Django框架优势：
1、开源框架，有完美的文档支持
2、解决方案众多，内部功能支持较多
3、优雅的URL，完整的路由系统
4、自助式ORM机制的后台管理
注：本文章是基于ORM机制进行的Ajax异步增删改查
项目架构
注:’—‘为一级路径，’——‘为二级路径，’———‘为三级路径，’————'为四级路径.
my_django_project(项目名)
—my_django_project(初始文件)
—— settings.py(项目配置文件)
——urls.py(路由表文件)
——wsgi.py(基于WSGI机制)
—shopapp(本文章的app名称，在Terminal 键入python manage.py startapp shopapp命令行生成该文件，包含如下子文件)
——migrations（本文章未对其进行任何操作，可忽略）
——static(该文件中可包含.css子文件以及.js子文件如下)
———js(该文件夹下包含.js文件)
————jquery-3.2.1.min.js（引入了jquery框架）
————shop.js(此文件中包含Ajax的具体应用)
——admin.py（用于注册models文件中的类）
——apps.py（用于注册app文件）
——models.py（可在Terminal 键入python manage.py inspectdb > shopapp/models.py 自动生成settings.py中配置的数据库中的各个表的数据列）
——tests.py（可在此文件中进行测试，本文章未对其操作）
——views.py（包含所有的数据库操作，即（CRUD））
—templates(此文件包含.html文件)
——messageinfo.html(本文章的html文件)
—manage.py（启动Django框架的文件）
注：以下文件按照如上所述的顺序进行排列，以便于查看
settings.py文件（包含原有的代码以及修改配置的代码如下）：
"""
Django settings for my_django_project project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.2.5.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/
"""
import os
# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'eu!&l#9d5q42k*@p78^zv^-^w6tqqutbp(f&mk5dxjue&=(9v('
SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
'shopapp.apps.ShopappConfig',
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'my_django_project.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
,
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'my_django_project.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'db_job_data',
'HOST': '你的数据库地址',
'USER': '你的用户名',
'PASSWORD':'你的密码',
'PORT': '你的数据库端口号',
'OPTIONS':{'isolation_level':None}
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
os.path.join(BASE_DIR,"static"), #配置static下的样式文件
)
# 配置输出sql语句
LOGGING = {
'version': 1,
'disable_existing_loggers': False,
'handlers': {
'console':{
'level':'DEBUG',
'class':'logging.StreamHandler',
},
},
'loggers': {
'django.db.backends': {
'handlers': ['console'],
'propagate': True,
'level':'DEBUG',
},
}
}
urls.py文件（用于配置路由）
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from shopapp.views import *
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
path('',index), #默认的登陆界面
path('checkshopname/',checkShopName),
path('ajaxshopinfo/',getShopInfo),
path('submits/',submits),
]
shop.js文件（包含Ajax具体代码）
//修改
function submitModifyShop(id) {
//console.log('#list-line' + id +" td")
$('#list-lines' + id +" td").attr('contentEditable',true);
// $('#id').attr("readonly","readonly");
}
//点击修改完成按钮的功能
function submitModifyShops(id){
$.ajax({
type: 'post', // 传数据的方式
url: 'checkshopname/',
dataType: 'json', // xml、json、script、html
data:JSON.stringify({
'shopId': $("td[name='shopId"+id+"']").html(), // $('#userName') == document.getElementById('userName')
'shopName': $("td[name='shopName"+id+"']").html(),
'shopPrice': $("td[name='shopPrice"+id+"']").html(),
'shopNum': $("td[name='shopNum"+id+"']").html(),
}),
error: function(xhr, err){
alert('请求失败，请检查，' + err + '!')
},
success: function(data, textStatus){ // success对应的回调函数的第一个参数，是服务器返回的数据
if(data.code==1){
alert("修改完成！")
//console.log("成功")
$('#list-lines' + id +" td").attr('contentEditable',false)
}
}
});
}
function getShopData(currentPage, pageSize, opr, shopId) {
shopName = document.searchForms.shopName.value
if(opr == 'del'){
if(!confirm('确定要删除吗？')){
return false
}
}
$.ajax({
type: 'post', // 传数据的方式
url: 'ajaxshopinfo/',
dataType: 'json', // xml、json、script、html
data:JSON.stringify({
'shopId':shopId,
'shopName':shopName,
'pageSize': pageSize,
'currentPage': currentPage,
'opr': opr
}),
error: function(xhr, err){
alert('请求失败，请检查，' + err + '!')
},
success: function(data, textStatus){ // success对应的回调函数的第一个参数，是服务器返回的数据
if(data.code == 1 && opr != 'update'){
var htmlTexts = ""
for(var i =0;i <data.shopData.length;i++){
htmlTexts +=' <tr id="list-lines'+data.shopData[i]['job_id']+'" >\n' +
' <td><input type="checkbox" name="shopId" value='+ data.shopData[i]['job_id'] +'/></td>\n' +
' <td name="shopId'+ data.shopData[i]['job_id'] +'">'+ data.shopData[i]['job_id']+'</td>\n' +
' <td name="shopName'+ data.shopData[i]['job_id'] +'">'+ data.shopData[i]['jobposition'] +'</td>\n' +
' <td name="shopPrice'+ data.shopData[i]['job_id'] +'">'+ data.shopData[i]['job_mmoney'] +'</td>\n' +
' <td name="shopNum'+ data.shopData[i]['job_id'] +'">'+ data.shopData[i]['job_city'] +'</td>\n' +
' <td>\n' +
' <a href="javascript:getShopData(1,16,\'del\','+ data.shopData[i]['job_id'] +');">删除</a> \n' +
' <a onclick=submitModifyShop('+ data.shopData[i]['job_id'] +')>修改</a> \n' +
' <a onclick=submitModifyShops('+ data.shopData[i]['job_id'] +')>完成</a>\n' +
' </td>\n' +
' \n' +
' </tr>'
}
pageTexts = '<tr><td colspan="8" align="center">---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------</td></tr>' +
'<tr><td colspan="8" align="center">'+ '当前第' + data.currentPage + '页 总共有' + data.totalPage + '页 ';
if(data.currentPage <= 1) {
pageTexts += '首页 上一页 ';
}else{
pageTexts += '<a href="javascript:getShopData(1,16,\'search\', 0);">首页</a> ' +
'<a href="javascript:getShopData(' + (data.currentPage - 1) + ', 16, \'search\', 0);">上一页</a> ';
}
if(data.currentPage >= data.totalPage){
pageTexts += '下一页 尾页 ';
}else {
pageTexts += '<a href="javascript:getShopData(' + (data.currentPage + 1) + ', 16, \'search\', 0);">下一页</a> ' +
'<a href="javascript:getShopData(' + data.totalPage + ', 16, \'search\', 0);">尾页</a> ';
}
pageTexts +='</td></tr>'
$('#shopDataBody').empty()
$('#shopDataBody').append(htmlTexts)
$('#shopDataBody').append(pageTexts)
document.searchForm.currentPage.value = data.currentPage
document.searchForm.pageSize.value=data.pageSize
}
}
});
}
$(document).ready(
function(){
getShopData(1, 16, 'search', 0)
}
)
// `asdad${this}asdasd asd ${asd}sada as`
function insert() {
template = document.getElementById("theTemplate").innerHTML ;
// console.log(template)//获取index.html界面模态框代码
$('#model').append(template);
}
function submits(){
jobposition = $("input[name='jobposition']:first").val()
jobmoney = $("input[name='jobmoney']:first").val()
jobcity = $("input[name='jobcity']:first").val()
$.ajax({
type: 'post', // 传数据的方式
url: 'submits/',
dataType: 'json', // xml、json、script、html
data: JSON.stringify({
'jobposition':jobposition,
'jobmoney':jobmoney,
'jobcity':jobcity,
}),
error: function (xhr, err) {
alert('请求失败，请检查，' + err + '!')
},
success: function (data, textStatus) {
if(data.code==1){
alert("数据写入成功")
}
}
})
}
admin.py文件
from django.contrib import admin
# Register your models here.
from shopapp.models import JobPosition
admin.site.register(JobPosition)
apps.py文件
from django.apps import AppConfig
class ShopappConfig(AppConfig):
name = 'shopapp'
models.py文件
from django.db import models
class JobPosition(models.Model):
job_id = models.AutoField(db_column='job_id',primary_key=True)
jobposition = models.CharField(db_column='jobposition',max_length=100, blank=True, null=True)
job_mmoney = models.CharField(db_column='job_MMoney', max_length=45, blank=True, null=True) # Field name made lowercase.
job_city = models.CharField(db_column='job_city',max_length=128, blank=True, null=True)
class Meta:
managed = False
db_table = 'job_position'
views.py文件（基于ORM机制的增删改查，代码如下）
from django.shortcuts import render
from shopapp.models import JobPosition
from django.http.response import HttpResponse
import json
def index(request):
return render(request,'messageinfo.html')
pass
#确认修改
def checkShopName(request):
shopdata = request.body.decode('utf-8')
shopDict = json.loads(shopdata)
shop = JobPosition()
shop.job_id = shopDict.get('shopId') #将数据赋给user实体的属性
shop.jobposition=shopDict.get('shopName')
shop.job_mmoney = shopDict.get('shopPrice')
shop.job_city = shopDict.get('shopNum')
JobPosition.objects.filter(job_id=shop.job_id).update(jobposition=shop.jobposition,job_mmoney=shop.job_mmoney,job_city=shop.job_city)
return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'code':1}),content_type="application/json")
pass
#查询以及分页 还有删除
def getShopInfo(request):
shopData = request.body.decode('utf-8')
shopDict = json.loads(shopData)
currentPage = int(shopDict.get('currentPage'))
pageSize = int(shopDict.get('pageSize'))
opr = shopDict.get('opr')
shopId = shopDict.get('shopId')
if opr=='del':
shop = JobPosition()
shop.job_id = shopId
shop.delete() #删除
result = JobPosition.objects.filter(job_city__contains=shopDict.get("shopName")).values("job_id","jobposition","job_mmoney","job_city")[(currentPage-1)*pageSize:pageSize*currentPage]
counts = JobPosition.objects.filter(job_city__contains=shopDict.get("shopName")).count()
totalPage = 0
if(counts%pageSize == 0):
totalPage = counts//pageSize
else:
totalPage = counts // pageSize + 1
pass
returnData = {'code':1, 'shopData':json.loads(json.dumps(list(result))), 'pageSize':pageSize, 'currentPage':currentPage, 'totalPage':totalPage, 'opr':'search'}
return HttpResponse(json.dumps(returnData),content_type="application/json")
pass
#确认添加
def submits(request):
Text = request.body.decode('utf-8')
TextDict = json.loads(Text)
shop = JobPosition()
shop.jobposition = TextDict.get('jobposition')
shop.job_mmoney = TextDict.get('jobmoney')
shop.job_city= TextDict.get('jobcity')
shop.save() #插入实例化对象的三个属性值
return HttpResponse(json.dumps({'code': 1}),content_type="application/json")
pass
messageinfo.html代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>后台管理界面</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.staticfile.org/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.7/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
{% load static %}
<script type="text/javascript" src="{% static "js/shop.js" %}"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h2>管理员界面</h2>
<br/>
<div class="row clearfix">
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<div class="tabbable" id="tabs-200351">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li>
<a href="#panel-200936" data-toggle="tab">数据管理</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div class="tab-content">
<div class="tab-pane active" id="panel-200936">
<br/>
<!--查询-->
<div id="searchBoxs"> <!-- action="/gouserinfo.do" -->
<form method="post" name="searchForms">
<br/>
城市名:<input type="text" name="shopName">
<input type="hidden" name="currentPage" value="1"/> <!--hidden为不可见-->
<input type="hidden" name="pageSize" value="16"/>
<input type="button" value="查询" onclick="getShopData(1, 16, 'search', 0)">
<input type="button" value="添加" onclick="insert()" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">
</form>
</div>
<script type="text/html" id="theTemplate">
{# <!-- 按钮触发模态框 -->#}
{# <button class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">#}
{# 开始演示模态框#}
{#{ </button>#}
{# <!-- 模态框（Modal）-->#}
<div class="modal fade" id="myModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true" style="display: none;">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"
aria-hidden="true">
</button>
<h2 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">
请插入职位信息
</h2>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<div id="orderCon" style="text-align:center">
职位名： <input type="text" name="jobposition" value="" /><br/><br/>
月薪： <input type="text" name="jobmoney" value="" /><br/><br/>
城市： <input type="text" name="jobcity" value="" /><br/><br/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default"
data-dismiss="modal">关闭
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="orderSubmit" onclick="submits()" data-dismiss="modal">
添加
</button>
</div>
</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
</div><!-- /.modal-dialog -->
</div><!-- /.modal -->
</script>
<div id="model">
<div class="modal fade" id="myModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true" style="display: none;">
<div class="modal-dialog">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal"
aria-hidden="true">
</button>
<h2 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">
请插入职位信息
</h2>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
<div id="orderCon" style="text-align:center">
职位名： <input type="text" name="jobposition" value="" /><br/><br/>
月薪： <input type="text" name="jobmoney" value="" /><br/><br/>
城市： <input type="text" name="jobcity" value="" /><br/><br/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default"
data-dismiss="modal">关闭
</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="orderSubmit" onclick="submits()" data-dismiss="modal">
添加
</button>
</div>
</div><!-- /.modal-content -->
</div><!-- /.modal-dialog -->
</div><!-- /.modal -->
</div>
<!--动态生成数据库中商品信息的表格-->
<table class="dataTables" align="center" style="width: 100%">
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">
<input type="button" value="全选"/>
<input type="button" value="反选"/>
</th>
<th>职位编号</th>
<th>职位名</th>
<th>月薪</th>
<th>城市</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody id="shopDataBody">
{# {% for shop in shopList %}#}
{# <tr id="list-lines{{ shop.shopId }}" >#}
{# <td><input type="checkboxs" name="shopId" value="{{ shop.shopId }}"/></td>#}
{# <td name="shopId{{ shop.shopId }}">{{ shop.shopId }}</td>#}
{# <td name="shopName{{ shop.shopId }}">{{ shop.shopName }}</td>#}
{# <td name="shopPrice{{ shop.shopId }}">{{ shop.shopPrice }}</td>#}
{# <td name="shopNum{{ shop.shopId }}">{{ shop.shopNum }}</td>#}
{# <td name="shopClassfiy{{ shop.shopId }}">{{ shop.shopClassfiy }}</td>#}
{# <td name="shopImgUrl{{ shop.shopId }}">{{ shop.shopImgUrl }}</td>#}
{# <td>#}
{# <a onclick="getShopData(1, 16, 'del', 0)">删除</a> #}
{# <a id="xg" onclick="submitModifyShop({{ shop.shopId }})">修改</a> #}
{# <a id="wc" onclick="submitModifyShops({{ shop.shopId }})">完成</a>#}
{# </td>#}
{# </tr>#}
{# {% endfor %}#}
</tbody>
</table>
{# 第二块结尾 #}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
manage.py启动文件：
#!/usr/bin/env python
"""Django's command-line utility for administrative tasks."""
import os
import sys
def main():
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'my_django_project.settings')
try:
from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line
except ImportError as exc:
raise ImportError(
"Couldn't import Django. Are you sure it's installed and "
"available on your PYTHONPATH environment variable? Did you "
"forget to activate a virtual environment?"
) from exc
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
至此，是本项目文件的全部内容，如下图是：
下篇文章见！！！！
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