1.新建web项目(右击空白处-->new-->Dynamic Web Project---->finish)
2.导入struts,spring,hibernate,json,mysql所需全部jar包。
3.关于整合struts主要代码
1>配置web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Struts Blank</display-name>
<!-- 默认开始页面 -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- struts核心过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
2>配置struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="default" extends="struts-default,json-default">
<!-- 配置验证用户名方法 -->
<action name="checkName"
class="cn.xxs.action.LoginAction"
method="checkName">
<result name="success" type="json">
<param name="root">result</param>
</result>
</action>
<!-- 配置验证登录方法 -->
<action name="checkLogin"
class="cn.xxs.action.LoginAction"
method="checkLogin">
<result name="success">
/show.jsp
</result>
<result name="error">
/index.jsp
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
3>导入js包
4>新建两个jsp页面(这里我直接粘上项目的最终页面)
登录页面index.jsp
(这里用到了ajax局部刷新,失去焦点事件
1.用户名错误,提示用户名不存在,正确则显示用户名存在并继续往下。2.登陆失败,依旧跳回登录页面,并提示用户名或密码输入有误)
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>登录页面</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form action="checkLogin" method="post">
姓名:<input type="text" name="name" id="name"/>
<span id="nameError" class="error">${requestScope.Message}</span><br />
密码:<input type="text" name="pwd" id="pwd"/><br />
<input type="submit" value="登录" id="btn"/>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function() {
//失去焦点事件
$("#name").blur(function() {
//获取用户名
var name = $("#name").val();
//判断用户名为空
if (name == null || name == "") {
$("#nameError").html("请输入用户名 !");
} else {
$.ajax({
type:"post",
url : "checkName", //配置的action名
data:{name:name}, //name值
dataType : "json", //json类型
success : function(data) { //回调函数
if (data == 1) {
//name1.equals("xxs")
$("#nameError").html("用户名存在").css("color","green");
}else if(data == 2){
$("#nameError").html("用户名不存在").css("color","red");
}
}
});
}
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
信息展示页面show.jsp(当用户登录成功,跳转到这个页面,并显示用户名和密码)
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>信息展示页面</title>
</head>
<body>
用户名:${param.name }<br />
密码:${param.pwd }
</body>
</html>
4>完成action层
新建工具类BaseAction.java
package cn.xxs.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class BaseAction extends ActionSupport{
/**
* 获取HTTPServletRequest
*/
public HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
return ServletActionContext.getRequest();
}
/**
* 获取HTTPServletResponse
*/
public HttpServletResponse getResponse() {
return ServletActionContext.getResponse();
}
/**
* 获取HTTPSession
*/
public HttpSession getSession() {
return getRequest().getSession();
}
}
新建登录验证类LoginAction.java(这里我还是直接附上最终代码)
package cn.xxs.action;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import cn.xxs.entity.User;
import cn.xxs.service.UserService;
/**
*
* @author xxs
*
*/
public class LoginAction extends BaseAction{
@Resource
private UserService userService;
private String name;
private String pwd;
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getpPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
private int result;
public int getResult() {
return result;
}
public void setResult(int result) {
this.result = result;
}
//获取用户名
String name1 = getRequest().getParameter("name");
//获取密码
String pwd1 = getRequest().getParameter("pwd");
public String checkName(){
User user = userService.select(name1);
if (user!=null) {
//用户名存在
result = 1;
} else {
//用户名不存在
result = 2;
}
return SUCCESS;
}
public String checkLogin(){
User user = userService.select(name1,pwd1);
if (user!=null) {
//登陆成功
return SUCCESS;
} else {
//登陆失败
getRequest().setAttribute("Message", "用户名或密码错误");
return ERROR;
}
}
}
4.继续整合hibernate和spring代码(注解方式)
1>创建实体类User.java(提示:类中属性名和数据库字段名相同,所以这里我省略了@Column的配置)
@Entity 必须配置
@Table(name="user") 表示对应数据库里的user表
@id 必须配置,定义了映射到数据库表的主键的属性,一个实体只能有一个属性被映射为主键.置于getXxxx()前.
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY) 可选
strategy:表示主键生成策略,有AUTO,INDENTITY,SEQUENCE 和 TABLE 4种,分别表示让ORM框架自动选择,
package cn.xxs.entity;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name="user")
public class User implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -4310399242696962019L;
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
private Date createDate;
public User() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public User(Integer id, String name, String pwd, Date createDate) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.pwd = pwd;
this.createDate = createDate;
}
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPwd() {
return pwd;
}
public void setPwd(String pwd) {
this.pwd = pwd;
}
public Date getCreateDate() {
return createDate;
}
public void setCreateDate(Date createDate) {
this.createDate = createDate;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", pwd=" + pwd + ", createDate=" + createDate + "]";
}
}
2>接口与接口的实现
创建service层和dao层接口(写法一样,但意义不同,service是业务层,dao是数据访问层。这里就只给出service层接口)
package cn.xxs.service;
import cn.xxs.entity.User;
public interface UserService {
/**
* 查询
* @param id
* @return
*/
public User select(Integer id);
/**
* 根据用户名查询
* @param name
* @return
*/
public User select(String name);
/**
*
* 根据用户名,密码查询
* @param name
* @param pwd
* @return
*/
public User select(String name,String pwd);
}
实现service层和dao层接口
@Service用于标注业务层组件, 在 serviceImpl 上注解
@Controller用于标注控制层组件(如struts中的action), 在handler/ mycontroler上注解
@Repository用于标注数据访问组件,即DAO组件, 在daoImpl上注解
@Component泛指组件,当组件不好归类的时候,我们可以使用这个注解进行标注。 dto
@Autowired 实现的按照类型(ByType)进行装配 ,所以与userService得命名无关系,任意名字
@Resource是用来实现依赖注入的,默认按byName自动注入。
package cn.xxs.service.impl;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import cn.xxs.dao.UserDao;
import cn.xxs.entity.User;
import cn.xxs.service.UserService;
/**
*
* @author xxs
*
*/
@Service("userService")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{
@Resource
private UserDao userDao;
/**
* 查询
*/
@Override
public User select(Integer id) {
return userDao.select(id);
}
/**
* 根据用户名查询
*/
@Override
public User select(String name) {
return userDao.select(name);
}
/**
* 根据用户名,密码查询
*/
@Override
public User select(String name, String pwd) {
return userDao.select(name, pwd);
}
}
在dao层的实现这里我遇到一个问题
User u = session.get(User.class, name);会出现错误,主要get方法的第二个参数默认为int
所以,我采取了Hql的参数绑定的解决方案
Hibernate中有四种参数绑定的方法:
--1、按参数名称绑定:
String hql="from User u where u.name=:命名参数名称";
Query q=session.createQuery(hql);
q.set命名参数类型("命名参数名称", 命名参数实际值);
--2、按参数位置绑定:
String hql="from User where name=?";
Query q=session.createQuery(hql);
q.set命名参数类型(0, 命名参数实际值);
注:在实际开发中,提倡使用按名称邦定命名参数,因为这不但可以提供非常好的程序可读性,而且也提高了程序的易维护性,因为当查询参数的位置发生改变时,按名称邦定名参数的方式中是不需要调整程序代码的。
--3、setParameter()方法:
在Hibernate的HQL查询中可以通过setParameter()方法绑定任意类型的参数
String hql="from User u where u.name=:命名参数名称";
Query q=session.createQuery(hql);
q.setParameter("命名参数名称",命名参数实际值,命名参数映射类型);
--4、setProperties()方法
在Hibernate中可以使用setProperties()方法,将命名参数与一个对象的属性值绑定在一起
User u = new User();
customer.setEmpno("命名参数实际值");
Query q=session.createQuery(from User u where u.name=:命名参数名称);
q.setProperties(u);
下边我用了第2,3种。
package cn.xxs.dao.impl;
import java.util.List;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import cn.xxs.dao.UserDao;
import cn.xxs.entity.User;
/**
*
* @author xxs
*
*/
@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao{
@Resource
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
/**
* 查询
*/
@Override
public User select(Integer id) {
Session session =sessionFactory.openSession();
User u = session.get(User.class, id);
return u;
}
/**
* 根据用户名查询
*/
@Override
public User select(String name) {
Session session =sessionFactory.openSession();
//User u = session.get(User.class, name);
//createQuery用的hql语句进行查询
//通过uniqueResult()方法,该方法返回一个对象,如果对象不存在则返回null,如果返回值不唯一,则抛出异常
//在Hibernate的HQL查询中可以通过setParameter()方法绑定任意类型的参数
User user =(User) session.createQuery(
"from User where name=:name")
.setParameter("name",name).uniqueResult();
if(user==null) {
return null;
}else {
return user;
}
}
/**
* 根据用户名,密码查询
*/
@Override
public User select(String name, String pwd) {
Session session =sessionFactory.openSession();
//按参数名称绑定
Query query = session.createQuery("from User u where u.name=? and u.pwd=?");
query.setString(0,name);
query.setString(1, pwd);
User user = (User) query.uniqueResult();
if(user==null) {
return null;
}else {
return user;
}
}
}
3>创建工具类BeanUtil.java
package cn.xxs.util;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class BeanUtil {
public static Object getBean(String beanName) {
return new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("bean.xml").getBean(beanName);
}
}
4>配置bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">
<!-- 开启注解驱动 -->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- 开启组件扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.xxs"/>
<!-- 加载jdbc配置文件 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置数据源
destroy-method:关闭数据库连接时,它自动销毁连接
-->
<bean id="myDataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置sessionFactory,把myDataSource注入给下面这个类 -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<!-- 把myDataSource注入到LocalSessionFactoryBean中 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="myDataSource"/>
<!-- 注解方法 -->
<property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.xxs"></property>
<!-- hibernate其他配置 -->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
5>创建jdbc配置文件jdbc.properties
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hibernate
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
6>在web.xml配置文件中加spring的一些配置
<!-- 配置spring容器监听-->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置指定spring配置文件位置 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:bean.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 字符集 过滤器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
ok,到这里算是整合完成了。
在tomcat部署你的web项目,运行结果如下: