顺序栈、链栈基本操作

顺序栈构造空栈、取栈顶元素、入栈、出栈

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define FALSE 0 
#define ERROR 0
#define OK 1
#define OVERFLOW 0
#define STACK_INIT_SIZE 100//存储空间初始分配增量
#define STACKINCREMRNT 10//存储空间分配增量
typedef int SElemType;
typedef int Status;
typedef struct {
 SElemType *base;//在栈构造和销毁之后，base的值为NULL
        //栈低指针，始终指向存储空间基址
 SElemType *top;//栈顶指针，指向栈顶元素的下一个位置
 int stacksize;//当前已分配的存储空间，以元素为单位。
      //数组存储空间的长度。
}SqStack;


Status InitStack(SqStack *S, int n)
{
 S->base = (SElemType*)malloc(STACK_INIT_SIZE * sizeof(SElemType));
 if (!S->base)
  exit(OVERFLOW);//存储分配失败
 S->top = S->base;
 S->stacksize = STACKINCREMRNT;
 printf("输入栈中元素：");
 for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
 {
  scanf_s("%d", &*S->top);
  S->top++;
 }
 return OK;
}


Status Show(SqStack S)
{
 if (S.top == S.base)
 {
  printf("栈中无元素");
  return ERROR;
 }
 SElemType*p;
 p = S.top;
 while (p > S.base)
 {
  p--;
  printf("%5d", *p);
 }
 printf("\n");
}


Status Push(SqStack *S, SElemType e)
{//插入元素e为新的栈顶元素
 if (S->top - S->base >= S->stacksize)
 {//栈满，追加存储空间
  S->base = (SElemType*)realloc(S->base, (S->stacksize + STACKINCREMRNT) * sizeof(SElemType));
  if (!S->base)
   exit(OVERFLOW);//存储分配失败
  S->top = S->base + S->stacksize;
  S->stacksize += STACKINCREMRNT;
 }
 *S->top = e;
 S->top++;
 return OK;
}


SElemType Pop(SqStack *S)
{//出栈
 SElemType e;
 if (S->top == S->base)
  return ERROR;
 --S->top;
 e = *S->top;
 return e;
}


Status GetTop(SqStack S)
{//若栈不空,则用e返回S的栈顶元素,并返回OK;否则返回ERROR
 SElemType e;
 if (S.top == S.base)
  return ERROR;
 e = *(S.top - 1);
 printf("%d", e);//显示栈顶元素
 return OK;
}


int main()
{
 SqStack S;
 SElemType e;
 int n;
 printf("输入你要建立的栈中元素的个数:");
 scanf_s("%d", &n);
 InitStack(&S, n);
 printf("栈中元素是：");
 Show(S);
 printf("栈顶元素是:");
 GetTop(S);
 printf("\n");
 printf("请输入你要入栈的元素:");
 scanf_s("%d", &e);
 Push(&S, e);
 printf("入栈后:");
 Show(S);
 Pop(&S);
 printf("出栈后:");
 Show(S);
 system("pause");
 return 0;
}

链栈构造空栈、取栈顶元素、入栈、出栈
带头结点的单链表实现
链栈4要素：
1.栈空条件:S->next==NULL
2.栈满条件:不考虑
3.进栈e操作: 将包含e的结点插入到头结点之后
4.出栈操作：取出头结点之后结点的元素并删除

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#define TRUE 1
#define FALSE 0 
#define ERROR 0
#define OK 1
#define OVERFLOW 0
typedef int Status;
typedef int SElemType;
typedef struct linknode {
 SElemType data;//数据域
 struct linknode*next;//指针域
}LiStack;


LiStack*  InitStack(int n)
{
 LiStack *S;
 LiStack*p;
 S = (LiStack*)malloc(sizeof(LiStack));
 S->next = NULL;
 printf("输入栈中元素：");
 for (int i = n; i > 0; i--)
 {
  p = (LiStack*)malloc(sizeof(LiStack));//生成新节点
  scanf_s("%d", &p->data);//输入元素值
  p->next = S->next;
  S->next = p;//插入到表头
 }
 return S;
}


Status Push(LiStack*S, SElemType e)
{
 LiStack*p;
 p = (LiStack*)malloc(sizeof(LiStack));
 p->data = e;//新建元素e对应的结点p
 p->next = S->next;//插入p结点作为开始结点
 S->next = p;
 return OK;
}


Status Pop(LiStack*S)
{
 LiStack *p;
 SElemType e;
 if (S->next == NULL)
  return FALSE;
 p = S->next;//p指向开始结点
 e = p->data;
 S->next = p->next;//删除*P结点
 free(p);//释放*p结点
 return OK;
}


Status GetTop(LiStack*S)
{
 SElemType e;
 if (S->next == NULL)//栈空的情况
  return FALSE;
 e = S->next->data;
 printf("%d", e);
 return OK;
}


void PrintLiStack(LiStack *S)
{
 LiStack *p;
 p = S->next;
 while (p != NULL)
 {
  printf("%5d", p->data);
  p = p->next;
 }
 printf("\n");
}


int main()
{
 LiStack *S;
 SElemType e;
 int n;
 printf("请输入栈中的数据元素个数：");
 scanf_s("%d", &n);
 S = InitStack(n);
 printf("栈中的数据元素是：");
 PrintLiStack(S);
 printf("栈顶元素是：");
 GetTop(S);
 printf("\n");
 printf("请输入要入栈的元素：");
 scanf_s("%d", &e);
 Push(S, e);
 printf("入栈后栈中元素是：");
 PrintLiStack(S);
 Pop(S);
 printf("出栈后栈中元素是：");
 PrintLiStack(S);
 system("pause");
 return 0;
}