简略的学习了下使用allocator实现自己的低配Vector

使用allocator实现自己的低配Vector：

提示：主要是使用下allocator：

allocator中使用四大件：
1、construct（对象的创建）
2、allocate（空间的申请）
3、destroy（对象的销毁）
4、deallocate（对象空间的释放）

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实现代码

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>

using std::allocator;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;
using std::uninitialized_copy;

template<typename T> 
class Vector 
{ 
public:     
    Vector();     
    ~Vector();          
    void push_back(const T &);      
    void pop_back();         
    int size();     
    int capacity(); 
    const T & operator[](int idsx) const;
private:     
    void reallocate();//重新分配内存,动态扩容要用的 
private:         
    static std::allocator<T> _alloc;          
    T *_start;                 //指向数组中的第一个元素     
    T *_finish;                //指向最后一个实际元素之后的那个元素     
    T *_end_of_storage;        //指向数组本身之后的位置 
};

template<typename T>
allocator<T> Vector<T>:: _alloc;

template <typename T>
Vector<T>::Vector()
:_start(0)
,_finish(0)
,_end_of_storage(0)
{
    cout << "Vector()" << endl;
}

template <typename T>
Vector<T>::~Vector()
{
    cout << "~Vector()" << endl;
    if(_start)
    {
        while(_start != _finish)
        {
            _alloc.destroy(--_finish);
        }
        _alloc.deallocate(_start,capacity());
    }
}

template <typename T>
int Vector<T>::size()
{
    return _finish - _start;
}

template <typename T>
int Vector<T>::capacity()
{
    return _end_of_storage - _start;
}

template <typename T>
void Vector<T>::push_back(const T &rhs)
{
    if(size() == capacity())
    {
        cout << "capacity is not enough , allocate new memory" << endl;
        reallocate();
    }
    _alloc.construct(_finish++,rhs);
    
}

template <typename T>
void Vector<T>::pop_back()
{
    if(size() == 0)
    {
        cout << "memory is empty" << endl;
        return;
    }else{
        _alloc.destroy(--_finish);
    }
}

template<typename T>
void Vector<T>::reallocate()
{
    int oldsize = capacity();
    int newsize = (oldsize == 0 ? 1 : oldsize * 2);
    
    //1、分配新空间
    T * newelem = _alloc.allocate(newsize);
    if(_start)
    {
        //2、将原始空间的内容复制过来
        uninitialized_copy(_start, _finish, newelem);
        
        //3、销毁原始空间对象
        while(_start != _finish)
        {
            _alloc.destroy(--_finish);
        }

        //4、释放内存
        _alloc.deallocate(_start,capacity());
    }

    //5、更新新空间
    _start = newelem;
    _finish = newelem + oldsize;
    _end_of_storage = newelem + newsize;
}

template <typename T>
const T& Vector<T>::operator[](int idx)const
{
    return _start[idx];
}

template <typename T>
void display(Vector<T>& rhs)
{
    for(int idx = 0; idx < rhs.size(); ++idx)
    {
        cout << rhs[idx] << " ";
    }
    cout << endl;
}

void test()
{
    Vector<int> v1;
    cout << "v1空间大小：" << v1.size();
    cout << endl;
    cout << "v1申请内存的空间的大小：" << v1.capacity();
    cout << endl << endl; 

    cout << "执行插入1、2、3、4、5" << endl;
    v1.push_back(1);
    v1.push_back(2);
    v1.push_back(3);
    v1.push_back(4);
    v1.push_back(5);
    cout << "打印容器内容：" << endl;
    display(v1);
    cout << endl << "执行弹出操作" << endl;
    v1.pop_back();
    cout << "打印容器内容：" << endl;
    display(v1);
}

int main()
{
    test();
    return 0;
}

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