，以及自己（即表连接的右边是null的，因为是left join，右边为null的是成绩没有比自己低的）。 																	
order by a.c_id;

#方式3
select a.* from score as a
where 
(select count(1) from score where c_id=a.c_id and s_score>a.s_score) < 2 
-- 要求：a.s_score < 本表的同一c_id下的s_score的数量 <2个
-- 即：a表的a.c_id下的某a.s_score  在  a表的a.c_id下的集合中 排名前2（<2）
ORDER BY a.c_id;

---

select * from store_grab_index_flow_data_weekly as a where a.storeid=#{storeId} and a.statistic_date=#{statistic_date}
and a.FlowdataDetail ='汇总' and a.pid in('643081718001','651003852832','645070059245','665072480297','643148186487')
and (
SELECT count(1) from store_grab_index_flow_data_weekly as b where b.storeid=#{storeId} and b.statistic_date=#{statistic_date} and b.FlowdataDetail ='汇总' and b.pid in('643081718001','651003852832','645070059245','665072480297','643148186487')
and b.pid = a.pid and CAST(REPLACE(b.vistors,',','') as UNSIGNED INTEGER) <![CDATA[ > ]]> CAST(REPLACE(a.vistors,',','') as UNSIGNED INTEGER)
) <![CDATA[ < ]]> 10
ORDER BY CAST(REPLACE(a.vistors,',','') as UNSIGNED INTEGER) desc;
<!--根据访客数降序，取各pid的前十-->

a.vistors < 其它visitor的数量<10,即9个。

---

3、经典SQL练习一

查询" 01 “课程比” 02 "课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数
select *
from (select SId ,score from sc where sc.CId='01')as t1 , (select SId ,score from sc where sc.CId='02') as t2
where t1.SId=t2.SId
and   t1.score>t2.score

查询同时存在" 01 “课程和” 02 "课程的情况
select *
from (select SId ,score from sc where sc.CId='01')as t1 , (select SId ,score from sc where sc.CId='02') as t2
where t1.SId=t2.SId

查询存在" 01 “课程但可能不存在” 02 "课程的情况(不存在时显示为 null )
select *
from (select SId ,score from sc where sc.CId='01')as t1 left join (select SId ,score from sc where sc.CId='02') as t2
on t1.SId=t2.SId

查询不存在" 01 “课程但存在” 02 "课程的情况
select *
from sc
where sc.SId not in (select SId from sc where sc.CId='01')
and  sc.CId='02'

查询平均成绩大于等于 60 分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩
select student.*,t1.avgscore
from student inner JOIN(
select sc.SId ,AVG(sc.score)as avgscore
from sc 
GROUP BY sc.SId
HAVING AVG(sc.score)>=60)as t1 on student.SId=t1.SId 

查询在 SC 表存在成绩的学生信息
select DISTINCT student.*
from student ,sc
where student.SId=sc.SId

查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、选课总数、所有课程的总成绩(没成绩的显示为null)
select student.SId,student.Sname,t1.sumscore,t1.coursecount
from student ,(
select SC.SId,sum(sc.score)as sumscore ,count(sc.CId) as coursecount
from sc 
GROUP BY sc.SId) as t1
where student.SId =t1.SId

查有成绩的学生信息
select *
from student
where EXISTS(select * from sc where student.SId=sc.SId)

查询「李」姓老师的数量
select count(*)
from teacher
where teacher.Tname like '李%';

查询学过「张三」老师授课的同学的信息
select student.*
from teacher  ,course  ,student,sc
where teacher.Tname='张三'
and   teacher.TId=course.TId
and   course.CId=sc.CId
and   sc.SId=student.SId

查询没有学全所有课程的同学的信息
解法1
select student.*
from sc ,student
where sc.SId=student.SId
GROUP BY sc.SId
Having count(*)<(select count(*) from course)
但这种解法得出来的结果不包括什么课都没选的同学。
解法2
select DISTINCT student.*
from 
(select student.SId,course.CId
from student,course ) as t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT sc.SId,sc.CId from sc)as t2 on t1.SId=t2.SId and t1.CId=t2.CId,student
where t2.SId is null
and   t1.SId=student.SId

利用笛卡尔积可以把什么课都没选的同学查询出来
查询至少有一门课与学号为" 01 "的同学所学相同的同学的信息
select DISTINCT student.*
from  sc ,student
where sc.CId in (select CId from sc where sc.SId='01')
and   sc.SId=student.SId

查询和" 01 "号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息
select DISTINCT student.*
from (
select student.SId,t.CId
from student ,(select sc.CId from sc where sc.SId='01') as t) as t1 LEFT JOIN sc on t1.SId=sc.SId and t1.CId=sc.CId,student
where sc.SId is null 
and   t1.SId=student.SId

查询没学过"张三"老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名
select *
from student 
where student.SId not in 
(
select student.SId
from student left join sc on student.SId=sc.SId 
where EXISTS 
(select *
from teacher ,course
where teacher.Tname='张三'
and   teacher.TId=course.TId
and 	course.CId=sc.CId))

查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩
select student.SId,student.Sname,avg(sc.score)
from student ,sc
where student.SId=sc.SId
and   sc.score<60
GROUP BY sc.SId
HAVING count(*)>=2

检索" 01 "课程分数小于 60，按分数降序排列的学生信息
select student.*
from student,sc
where sc.CId ='01'
and   sc.score<60
and   student.SId=sc.SId

按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩
select 
sc.SId,sc.CId,sc.score,t1.avgscore 
from  sc left join (select sc.SId,avg(sc.score) as avgscore 
from sc 
GROUP BY sc.SId) as t1 on sc.SId =t1.SId 
ORDER BY t1.avgscore DESC

查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：
以如下形式显示：课程 ID，课程 name，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率，中等率，优良率，优秀率
及格为>=60，中等为：70-80，优良为：80-90，优秀为：>=90
要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列
select sc.CId ,max(sc.score)as 最高分,min(sc.score)as 最低分,AVG(sc.score)as 平均分,count(*)as 选修人数,sum(case when sc.score>=60 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)as 及格率,sum(case when sc.score>=70 and sc.score<80 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)as 中等率,sum(case when sc.score>=80 and sc.score<90 and sc.score<80 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)as 优良率,sum(case when sc.score>=90 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)as 优秀率 
from sc
GROUP BY sc.CId
ORDER BY count(*)DESC,sc.CId asc

按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时保留名次空缺
select sc.CId ,@curRank:=@curRank+1 as rank,sc.score
from (select @curRank:=0) as t ,sc
ORDER BY sc.score desc

按各科成绩进行排序，并显示排名， Score 重复时合并名次
select sc.CId , case when @fontscore=score then @curRank when @fontscore:=score then @curRank:=@curRank+1  end as rank,sc.score
from (select @curRank:=0 ,@fontage:=null) as t ,sc
ORDER BY sc.score desc

查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时保留名次空缺
select t1.*,@currank:= @currank+1 as rank
from (select sc.SId, sum(score)
from sc
GROUP BY sc.SId 
ORDER BY sum(score) desc) as t1,(select @currank:=0) as t

查询学生的总成绩，并进行排名，总分重复时不保留名次空缺
select t1.*, case when @fontscore=t1.sumscore then @currank  when @fontscore:=t1.sumscore  then @currank:=@currank+1  end as rank
from (select sc.SId, sum(score) as sumscore
from sc
GROUP BY sc.SId 
ORDER BY sum(score) desc) as t1,(select @currank:=0,@fontscore:=null) as t

统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号，课程名称，[100-85]，[85-70]，[70-60]，[60-0] 及所占百分比
select course.CId,course.Cname,t1.*
from course LEFT JOIN (
select sc.CId,CONCAT(sum(case when sc.score>=85 and sc.score<=100 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)*100,'%') as '[85-100]',
CONCAT(sum(case when sc.score>=70 and sc.score<85 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)*100,'%') as '[70-85)',
CONCAT(sum(case when sc.score>=60 and sc.score<70 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)*100,'%') as '[60-70)',
CONCAT(sum(case when sc.score>=0 and sc.score<60 then 1 else 0 end )/count(*)*100,'%') as '[0-60)'
from sc
GROUP BY sc.CId) as t1 on course.CId=t1.CId

查询各科成绩前三名的记录
思路：前三名转化为若大于此成绩的数量少于3即为前三名。
select *
from sc  
where  (select count(*) from sc as a where sc.CId =a.CId and  sc.score <a.score )<3
ORDER BY CId asc,sc.score desc

查询每门课程被选修的学生数
select sc.CId,count(*)
from sc 
GROUP BY sc.CId

查询出只选修两门课程的学生学号和姓名
select student.SId,student.Sname
from sc,student
where student.SId=sc.SId  
GROUP BY sc.SId
HAVING count(*)=2

查询男生、女生人数
select student.Ssex ,count(*) as 人数
from student 
GROUP BY student.Ssex

查询名字中含有「风」字的学生信息
select *
from student 
where student.Sname like '%风%'

查询同名同性学生名单，并统计同名人数
select *
from student LEFT JOIN (select Sname,Ssex,COUNT(*)同名人数 from Student group by Sname,Ssex) as t1
on student.Sname =t1.Sname and student.Ssex=t1.Ssex
where t1.同名人数>1

查询 1990 年出生的学生名单
select *
from student
where YEAR(student.Sage)=1990

查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩降序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程编号升序排列
select sc.CId,AVG(sc.score)
from sc 
GROUP BY sc.CId
ORDER BY AVG(sc.score) desc ,sc.CId asc

查询平均成绩大于等于 85 的所有学生的学号、姓名和平均成绩
select student.SId,student.Sname,t1.avgscore
from student INNER JOIN (select sc.SId ,AVG(sc.score) as avgscore from sc GROUP BY sc.SId HAVING AVG(sc.score)>85) as t1 on 
student.SId=t1.SId

查询课程名称为「数学」，且分数低于 60 的学生姓名和分数
select student.Sname ,t1.score
from student INNER JOIN  (select sc.SId,sc.score 
from sc,course
where sc.CId=course.CId
and   course.Cname='数学'
and   sc.score<60)as t1 on student.SId=t1.SId 

查询所有学生的课程及分数情况（存在学生没成绩，没选课的情况）
select student.SId,sc.CId,sc.score from Student  left join sc  on student.SId=sc.SId 

查询任何一门课程成绩在 70 分以上的姓名、课程名称和分数
select student.Sname,course.Cname,sc.score
from student , sc  ,course
where sc.score>=70
and  student.SId=sc.SId
and sc.CId=course.CId

查询存在不及格的课程
select DISTINCT sc.CId
from sc
where sc.score <60

查询课程编号为 01 且课程成绩在 80 分以上的学生的学号和姓名
select student.SId,student.Sname
from student ,sc
where sc.CId='01'
and  student.SId=sc.SId
and  sc.score>80

求每门课程的学生人数
select sc.CId,count(*) as 学生人数
from sc
GROUP BY sc.CId

成绩不重复，查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩
select student.*,sc.score
from student ,course ,teacher ,sc
where course.CId=sc.CId
and course.TId=teacher.TId
and teacher.Tname='张三'
and student.SId =sc.SId
LIMIT 1

成绩有重复的情况下，查询选修「张三」老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生信息及其成绩
select student.*,t1.score
from student INNER JOIN (select sc.SId,sc.score, case when @fontage=sc.score then @rank when @fontage:=sc.score then @rank:=@rank+1 end  as rank
from course ,teacher ,sc,(select @fontage:=null,@rank:=0) as t
where course.CId=sc.CId
and course.TId=teacher.TId
and teacher.Tname='张三'
ORDER BY sc.score DESC) as t1 on student.SId=t1.SId
where t1.rank=1

查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号、课程编号、学生成绩
select *
from sc as t1
where exists(select * from sc as t2 where t1.SId=t2.SId and t1.CId!=t2.CId and t1.score =t2.score )

查询每门功成绩最好的前两名
select *
from sc as t1
where (select count(*) from sc as t2 where t1.CId=t2.CId and t2.score >t1.score)<2
ORDER BY t1.CId

统计每门课程的学生选修人数（超过 5 人的课程才统计）
select sc.CId as 课程编号,count(*) as 选修人数
from sc 
GROUP BY sc.CId
HAVING count(*)>5

检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号
select DISTINCT t1.SId
from sc as t1 
where (select count(* )from sc where t1.SId=sc.SId)>=3

查询选修了全部课程的学生信息
select student.*
from sc ,student 
where sc.SId=student.SId
GROUP BY sc.SId
HAVING count(*) = (select DISTINCT count(*) from course )

查询各学生的年龄，只按年份来算
select student.SId as 学生编号,student.Sname  as  学生姓名,TIMESTAMPDIFF(YEAR,student.Sage,CURDATE()) as 学生年龄
from student

按照出生日期来算，当前月日 < 出生年月的月日则，年龄减一
select student.SId as 学生编号,student.Sname  as  学生姓名,TIMESTAMPDIFF(YEAR,student.Sage,CURDATE()) as 学生年龄
from student

查询本周过生日的学生
select *
from student 
where YEARWEEK(student.Sage)=YEARWEEK(CURDATE())

查询下周过生日的学生
select *
from student 
where YEARWEEK(student.Sage)=CONCAT(YEAR(CURDATE()),week(CURDATE())+1)

查询本月过生日的学生
select *
from student 
where EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM student.Sage)=EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM CURDATE())

查询下月过生日的学生
select *
from student 
where EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM student.Sage)=EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM DATE_ADD(CURDATE(),INTERVAL 1 MONTH))
————————————————
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44890150/article/details/107049618

4、经典SQL练习二

-- 1.查询平均成绩小于60分的同学的学生编号和学生姓名和平均成绩(包括有成绩的和无成绩的tom)

SELECT c.s_name,c.s_id,c.Avgs_score '平均成绩' from 
(
select a.s_name 's_name',a.s_id 's_id',ifnull(AVG(b.s_score),0) 'Avgs_score' 
FROM student a 
LEFT JOIN score b 
ON a.s_id=b.s_id 
GROUP BY b.s_id
) c
where c.Avgs_score<60 ;

-- 2.查询"李"姓老师的数量

select count(a.t_name) from teacher a WHERE a.t_name like '李%' ;

-- 3.查询没学过"张三"老师授课的同学的信息

SELECT * FROM student s WHERE s.s_id NOT in 		#找到除了【学过该门课的学生的id】外的其他学生（包括没考试的）的学生信息
(
SELECT c.s_id FROM score c WHERE c.c_id = 		#找到学过该门课的学生的id
(
SELECT * FROM teacher a		#找到张老师所教课程的id
LEFT JOIN course b ON a.t_id = b.t_id
WHERE a.t_name = '张三'
)
);

-- 4.查询学过编号为"01"并且也学过编号为"02"的课程的同学的信息

select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score,c.c_id,c.s_score from student a 
LEFT JOIN score b on a.s_id = b.s_id 
LEFT JOIN score c on a.s_id = c.s_id
where b.c_id='01' and c.c_id = '02' ;

-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- 查询管理员名ID为1（role_id = 1）的权限信息

select c.resource_name 
FROM sf_role a inner JOIN sf_resource_role b on a.role_id = b.role_id AND a.role_id = '1' 
INNER JOIN sf_resource c on b.resource_id = c.resource_id ;

-- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- #3、查询所有同学的学生编号、学生姓名、
-- #   选课总数、所有课程的总成绩

select a.s_id,a.s_name,count(c.c_id),IFNULL(sum(b.s_score),0)  
from student a 
LEFT JOIN score b  on a.s_id=b.s_id 
LEFT JOIN course c on c.c_id=b.c_id GROUP BY a.s_id;
 
-- #查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的学生的信息及课程分数

select * from student a 
LEFT JOIN score sc1 on a.s_id=sc1.s_id and sc1.c_id='01' 
LEFT JOIN score sc2 on a.s_id=sc2.s_id and sc2.c_id='02'
where sc1.s_score>sc2.s_score;

#******************************************************************************************************
-- 													行-->列
-- select c_id from score m where c_id=01 ;  /*返回的课程id为01的课程id不只是当前s_id的课程id为01的课程id，所以须再加and后的判断*/
-- select s_score from score m where c_id=01 ;	/*返回的课程id为01的课程的分数不只是当前s_id的课程id为01的课程的分数，所以须再加and后的判断*/
select  s_id ,
(select c_id from score m where c_id=01 and m.s_id=n.s_id) as m1,	/*  n.s_id对应的是当前正在进行查询的（第一行的从最后一行score n中返回的）s_id  */
(select s_score from score m where c_id=01 and m.s_id=n.s_id) as n1,
(select c_id from score m where c_id=02 and m.s_id=n.s_id) as m2,
(select s_score from score m where c_id=02 and m.s_id=n.s_id) as n2,
(select c_id from score m where c_id=03 and m.s_id=n.s_id) as m3,
(select s_score from score m where c_id=03 and m.s_id=n.s_id) as n3
from score n group by s_id ;

-- 3.创建存储过程，输入参数字符串(“1,2,3,4,5”)，实现截取字符串，并插入一张空表中5条数据

drop PROCEDURE if EXISTS work3 ;
CREATE PROCEDURE work3 (IN str VARCHAR(20))
BEGIN
	DECLARE i int DEFAULT 1;    	-- 声明变量必须放在第一行
	drop table if EXISTS blank;
	CREATE TABLE blank (id INT);
 WHILE i <= LENGTH(str) DO
	INSERT INTO blank(id)VALUES(SUBSTRING(str,i,1));
	SET i = i + 2;
	END WHILE;
END;
call work3('1,2,3,4,5');

5、经典SQL练习三

#1.按 平均成绩从高到低 显示所有学生的所有课程的成绩以及平均成绩

select a.s_name '姓名',
ifnull((select s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='02' and s_id = a.s_id),0) as '语文',
ifnull((select s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='01' and s_id = a.s_id),0) as '数学',
ifnull((select s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='03' and s_id = a.s_id),0) as '英语',
ifnull(sum(s_score)/(select count(1) FROM course),0) average 
from student a LEFT JOIN score b on a.s_id=b.s_id LEFT JOIN course c ON b.c_id=c.c_id 
GROUP BY a.s_id ORDER BY average DESC ;
 
#2.查询所有课程的成绩第2名到第3名的学生信息及该课程成绩
-- 表纵向union合并：
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=01 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 1,2 )
union ALL
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=02 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 1,2 )
union ALL
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=03 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 1,2 );
-- 百度：查询每门功课成绩最好的前两名:
	select * from score a LEFT JOIN score b on a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score<b.s_score ;	-- ①
	select * from score a LEFT JOIN score b on a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score<b.s_score GROUP BY a.c_id ;	-- ②
	select * from score a LEFT JOIN score b on a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score<b.s_score GROUP BY a.c_id,a.s_id;	-- ③
	select * from score a LEFT JOIN score b on a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score<b.s_score GROUP BY a.c_id,a.s_id	-- ④
	HAVING count(b.c_id)<2 ;		-- HAVING count(b.c_id)<2 ？？？
	select * from score a LEFT JOIN score b on a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score<b.s_score GROUP BY a.c_id,a.s_id	-- ⑤
	HAVING count(b.c_id)<2
	order by a.c_id ;
select a.* from score a LEFT JOIN score b on a.c_id = b.c_id AND a.s_score<b.s_score GROUP BY a.c_id,a.s_id	-- 最终
HAVING count(b.c_id)<2
order by a.c_id ;

#3.查询学生平均成绩及其名次 

-- 用到伪列：
SET @pm:=0;
SELECT @pm:=@pm+1 '排名',姓名,average from (
select a.s_name '姓名',
ifnull((select s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='02' and s_id = a.s_id),0) as '语文',
ifnull((select s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='01' and s_id = a.s_id),0) as '数学',
ifnull((select s_score FROM score WHERE c_id='03' and s_id = a.s_id),0) as '英语',
ifnull(sum(s_score)/(select count(1) FROM course),0) average 
from student a LEFT JOIN score b on a.s_id=b.s_id LEFT JOIN course c ON b.c_id=c.c_id 
GROUP BY a.s_id ORDER BY average DESC ) s1 ;

#4.查询各科成绩前三名的记录

-- 表横向合并：
select * from 

(
select @pm:=@pm+1 as '数学排名',ss.*
FROM
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=01 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 0,3 )ss,(select @pm:=0) as dd)ee1

right JOIN 

(
select @pm1:=@pm1+1 as '语文排名',ss.*
FROM
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=02 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 0,3 )ss,(select @pm1:=0) as dd)ee2

ON ee1.数学排名=ee2.语文排名  right JOIN

(
select @pm2:=@pm2+1 as '英语排名',ss.*
FROM
(SELECT * from (select a.*,b.c_id,b.s_score from student a left join score b on a.s_id=b.s_id) c where c_id=03 ORDER BY s_score DESC limit 0,3 )ss,(select @pm2:=0) as dd)ee3

ON ee2.语文排名=ee3.英语排名;


#5.查询本月过生日的学生

select a.s_name
from student a
where MONTH(a.s_birth)=MONTH(now());	-- now()可以换为curdate()   month()返回的月份8不是08

#6.查询下周过生日的学生

select a.s_name
from student a
where WEEKOFYEAR(a.s_birth)= WEEKOFYEAR(CURDATE())+1;

---

6、存储过程示例

-- 2.创建存储过程，实现转账业务，事务控制

drop procedure if EXISTS fun_zhuanzhang;
CREATE 
PROCEDURE fun_zhuanzhang()
BEGIN

	DECLARE t_error INTEGER DEFAULT  0;  -- 定义变量
	DECLARE  CONTINUE  HANDLER  FOR  SQLEXCEPTION  SET t_error=1;  -- 异常时触发
  START TRANSACTION;  -- 开启事务1

	#wzy账户 -100 
   update shop_user set shop_user_money = shop_user_money -100 where shop_user_id=1;
  #yy账户+100
	 update shop_user set shop_user_money = shop_user_money +100 where shop_user_id=2;

  IF t_error = 1 THEN  -- 判断
    ROLLBACK;  -- 回滚事务2
  ELSE  
    COMMIT;  -- 提交事务3
  END IF;  
	Select  t_error ; -- 返回状态

END;
call fun_zhuanzhang();