一个Java的权限框架-Shiro

🏇$Shiro$
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1.shiro简介

• Apach Shiro是一个Java的安全（权限）框架

• 可以非常容易的开发出足够好的应用，其不仅可以用在javaSE环境，也可以用在JavaEE环境

• 可以完成认证、授权、加密、会话管理，web集成，缓存等。

• 官网：https://shiro.apache.org/

  

• 点击download，可以直接下载。也可以直接依赖包

  github地址：https://github.com/apache/shiro

功能

• Authentication：身份认证、登录、验证用户是不是拥有相应的身份；
• Authorization：授权，即权限验证，验证某个已认证的用户是否拥有某个权限，即判断用户能否进行什么操作，如：验证某个用户是否拥有某个角色，或者细粒度的验证某个用户对某个资源是否具有某个权限。
• Session Manager：会话管理，即用户登录后就是第一次会话，在没有退出之前，它的所有信息都在会话中，会话可以是普通的javaSE环境，也可以是Web环境；
• Cryptography：加密，保护数据的安全性，如密码加密存储到数据库中，而不是明文存储；
• Web Support：Web支持，可以非常容易的集成到Web环境；
• Caching：缓存，比如用户登录后，其用户信息，拥有的角色、权限不必每次去查，这样可以提高效率
• Concurrency：Shiro支持多线程应用的并发验证，即，如在一个线程中开启另一个线程，能把权限自动的传播过去。
• Testing：提供测试支持；
• Run as：允许一个用户假装为另一个用户（如果他们允许）的身份进行访问
• Remember Me：记住我，这个是非常常见的功能，即一次登录后，下次再来的话就不用的登录了。

shiro架构（外部）

• subject：应用代码直接交互的对象是Subject，也就是说Shiro的对外API核心就是Subject，Subject代表了当前的用户，这个用户不一定是一个具体的人，与当前应用交互的任何东西都是subject，如网络爬虫，机器人等，与subject的所有交互都会委托给SecurityManager；subject其实是一个门面，SecurityManager才是实际的执行者。
• securityManager：安全管理器，即所有与安全有关的操作都会与SecurityManager交互，并且它管理着所有的subject，可以看出它是shiro的核心，它负责与Shiro的其他组件进行交互，它相当于SPringMVC的DispatcherServlet的角色。
• Realm：Shiro从Realm获取安全数据（如用户，角色，权限），就是说SecurityManager要验证用户身份，那么它需要从Realm获取相应的用户进行比较，来确定用户的身份是否合法；也需要从Realm得到用户相应的角色，权限，进行验证用户的操作是否能够进行，可以把Realm看成dataSource;

shiro架构（内部）

• subject：任何可以与应用交互的”用户“
• SecurityManager：相当于SpringMVC中的DispatcherServet；是shiro的心脏，所有具体的交互都通过SecurityManager进行控制，它管理着所有的Subject，且负责进行认证，授权，会话及缓存的管理。
• Authenticator：负责Subject认证，是一个扩展点，可以自定义实现；可以使用认证策略，即什么情况下算用户认证通过了；
• Authorizer：授权器，即访问控制器，用来决定主体是否有权限进行相应的操作；即控制着用户能访问应用中的哪些功能；
• Realm：可以有一个或者多个的realm，可以认为是安全实体数据源，即用于获取安全实体的，可以用JDBC实现，也可以是内存实现等等，由用户提供；所以一般在应用中都需要实现自己的realm
• SessionManager：管理Session生命周期的组件，而Shiro并不仅仅可以用在web环境，也可以用在普通的JavaSE环境中
• CacheManager：缓存控制器，来管理如用户、角色，权限等缓存的；因为这些数据基本上很少改变，放到缓存中可以提高访问的性能；
• Cryptography：密码模块，Shiro提高了一些常见的加密组件用于密码加密，解密等

2.快速实践

十分钟入门官网：https://shiro.apache.org/tutorial.html

• 首先创建一个普通的Maven项目。

• 为了后续的方便，我们可以将src删除，然后创建一个module：hello-shiro。

• 接下来我们先看依赖。https://github.com/apache/shiro/blob/main/samples/quickstart/pom.xml

  我们可以在里面看到我们需要的依赖，然后我们可以依赖再在https://shiro.apache.org/download.html#180官网这里找到对应的版本号，直接加进去。

  • 再一个简单的办法直接看10分钟入门https://shiro.apache.org/tutorial.html。这里注意把范围去掉，官网是test，非test环境是不能用的。

  <dependencies>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
          <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
          <version>1.8.0</version>
      </dependency>
      <!-- Shiro uses SLF4J for logging.  We'll use the 'simple' binding
               in this example app.  See http://www.slf4j.org for more info. -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.21</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
          <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
          <version>1.7.21</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
          <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
          <version>1.2</version>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  

• 然后再返回去查看配置文件

  在resources下

  • 创建log4j2.xml

    <!--
      ~ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
      ~ or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
      ~ distributed with this work for additional information
      ~ regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
      ~ to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
      ~ "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
      ~ with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
      ~
      ~     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
      ~
      ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
      ~ software distributed under the License is distributed on an
      ~ "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
      ~ KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
      ~ specific language governing permissions and limitations
      ~ under the License.
      -->
    
    <Configuration name="ConfigTest" status="ERROR" monitorInterval="5">
        <!--
          ~ Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
          ~ or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
          ~ distributed with this work for additional information
          ~ regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
          ~ to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
          ~ "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
          ~ with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
          ~
          ~     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
          ~
          ~ Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
          ~ software distributed under the License is distributed on an
          ~ "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
          ~ KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
          ~ specific language governing permissions and limitations
          ~ under the License.
          -->
    
        <Appenders>
            <Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
                <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
            </Console>
        </Appenders>
        <Loggers>
            <Logger name="org.springframework" level="warn" additivity="false">
                <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
            </Logger>
            <Logger name="org.apache" level="warn" additivity="false">
                <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
            </Logger>
            <Logger name="net.sf.ehcache" level="warn" additivity="false">
                <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
            </Logger>
            <Logger name="org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext" level="warn" additivity="false">
                <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
            </Logger>
            <Root level="info">
                <AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
            </Root>
        </Loggers>
    </Configuration>
    

  • 在resources下创建shiro.ini

    是灰色的不要怕。这是因为没有下载插件。不下载也是可以用的。

    #
    # Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
    # or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
    # distributed with this work for additional information
    # regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
    # to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
    # "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
    # with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
    #
    #     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
    #
    # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
    # software distributed under the License is distributed on an
    # "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
    # KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
    # specific language governing permissions and limitations
    # under the License.
    #
    # =============================================================================
    # Quickstart INI Realm configuration
    #
    # For those that might not understand the references in this file, the
    # definitions are all based on the classic Mel Brooks' film "Spaceballs". ;)
    # =============================================================================
    
    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Users and their assigned roles
    #
    # Each line conforms to the format defined in the
    # org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setUserDefinitions JavaDoc
    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [users]
    # user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
    root = secret, admin
    # user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
    guest = guest, guest
    # user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
    # my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
    presidentskroob = 12345, president
    # user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
    darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
    # user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
    lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz
    
    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Roles with assigned permissions
    #
    # Each line conforms to the format defined in the
    # org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
    # -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
    [roles]
    # 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
    admin = *
    # The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
    schwartz = lightsaber:*
    # The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
    # license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
    goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5
    

• helloWorld

  在java目录下创建Qucikstart.java

  /*
   * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
   * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
   * distributed with this work for additional information
   * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
   * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
   * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
   * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
   *
   *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
   *
   * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
   * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
   * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
   * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
   * specific language governing permissions and limitations
   * under the License.
   */
  
  /**
   * Simple Quickstart application showing how to use Shiro's API.
   *
   * @since 0.9 RC2
   */
  
  import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
  import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
  import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
  import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
  import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
  import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
  import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
  import org.slf4j.Logger;
  import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  
  public class Quickstart {
  
      private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);
  
  
      public static void main(String[] args) {
  
          // The easiest way to create a Shiro SecurityManager with configured
          // realms, users, roles and permissions is to use the simple INI config.
          // We'll do that by using a factory that can ingest a .ini file and
          // return a SecurityManager instance:
  
          // Use the shiro.ini file at the root of the classpath
          // (file: and url: prefixes load from files and urls respectively):
          Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
          SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
  
          // for this simple example quickstart, make the SecurityManager
          // accessible as a JVM singleton.  Most applications wouldn't do this
          // and instead rely on their container configuration or web.xml for
          // webapps.  That is outside the scope of this simple quickstart, so
          // we'll just do the bare minimum so you can continue to get a feel
          // for things.
          SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
  
          // Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:
  
          // get the currently executing user:
          Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
  
          // Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)
          Session session = currentUser.getSession();
          session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
          String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
          if (value.equals("aValue")) {
              log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
          }
  
          // let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:
          if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {
              UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
              token.setRememberMe(true);
              try {
                  currentUser.login(token);
              } catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
                  log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
              } catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
                  log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
              } catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
                  log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +
                          "Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
              }
              // ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
              catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
                  //unexpected condition?  error?
              }
          }
  
          //say who they are:
          //print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
          log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");
  
          //test a role:
          if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {
              log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
          } else {
              log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
          }
  
          //test a typed permission (not instance-level)
          if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
              log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");
          } else {
              log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
          }
  
          //a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
          if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
              log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +
                      "Here are the keys - have fun!");
          } else {
              log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
          }
  
          //all done - log out!
          currentUser.logout();
  
          System.exit(0);
      }
  }
  

• 运行测试

  

  出现这个问题是没有一个依赖

  <dependency>
   <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
   <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
   <version>1.2</version>
  </dependency>
  

  

  这个问题是由于依赖的范围有问题，需要把test删除

  完美结果

  

• 主要方法

  //获取当前的用户对象 Subject
  Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
  //通过当前用户拿到session
  Session session = currentUser.getSession();
  //判断当前的用户是否被认证
  currentUser.isAuthenticated()
  //获取存储的principal
  currentUser.getPrincipal()
  //设置角色
  currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")
  //粗粒度
  currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield"))
  //细粒度
  currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")
  //注销
  currentUser.logout();
  

3.SpringBoot整合Shiro环境搭建

1. 创建spring项目，勾选springweb和thymeleaf

2. 测试基础环境

   • 在templates下创建index.html，并将命名空间及标签写入。

     <!DOCTYPE html>
     <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
     <head>
         <meta charset="UTF-8">
         <title>Title</title>
     </head>
     <body>
     首页
     <p th:text = "${msg}"></p>
     </body>
     </html>
     

   • 创建controller

     package com.hxl.controller;
     
     import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
     import org.springframework.ui.Model;
     import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
     
     @Controller
     public class MyController {
     
         @RequestMapping({"/","/index"})
         public String toIndex(Model model){
             model.addAttribute("msg","hello,Shiro");
             return "index";
         }
     }
     

   • 启动测试，出现下述则表示环境搭好了

     

3. 整合Shiro

   • 导入依赖包

     <!--
         subject : 用户
         securityManager：管理所有用户
         realm：连接数据
     -->
     <!--导入Shiro，shiro整合spring的包-->
     <dependency>
         <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
         <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId>
         <version>1.7.1</version>
     </dependency>
     

   • 编写配置类

     创建config的包进行编写

     • 编写ShiroConfig

       package com.hxl.config;
       
       import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
       
       @Configuration
       public class ShiroConfig {
           /*下面三个对应的三大核心对象，配的时候倒着配，先创建对象，在接管，后连到前端*/
       
           //ShiroFilterFactoryBean
       
           //DefaultWebSecurityManager
           
           //创建realm对象；需要自定义类
       
       }
       

     • 编写我们的自定义类

       package com.hxl.config;
       
       import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
       import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
       import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
       import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
       import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
       import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
       
       //自定义的UserRealm ，需要继承AuthorizingRealm
       public class UserRealm  extends AuthorizingRealm {
           //授权
           @Override
           protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
               System.out.println("执行了=》授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");
               return null;
           }
       
           //认证
           @Override
           protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
               System.out.println("执行了=》认证doGetAuthorizationInfo");
               return null;
           }
       }
       

     • 定义完之后就可以用了

       package com.hxl.config;
       
       import org.apache.catalina.User;
       import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
       import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
       import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
       import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
       import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
       
       @Configuration
       public class ShiroConfig {
           /*下面三个对应的三大核心对象，配的时候倒着配，先创建对象，在接管，后连到前端*/
       
           //ShiroFilterFactoryBean:3
           /*这里同样可以使用之前的方法，在DefaultWebSecurityManager前加@Qualifier("方法名")
           * 但是名字太长了，所以还可以使用另外一种方式进行绑定，这就需要修改DefaultWebSecurityManager这个的Bean。添加别名
           * */
           @Bean
           public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManger") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
               ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
               //设置安全管理器
               bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
               return bean;
           }
       
           //DefaultWebSecurityManager：2
           /*public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(UserRealm userRealm){
           这个没有把下面的方法绑定过来
           */
           @Bean(name = "securityManger")
           public DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Qualifier("userRealm") UserRealm userRealm){
               DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
               //关闭UserRealm
               securityManager.setRealm(userRealm);
               return securityManager;
       
           }
       
           //创建realm对象；需要自定义类:1
           @Bean
           public UserRealm userRealm(){
               return new UserRealm();
           }
           //这个之后我们写的类就被spring托管了
       }
       

   • 增加页面

     

     增加和更新页面仅作业测试页面先写上内容方便区分即可。

     在首页上增加可以跳转的连接

     <a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
     <a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
     

   • controller中进行跳转

     @RequestMapping("/user/add")
     public String add(){
         return "user/add";
     }
     
     @RequestMapping("/user/update")
     public String update(){
         return "user/update";
     }
     

   • 测试：能成功跳转即可。

4.实现登录拦截

• 首先先增加一个登录页面，在templates目录下

  <!DOCTYPE html>
  <html lang="en">
  <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8">
      <title>登录</title>
  </head>
  <body>
  <form action="">
      <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
      <p>密码：<input type="text" name="password"></p>
      <p><input type="submit"></p>
  </form>
  </body>
  </html>
  

• controller中增加请求

  @RequestMapping("/toLogin")
  public String toLogin(){
      return "login";
  }
  

• 在ShiroConfig中添加

  @Bean
  public ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Qualifier("securityManger") DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){
      ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
      //设置安全管理器
      bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);
  
      //添加shiro的内置过滤器
      /*
          * anon：无需认证就可以访问
          * authc：必须认证了才能访问
          * user：必须拥有记住我功能才能用
          * perms：拥有对某个资源的权限才能访问
          * role：拥有某个角色权限才能访问
          * */
      Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
  
      filterMap.put("/user/add","authc");
      filterMap.put("/user/update","authc");
  
      bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);
  
      //设置登录的请求
      bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");
      return bean;
  }
  

5.实现用户验证

1. 在controller中增加请求

   @RequestMapping("/login")
   public String login(String username, String password){
       //获取当前的用户
       Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
       //封装用户的登录数据
       UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
   }
   

   注意还没结束呢，我们这里有了请求，那么在前端就需要提交请求

2. login.html

   这里的action

   <!DOCTYPE html>
   <html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
   <head>
       <meta charset="UTF-8">
       <title>登录</title>
   </head>
   <body>
   <form th:action="@{/login}">
       <p>用户名：<input type="text" name="username"></p>
       <p>密码：<input type="text" name="password"></p>
       <p><input type="submit"></p>
   </form>
   </body>
   </html>
   

3. 有了令牌该怎么办呢，可以看一下Quickstart。里面是怎么弄得

   

4. 那么就可以在我们的controller中添加

   @RequestMapping("/login")
   public String login(String username, String password, Model model){
       //获取当前的用户
       Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
       //封装用户的登录数据
       UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);
       try{
           subject.login(token); //执行了登录的方法，如果没有异常就说明ok
           return "index";
       }catch(UnknownAccountException e){
           model.addAttribute("msg","用户名错误");
           return "login";
       }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){
           model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");
           return "login";
       }
   }
   

   有了提示信息，前端再把提示信息加上

   <p th:text="${msg}" style="color: red"></p>
   

5. 那么前端传过来的数据和数据库中的数据怎么判断呢？

   这就需要在UserRealm里面进行认证

   //认证
   @Override
   protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
       System.out.println("执行了=》认证doGetAuthorizationInfo");
   
       //数据库中取，用户名和密码
       String name = "root";
       String password = "123456";
       UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
       if(!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){
           return null;//抛出异常：UnknownAccountException
       }
       //密码认证，shiro做
       return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");
   }
   

6. 测试

   
   

   
   

   登录成功后，一切都可以访问了。

6.整合Mybaits

1. 先导入依赖

   除了之前的依赖还需要下面这些。

   <dependency>
       <groupId>mysql</groupId>
       <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
       <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
       <version>2.2.1</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
       <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>log4j</groupId>
       <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
       <version>1.2.17</version>
   </dependency>
   <dependency>
       <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
       <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
       <version>1.2.8</version>
   </dependency>
   

2. 配置文件yml

   spring:
     datasource:
       username: root
       password: 123456
       url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jdbc?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
       driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
   # 整合mybatis
   mybatis:
     type-aliases-package: com.hxl.pojo
     mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
   

3. 创建resources/mapper。这个文件夹

4. 创建pojo，mapper，service层并写入

   package com.hxl.pojo;
   
   import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
   import lombok.Data;
   import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
   
   import java.sql.Date;
   
   @Data
   @AllArgsConstructor
   @NoArgsConstructor
   public class User {
       private int id;
       private String name;
       private String password;
       private String email;
       private Date birthday;
   }
   

   package com.hxl.mapper;
   
   import com.hxl.pojo.User;
   import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
   
   
   //这个注解表示本类是一个mybatis的mapper类
   @Mapper
   @Repository //注解是将接口的一个实现类交给spring管理。
   public interface UserMapper {
       //通过名字获取
       public User queryByName(String name);
   }
   

   package com.hxl.service;
   
   import com.hxl.pojo.User;
   
   public interface UserService {
       public User queryByName(String name);
   }
   

   package com.hxl.service;
   
   import com.hxl.mapper.UserMapper;
   import com.hxl.pojo.User;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
   
   @Service
   public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
   
       @Autowired
       UserMapper userMapper;
   
       @Override
       public User queryByName(String name) {
           return userMapper.queryByName(name);
       }
   }
   

5. 把resources/mapper补上

   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
   <!DOCTYPE mapper
           PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
           "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
   <mapper namespace="com.hxl.mapper.UserMapper">
       <select id="queryByName" parameterType="String" resultType="User">
           select * from users where name = #{name}
       </select>
   </mapper>
   

6. 测试

   在测试类中编写

   package com.hxl;
   
   import com.hxl.service.UserServiceImpl;
   import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
   import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
   import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
   
   @SpringBootTest
   class ShiroSpringbootApplicationTests {
   
       @Autowired
       UserServiceImpl userService;
   
       @Test
       void contextLoads() {
           System.out.println(userService.queryByName("老大"));
       }
   
   }
   

7. 查看输出

   

8. 遇到的问题：

   如果遇到If you want an embedded database (H2, HSQL or Derby), please put it on the c资源过滤以及数据库配置没有生效问题。把它放在build中

   <resources>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/java</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
               <include>**/*.yml</include>
           </includes>
           <filtering>true</filtering>
       </resource>
       <resource>
           <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
           <includes>
               <include>**/*.xml</include>
               <include>**/*.yml</include>
           </includes>
           <filtering>true</filtering>
       </resource>
   </resources>
   

9. 真实的人进行登录拦截

   @Autowired
   UserService userService;
   //认证
   @Override
   protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
       System.out.println("执行了=》认证doGetAuthorizationInfo");
   
       UsernamePasswordToken token = (UsernamePasswordToken) authenticationToken;
       //连接真实的数据库
       User user = userService.queryByName(token.getUsername());
       if(user == null){ //没有这个人
           return null; //会报出异常
       }
       //密码认证，shiro做，密码加密了
       return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPassword(),"");
   }
   

请求授权实现

当一个人没有某操作的功能权限，是不能进入的。那么应该怎么实现呢？

在ShiroConfig中进行编写

//授权：正常情况下，没有授权会跳转到未授权页面。
filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");
filterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");

bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);

//设置未授权页面
bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");

同时在controller中增加一个请求

@RequestMapping("/noauth")
@ResponseBody
public String noauth(){
    return "未经授权不能操作";
}

此时只是简单的实现。而更完善的需要在UserRealm中实现

同时需要在数据库中增加一列，用户的权限

给root用户增加一个add权限

这个时候就需要把pojo类里面也增加上字段perms

最后在授权的UserRealm

//授权
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
    System.out.println("执行了=》授权doGetAuthorizationInfo");

    SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
    info.addStringPermission("user:add");

    //拿到当前登录的这个对象
    Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
    User principal = (User) subject.getPrincipal();//拿到User对象

    //设置当前用户的权限
    info.addStringPermission(principal.getPerms());
    return null;
}

shiro整合thymeleaf

下载依赖包

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId>
    <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId>
    <version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>

在shiroConfig中编写

//整合ShiroDialect：用来整合shiro和thymeleaf
public ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){
    return new ShiroDialect();
}

修改首页

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
    xmlns:shiro="http://www.pollix.at/thymeleaf/shiro">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
首页

<p>
    <a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
</p>
<p th:text = "${msg}"></p>

<div shiro:hasPermission="'user:add'">

    <a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
</div>
<div shiro:hasPermission="'user:update'">
    <a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>
</body>
</html>

测试：

这样之后，登录用户不同显示不同，如果权限只有add，那么只会显示add

如果显示两个add，那么是之前授权的时候有一段代码info.addStringPermission("user:add");注释掉即可

发现登录成功之后还有登录按钮。需要在登录外面的p标签外包一个<shiro:guest></shiro:guest>