深浅拷贝

1.浅拷贝：

• 特点：拷贝出来的对象仍保留原对象的所有引用。
• 缺点：“牵一发而动全身”，即改变我们所拷贝的对象的值，会影响我们原对象的值。
• 实现方法：实现Cloneable接口并覆写其clone()。
• 代码实现：

package www.first;

class People{
    private String home;
    private float height;
    public People(String home,float height){
        this.home = home;
        this.height = height;
    }
    public void setHome(String home){
        this.home = home;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "People{" +
                "home='" + home + '\'' +
                ", height=" + height +
                '}';
    }
}

class Student implements Cloneable{
    private String name;
    private People people;
    public Student(String name,People people){
        this.name = name;
        this.people = people;
    }
    public People getPeople(){
        return this.people;
    }

    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        return super.clone();
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", people=" + people +
                '}';
    }
}

public class CopyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        People people = new People("ShanXi",158F);
        Student student = new Student("lin",people);
        Student copyStudent = (Student) student.clone();
        System.out.println(student);
        System.out.println(copyStudent);
    }
}

结果如下：

若此时我们修改people对象属性的值：

copyStudent.getPeople().setHome("ShangHai");
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println(student);
        System.out.println(copyStudent);

结果如下：

2.深拷贝：

• 特点：不论是基本数据类型还是引用数据类型，都重新拷贝一份，拷贝出来的对象产生了新的引用，这样修改互不影响；
• 实现方法：将要拷贝的类实现Serializable接口，自己编写一个myClone()，采用序列化来实现拷贝【student --> byte[] --> copyStudent】
• 代码实现：

package www.first;

import java.io.*;

class People implements Serializable{
    private String home;
    private float height;
    public People(String home,float height){
        this.home = home;
        this.height = height;
    }
    public void setHome(String home){
        this.home = home;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "People{" +
                "home='" + home + '\'' +
                ", height=" + height +
                '}';
    }
}

class Student implements Serializable{
    private String name;
    private People people;
    public Student(String name,People people){
        this.name = name;
        this.people = people;
    }
    public People getPeople(){
        return this.people;
    }

    public Student myClone(Student student){
        Student copyStudent = null;
        try {
            //取得字节输出流对象
            ByteArrayOutputStream byteOut = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            //选择目标终端为字节流输出对象byteOut
            ObjectOutputStream oot = new ObjectOutputStream(byteOut);
            //将student变为二进制字节流并输出到目标终端(序列化)
            oot.writeObject(student);
            //将目标终端接收的字节流对象转为byte[]
            byte[] bytes = byteOut.toByteArray();
            //取得student的字节输入流对象
            ByteArrayInputStream byteIn = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
            //选择目标终端为student对象的字节流输入
            ObjectInputStream oin = new ObjectInputStream(byteIn);
            //将二进制流反序列化为Object对象
            copyStudent = (Student) oin.readObject();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return copyStudent;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", people=" + people +
                '}';
    }
}

public class CopyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws CloneNotSupportedException {
        People people = new People("ShanXi",158F);
        Student student = new Student("lin",people);
        Student copyStudent = student.myClone(student);
        System.out.println(student);
        System.out.println(copyStudent);
        copyStudent.getPeople().setHome("ShangHai");
        System.out.println("-----------------------------------------------------------------");
        System.out.println(student);
        System.out.println(copyStudent);
    }
}

结果如下：

可见，此时修改被拷贝对象的值，不会影响原对象的值，因为此时不是一个引用。