minigui[基础篇][7]—— 菜单

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最新推荐文章于 2023-10-09 00:00:02 发布

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分类专栏： minigui 文章标签：服务器 windows c++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_43601873/article/details/127185670

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1.菜单的概念

1.窗口自带菜单 --- 即创建窗口时最上面的菜单
2.弹出式菜单  ---- 点击右键时的菜单 或者 点击窗口自带菜单后的子菜单

2.菜单的类图

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3.创建普通菜单

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HMENU hmnu; //菜单句柄
MENUITEMINFO mii; //每一个菜单项的菜单信息

//1.创建菜单栏  主菜单栏 一个横条
hmnu = CreateMenu();

//2.创建子菜单项
HMENU child_hmnu;
memset (&mii, 0, sizeof(MENUITEMINFO));
mii.type = MFT_STRING;
mii.id = 0;
mii.typedata = (DWORD)"文件";
child_hmnu = CreatePopupMenu (&mii); //创建子菜单

//3.子菜单项的子菜单项
memset (&mii, 0, sizeof(MENUITEMINFO));
mii.type = MFT_STRING;
mii.state = 0;
mii.id = IDM_NEW;
mii.typedata = (DWORD)"新建";
InsertMenuItem(child_hmnu, 0, TRUE, &mii);

//2.设置菜单项的菜单信息
memset (&mii, 0, sizeof(MENUITEMINFO));
mii.type = MFT_STRING ; //字符串类型
mii.state = 0; //菜单项灰化
mii.id = IDM_ABOUT_THIS; //菜单的id项
mii.typedata = (DWORD)"文件..."; //菜单的文字
mii.hsubmenu = child_hmnu;//创建子菜单项

//3.将菜单项与菜单绑定
InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 0, TRUE, &mii);

编程实例

效果

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源码

static HMENU createpmenufile (void)
{
    HMENU hmnu;
    MENUITEMINFO mii;
    
    memset (&mii, 0, sizeof(MENUITEMINFO));
    mii.type = MFT_STRING;
    mii.id = 0;
    mii.typedata = (DWORD)"文件";
    hmnu = CreatePopupMenu (&mii); //创建弹出式菜单栏
    
    memset (&mii, 0, sizeof(MENUITEMINFO));
    mii.type = MFT_STRING;
    mii.state = 0;
    mii.id = IDM_NEW;
    mii.typedata = (DWORD)"新建";
    InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 0, TRUE, &mii);
    
    mii.type = MFT_STRING;
    mii.state = 0;
    mii.id = IDM_OPEN;
    mii.typedata = (DWORD)"打开...";
    InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 1, TRUE, &mii);
    
    mii.type = MFT_STRING;
    mii.state = 0;
    mii.id = IDM_SAVE;
    mii.typedata = (DWORD)"保存";
    
    InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 2, TRUE, &mii);
    mii.type = MFT_STRING;
    mii.state = 0;
    mii.id = IDM_SAVEAS;
    mii.typedata = (DWORD)"另存为...";
    InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 3, TRUE, &mii);
    
    mii.type = MFT_SEPARATOR;
    mii.state = 0;
    mii.id = 0;
    mii.typedata = 0;
    InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 4, TRUE, &mii);
    
    mii.type = MFT_SEPARATOR;
    mii.state = 0;
    mii.id = 0;
    mii.typedata = 0;
    InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 5, TRUE, &mii);
    
    mii.type = MFT_STRING;
    mii.state = 0;
    mii.id = IDM_EXIT;
    mii.typedata = (DWORD)"退出";
    InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 6, TRUE, &mii);
    return hmnu;
}
/* 创建菜单栏 */
static HMENU createmenu (void)
{
    HMENU hmnu;
    MENUITEMINFO mii;
    hmnu = CreateMenu();
    memset (&mii, 0, sizeof(MENUITEMINFO));
    mii.type = MFT_STRING;
    mii.id = 100;
    mii.typedata = (DWORD)"文件";
    mii.hsubmenu = createpmenufile ();
    InsertMenuItem(hmnu, 0, TRUE, &mii);
    ...
    return hmnu;
}

/* 处理 MSG_ACTIVEMENU，以确保正确设定菜单项的选中状态 */
case MSG_ACTIVEMENU:
	if (wParam == 2) {
    	/* 用 CheckMenuRadioItem 来设定菜单项的选中状态 */
    	CheckMenuRadioItem ((HMENU)lParam,IDM_40X15,IDM_CUSTOMIZE,pNoteInfo->winType, 			MF_BYCOMMAND);
    	CheckMenuRadioItem ((HMENU)lParam,IDM_DEFAULT,IDM_BIG5,pNoteInfo->editCharset, 			MF_BYCOMMAND);
}
	break;
/* 处理 MSG_COMMAND 消息，处理各个菜单命令 */
case MSG_COMMAND:
switch (wParam) {  //子菜单的id 标识符
    case IDM_NEW:
        break;
    case IDM_OPEN:
        break;
    case IDM_SAVE:
        break;
	case IDM_SAVEAS:
		break;
};

4.创建弹出式菜单

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HMENU hNewMenu;
MENUITEMINFO mii;
HMENU hMenuFloat;

memset (&mii, 0, sizeof(MENUITEMINFO));
mii.type = MFT_STRING;
mii.id = 0;
mii.typedata = (DWORD)"File";
hNewMenu = CreatePopupMenu (&mii); //创建弹出式菜单
hMenuFloat = StripPopupHead(hNewMenu); //删除弹出式菜单的头部

TrackPopupMenu (hMenuFloat, TPM_CENTERALIGN, 40, 151, hWnd)

编程实例

效果

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static HMENU CreateQuickMenu (void)
{
    int i;
    HMENU hNewMenu;
    MENUITEMINFO mii;
    HMENU hMenuFloat;
    char *msg[] = {
        "A",
        "F",
        "H",
        "L",
        "P",
        "S",
        "X"
    };
    memset (&mii, 0, sizeof(MENUITEMINFO));
    mii.type = MFT_STRING;
    mii.id = 0;
    mii.typedata = (DWORD)"File";
    
    //创建弹出式菜单
    hNewMenu = CreatePopupMenu (&mii);
    for ( i = 0; i <7; i ++ ) {
        memset ( &mii, 0, sizeof (MENUITEMINFO) );
        mii.type = MFT_STRING;
        mii.id = 100+ i;
        mii.state = 0;
        mii.typedata= (DWORD) msg[i];
        InsertMenuItem ( hNewMenu, i, TRUE, &mii );
    }
    
    //删除菜单的头
    hMenuFloat = StripPopupHead(hNewMenu);
    TrackPopupMenu (hMenuFloat, TPM_CENTERALIGN | TPM_LEFTBUTTON , 40, 151, hWnd);//创建下拉菜单
}

5.菜单相关API

函数名	作用
CreateMenu	创建普通菜单即窗口上面的最上层菜单的那一栏
CreatePopupMenu	创建菜单普通菜单和弹出式菜单都会用到它
TrackPopupMenu	创建弹出式菜单
StripPopupHead	去除Popup菜单头部用于弹出式菜单
GetMenuItemInfo	操作菜单得到菜单信息
SetMenuItemInfo	操作菜单设置菜单信息
GetSubMenu	得到子菜单
SetMenuItemBitmaps	设置菜单位图
GetMenuItemID	得到菜单item的标识符
EnableMenuItem	使能菜单的item项
RemoveMenu	该函数从菜单中删除指定的菜单项。如果菜单项含有子菜单，则会解除子菜单和该菜单项的关联，但并不删除子菜单
DeleteMenu	该函数从菜单中删除指定的菜单项。如果菜单项含有子菜单，则同时会删除子菜单
DestroyMenu	删除整个菜单

int GUIAPI GetMenuItemInfo (HMENU hmnu, int item, BOOL flag, PMENUITEMINFO pmii);
int GUIAPI SetMenuItemInfo (HMENU hmnu, int item, BOOL flag, PMENUITEMINFO pmii);
@humu:菜单句柄
@item：与flag搭配着使用
@flag: MF_BYCOMMAND     item 参数取菜单项的标识符
       MF_BYPOSITION    item 参数取菜单项在菜单中的位置索引值，第一个菜单项取 0 值
在使用这个函数获取或设置菜单属性的时候，MENUITEMINFO 的 mask 成员要设置相应的值才能成功获取或设置菜单的属性

int GUIAPI TrackPopupMenu (HMENU hmnu, UINT uFlags, int x, int y, HWND hwnd);
@hmnu:菜单句柄
@uFlags: TPM_LEFTALIGN：菜单以 (x,y) 点为准水平左对齐，也就是说 x 参数指定的是菜单的左边位置。
         TPM_CENTERALIGN：水平居中对齐。
         TPM_RIGHTALIGN：水平右对齐。
         TPM_TOPALIGN：垂直顶对齐。
         TPM_VCENTERALIGN：垂直居中对齐。
         TPM_BOTTOMALIGN：垂直底对齐。
@x:弹出菜单的屏幕坐标位置 它的具体含义是和 uFlags 参数相关的
@y:弹出菜单的屏幕坐标位置 它的具体含义是和 uFlags 参数相关的
@hwnd：对应的窗口

消息	说明	WPARAM	LPARAM
MSG_ACTIVEMENU	用户激活菜单栏中的某个弹出式菜单	被激活的弹出式菜单位置(在菜单的位置,0,1,2,3…)	弹出式菜单的句柄
MSG_COMMAND	点击菜单后	LOWORD(Wparam)： id号HIWORD(Wparam)：通知码	通知消息的控件句柄