【Lny】Linux Ubuntu 20.04 安装Mysql

基于root用户
1.更新源

sudo apt-get update

2.安装mysql服务

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

3.初始化配置

sudo mysql_secure_installation

配置如下所示：

#1
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords...
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N (选择N ,不会进行密码的强校验)

#2
Please set the password for root here...
New password: (输入密码)
Re-enter new password: (重复输入)

#3
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them...
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N (选择N，不删除匿名用户)

#4
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network...
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N (选择N，允许root远程连接)

#5
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access...
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N (选择N，不删除test数据库)

#6
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y (选择Y，修改权限立即生效)

4.检验其状态

systemctl status mysql.service

成功如下：

mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
     Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset:>
     Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-03-06 22:41:23 CST; 45min ago
    Process: 414191 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code>
   Main PID: 414217 (mysqld)
     Status: "Server is operational"
      Tasks: 38 (limit: 4603)
     Memory: 367.8M
     CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
             └─414217 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Mar 06 22:41:22 VM-16-5-ubuntu systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Mar 06 22:41:23 VM-16-5-ubuntu systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

5.查看mysql版本

mysqladmin -p -u root version

6.配置远程连接
6.1 修改配置

vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf #找到 bind-address 修改值为 0.0.0.0 亦或是注释掉这行
/etc/init.d/mysql restart #重启服务

6.2 登录 mysql 修改配置

sudo mysql -uroot -p
#输入密码 登录成功后
mysql>use mysql;
#使用mysql_native_password修改加密规则
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '密码'; 
#更新一下用户的密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER; 
#允许远程访问
mysql> UPDATE user SET host = '%' WHERE user = 'root'; 
# 刷新权限
mysql>flush privileges; 
# 退出
mysql>quit;

7.navicat 连接
注:服务器防火墙3306端口记得开放

8.其他基础配置

#修改配置 mysqld.cnf 配置文件
vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

#配置默认字符集
#在 [mysqld] 节点上增加如下配置
default-character-set=utf8
default-storage-engine=INNODB
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci

#配置忽略数据库大小写敏感
#在 [mysqld] 节点底部增加如下配置
lower-case-table-names = 1