shared_ptr实现类的数据共享(文本查询类的定义

面对过程

• vector<>来存输入文件的每一行
• map<string,set<int>>,每一个单词映射一个集合,集合包含其出现的行数
• istringstream:将每一行string放到字符串流里面,通过流来分割出单词,

  1 #include <iostream>
  2 #include <sstream>
  3 #include <fstream>
  4 #include <vector>
  5 #include <set>
  6 #include <map>
  7 #include <string>
  8 
  9 #include <cstdlib>
 10 using namespace std;
 11 using line_no = vector<string>::size_type;
 12 vector<string> file;
 13 map<string,set<line_no>> wm;
 14 
 15 string cleanup_str(const string& word) {
 16     string ret;
 17     for (auto it = word.begin(); it!=word.end(); it++) {
 18         if (!ispunct(*it))
 19             ret += tolower(*it);
 20     }
 21     return ret;
 22 }
 23 
 24 ostream& query_and_print(const string& sought,ostream& os) {
 25     auto loc = wm.find(sought);
 26     if (loc == wm.end()) {
 27         os << sought << " have seen zero times " << endl;
 28     } else {
 29         // loc is a iterator , and pair<> is being pointed
 30         auto lines = loc->second;
 31         os << sought << "have seen " << lines.size() << " times " << endl;
 32         for (auto num : lines)                                                   
 33             os << "\t (The " << num+1 << " line) " << *(file.begin() + num) << e#
 34     }
 35     return os;
 36 }
 37 
 38 void input_txt(ifstream& is) {
 39     string text;
 40     while (getline(is,text)) {
 41         file.push_back(text);
 42         int n = file.size() - 1;
 43         istringstream line(text);
 44         string word;                                                             
 45         while (line >> word)
 46             wm[cleanup_str(word)].insert(n);
 47         }
 48 }
 49 void runQueries(ifstream& infile) {
 50     input_txt(infile);
 51     while (true) {
 52         cout << "Enter word to look for, or q to quit: ";
 53         string s;
 54         if (!(cin >> s) || s == "q") break;
 55         query_and_print(s,cout);
 56     }
 57 }
 58 int main() {
 59     ifstream infile("1.in");
 60     if (!infile) {
 61         cout << " fail to open infile ";
 62         return -1;
 63     }
 64     runQueries(infile);
 65     infile.close();
 66     return 0;
 67 }

关于&是否会增加shared_ptr<>的引用计数问题

• 变量的引用只是变量的别名,并不会增加智能指针的引用计数

  1 #include <iostream>
  2 #include <memory>
  3 using namespace std;
  4 
  5 int main() {
  6     shared_ptr<int> p (new int(24));
  7     cout << p.use_count() << endl;
  8 
  9     auto& q = p;                                                                 
 10     cout << " q.use_count()= " << q.use_count() << " *q= " << *q << endl;
 11     cout << " p.use_coutn()= " << p.use_count() << " *p= " << *p << endl;
 12     return 0;
 13 }

• 创建了一个新的shared_ptr<>对象并且指向同一块内存,自然就会增加shared_ptr的引用计数

  1 #include <iostream>
  2 #include <memory>
  3 using namespace std;
  4 
  5 int main() {
  6     shared_ptr<int> p (new int(24));
  7     cout << p.use_count() << endl;
  8 
  9     auto q = p;                                                                  
 10     cout << " q.use_count()= " << q.use_count() << " *q= " << *q << endl;
 11     cout << " p.use_coutn()= " << p.use_count() << " *p= " << *p << endl;
 12     return 0;
 13 }

面对对象

// 注意使用指针和对象之间的区别
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <memory>
using namespace std;
//QueryResult 保存查询结果的类,要想共享类之间的数据且不通过拷贝,shared_ptr<>来解决
class QueryResult;
class TextQuery {
public:
	using line_no = vector<string>::size_type; //类型成员
	TextQuery(ifstream&); //接收 文件流来读取文本
	QueryResult query(const string&) const; // 
private:
	shared_ptr<vector<string>> file;
	map<string, shared_ptr<set<line_no>>> wm; //string 关联一个 动态分配的set<>集合
};
TextQuery::TextQuery(ifstream& in):file(new vector<string>){
	string text;
	while (getline(in,text)) {
		(*file).push_back(text);
		int n = (*file).size() - 1;
		istringstream line(text);
		string word;
		while (line >> word) {
			// wm[word] 是一个shared_ptr<set<line_no>>指针,但是我们不确定他是否分配了内存
			auto& lines = wm[word]; //& 不增加 引用计数
			if (!lines) //如果 智能指针为空,.reset(新动态内存对象)
				lines.reset(new set<line_no>);
			(*lines).insert(n);
		}
	}
}
class QueryResult {
	friend ostream& print(ostream&,const QueryResult&); //友元
public:
	using line_no = vector<string>::size_type;
	QueryResult(string s, shared_ptr<set<line_no>> p, shared_ptr<vector<string>> f) :sought(s), lines(p), file(f) {}
private:
	// 查询结果3内容
	string sought;
	shared_ptr<set<line_no>> lines;
	shared_ptr<vector<string>> file;
};
QueryResult TextQuery::query(const string& sought) const{
	//如果 没有找到该单词所属的行,返回一个指向空set的shared_ptr,static(全局静态)保证了函数结束前内存不会被释放
	static shared_ptr<set<line_no>> nodata(new set<line_no>);
	auto loc = wm.find(sought);
	if (loc == wm.end())
		//将TextQuery的内存也让QueryResult的shared_ptr指向,这样就能共享内存，
		return QueryResult(sought, nodata, file);
	else
		return QueryResult(sought,loc->second,file);
}
ostream& print(ostream& os, const QueryResult& qr) { //接收一个查询结果类
	os << qr.sought << " occurs " << qr.lines->size() << " times " << endl;
	for (auto num : *qr.lines)
		os << "\t(line " << num + 1 << ")  " << *(qr.file->begin() + num) << endl;
	return os;
}
int main() {
	ifstream in("a.txt");
	if (!in) { //文件打开失败,return 
		cout << "fail to open file " << endl;
		return -1;
	}
	TextQuery solution(in); //传入输入流对象初始化
	while (1) {
		cout << " Enter word to look for, or q to quit: ";
		string s;
		if (!(cin >> s) || s == "q") break;
		print(cout,solution.query(s)); //querys返回一个QueryResult对象
	}
	return 0;
}